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THE  STORY 

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OF  THE 


BATTLE  of  GETTYSBURG 


WITH  KEY  AND  DIAGRAM  OF  THE  BATTLE 


I 

PROFUSELY  ILLUSTRATED  WITH  SCENES  OF  THE  LEADING  BATTLES 
OF  THE  CIVIL  WAR,  AUTOGRAPH  LETTERS  IN  FACSIMILE 
OF  DISTINGUISHED  GENERALS  AND  OTHER 
RARE  DOCUMENTS. 

BY 

JOHN  B.  BACHELDER,  A.  M. 

GOVERNMENT  HISTORIAN  FOR  THE  BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG 


PRICE  25  CENTS 


MAMMOTH  PAINTING 


THE 

BATTLE  of  GETTYSBURG 

JULY  1-3,  1863. 


A  FEW  REASONS  WHY  YOU  SHOULD  SEE  THIS 

GRAND  SPECTACLE. 

It  is  the  most  truthful  battle  picture  in  existence. 

It  was  begun  within  forty-eight  hours  after  the  battle. 

It  was  designed  and  arranged  by  Colonel  Bachelder,  the  Govern¬ 
ment  Historian  of  the  battle. 

It  was  painted  by  James  Walker,  a  famous  artist  who  was  an  officer 
in  the  battle. 

It  was  approved  by  1,000  officers  of  both  armies  who  visited  the 
battlefield  with  the  artist. 

It  faithfully  portrays  25  square  miles  of  battlefield. 

It  locates  the  positions  and  movements  of  175,000  men. 

It  shows  309  regiments  and  78  batteries  with  rare  clearness  and 
exactness. 

It  is  absolutely  correct  in  detail. 

It  is  the  grandest  battle  scene  ever  put  on  canvas. 

It  cost  $50,000  and  took  many  years  to  produce  it. 

It  is  a  great  historical  study. 

It  is  an  education  to  young  and  old. 

It  teaches  more  about  the  battle  in  fifteen  minutes  than  can  be 
learned  in  months  of  study. 

It  has  delighted  a  million  people. 

It  will  delight  and  instruct  you. 

It  is  worth  many  times  the  price  of  admission  to  see  it  and  hear 
the  splendid  lecture. 


Exhibition  open  from  9  A.  M.  to  n  P.  M. 

LECTURE  EVERY  HOUR, 


ADMISSION  25  CEJVTS , 
CHILDREN  ( UNDER  14  YEylRS)  15  CENTS. 


7k  a. ... 


[1st  and  2d  U.  S.  Sharp-shooters.) 

““to  ~ 


UNION  REFERENCES. 

1  Fitzhugh's  Battery,  K.  1st  New  York. 

Jfc  8d  Corps  Head-quarters'  Colors. 

3  Major-General  Birney,  commanding  3d  Corps. 

4  Brig.-General  Ward,  1st  Div.,  3d  Corps. 

5  Head-quarters’  Colors,  2d  Div.,  2d  Corps. 

6  Infantry — 3d  Me.,  20th  Ind.,  and  99th  Pa.  Vols. 

7  Col.  Berdan,  2d  Brig..  1st  Div..  3d  Corps.  (3d,  4th  Me.,  20th  Ind., “86th,  124th  N.  Y.,  99th  Pa.  Vols.' 

8  Brig.  -General  Harrow.  1st  Brig.,  2d  Div..  2d  Corps. 

9  Col  Dana,  2d  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  1st  Corps,  (143d,  149th,  and  150th  Pa.  Vols.) 

1 0  Major-Generals  Newton  and  Docbledav,  commanding  1st  Corps,. and  3d  Div.,  1st  Corps. 

1 1  Brig.-Gen  Rowlf.y,  1st  Brig..  3d  Div.,  1st  Corps,  (121st,  142d,  151st  Pa.  Vols.,  and  20th  N.  Y.  S.  M.) 

12  Brig.-Gen.  Eusns,  2d  Brig.,  8d  Div.,  6th  Corps,  (2d  R  I.,  7th,  10th,  and  37th  Mass.  Vols.) 

1  n  J  Col.  Madill.  1st  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  3d  Corps,  (57th,  63d,  68th,  105th,  and  141st  Pa.  Vols.)  [Pa,  Vols.) 
j  Col.  De  Trobriand,  3d  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  3d  Corps,  (3d,  5th  Mich.,  17th  Me.,  40th  N.  Y.,  and  110th 

14  Brig.-Gen.  Shaler,  1st  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  6th  Corps,  (65th,  67tb,  122d  N.  Y.,  28d  and  82a  Pa.  Vols,) 

1 5  Brig.-Gen.  Russell,  3d  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  6th  Corps,  (5th  Wis.,  6th  Me.,  49th  and  119th  Pa.  Vols.) 

1 6  Barnes’  Battery,  C.  1st  N.  Y. 

1  7  Martin’s  Battery,  C,  Mass. 

18  Brig.-Gen.  Howe.  2d  Div.,  6th  Corps. 


1 9  Col.  Burling,  3d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  3d  Corps,  i 
19-a  Parson’s  (Hexameb’s)  Battery,  A,  1st  N.  J. 


21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 


(2d  N.  H.,  5th,  6th,  7th,  6th  N.  J.,  and  115th  Pa.  Vols.) 
rv,  A,  1st  N.  J.  [Pa.  Vols.) 

1 9-b  Brig.  Gen.  Carr,  1st  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  3d  Corps,  (1st,  11th,  16th  Mass.,  11th  N.  J.,  12th  N.  H.,  and  26th 
20  Major-General  Humphreys,  2d  Div.,  8d  Corps. 

C  l.  Brewster,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  3d  Corps,  (1st,  2d,  8d,  4th,  5th  Excelsior,  and  120th  N.  Y.  Vols.) 
Col.  Frazer,  3d  Brig.  (Zook’s),  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps,  (52d,  57th,  66th  N.  Y.,  and  140th  Pa.  Vols.) 
Brig.-General  Caldwell,  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps. 

Brig-Gen  Torbert,  1st  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  6th  Corps,  (1st,  2d,  3d,  and  15th  N.  J.  Vole.) 

Brig-Gen.  Wright.  1st  Div.,  6th  Corps.  [Ames’  Bat’s.),  also  Thomas’s  and  Daniel’s  Batteries. 

_ McGilvery’s  Reserve  Artillery  (Thompson’s,  Phillips’,  Hart’s,  Sterling’s,  Cooper’s, Dow’s,  and 

26-a  Co)  Kelley,  2d  Brig.,  1st  Dir.,  2d  Corps,  (28th  Mass.,  68d,  69th,  88th  N.  Y.,  and  116th  Pa  Vols.) 

27  Col.  McKeene,  1st  Brig.  (Cross’),  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps,  (5th  N.  H.,  61st N.  Y.,  81  stand  148th  Pa. Vols.) 

28  Col.  Brooke.  4th  Brig..  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps,  (2d  Del.,  27th  Conn.,  64th  N.  Y.,  53d  and  145th  Pa.  Vols.) 

29  Head-quarters  of  Major-Generals  Syke3  and  Sedgwick,  5th  and  6th  Corps. 

30  “  Col.  Grant,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div,.  6tb  Corps,  (2d,  8d,  4th,  5th,  and  6th  Vt.  Vols.) 

31  Brig.-General  Barnes,  1st  Div..  5tb  Corps. 

LOCAL  POINTS. 

(See  Y.)  B  Little  Round  Top.  C  Vincent’s  Spur. 

0  Reynolds’  Grove  ( killed ,  July  1st).  P  Fairfield  Road. 


33 

34 

35 

36 

37 

38 

39 

40 

41 

42 

43 

44 

45 

46 

47 

48 


50 

51 

52 

53 

54 

55 

56 

57 

58 


UNION 

Cowan’s  N.  Y.  (independent)  Battery. 

1st  Minn.  Vols. 

15th  Mass.  Vols. 

13th  Vt.  Vols. 

16th  Vt. 

19th  Me. 

Capt.  Cowan  (Cowan’s  New  Y ork  Battery), 
82d  N.  Y.  Vols. 

59th  N.  Y.  Vols. 

20th  Mass.  Vols. 

7th  Mich.  Vols. 


70’  Capt, 

71  19th  Mass, 


A 

N 


Taneytown  Road. 
Bliss'  Buildings. 


D 

a 


KEY  TO  TS3CE  ^^.irjrTIPTG-  OP  33iLTTIiE 

“REPULSE  OF  LONGSTREET’S  ASSAULT.” 

JULY  8,  1S6S. 

UNION  REFERENCES. 

31  Col.  Sweitzer,  2d  Brig.,  1st  Div..  5th  Corps,  (4th  Mich.,  62d  Pa.,  9th  and  82d  Mass.  Vols.)  59 

31  Col.  Rice,  3d  Brig.  (Vincent’s),  1st  Div.,  5th  Corps,  (16th  Mich.,  44th  N.  Y.,83d  Pa.,  20th  Mo.  Vols.)  60 

32  Head-quarters  oLBrig.-General  Ayres,  2d  Div.,  5th  Corps.  61 

32-a  Col.  Day,  1st  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  5th  Corps,  (3d,  4th,  6th,  12th,  and  14th  U.  S.  Infantry.)  62 

32-b  “  Col.  Burbank,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  5th  Corps,  (2d,  7th,  10th,  11th,  &  17th  U.  S.  Infantry.)  63 

Brig.-Gen.  Bartlett  (Col.  Upton),  2d  Brig.,  8d  Div.,  6th  Corps,  (5th  Me,  12l6t  N.  Y.,95th  and  96th  64 
Gibbs’  Battery,  L,  1st  Ohio.  [Pa.  Vols.)  65 

Head-quarters  of  Brig.-General  Wheaton,  8d  Div.,  6th  Corps.  66 

“  Col.  Garrard,  3d  Brig.  (Weed’s),  2d  Div.,  5th  Corps,  (91st,  155th  Pa.,  140th  and  67 

146th  N.  Y.  Vols.)  68 

“  Rittenhousb’s  (H  azlett’s)  Battery,  D,  5th  U.  S.  69 

“  Col.  Fisher,  3d  Brig.,  8d  Div.,  5th  Corps,  (5th,  12th  Penn.  Reserves),  and  9th,  10th, 

and  11th  detached. 

“  Col.  Tilton,  1st  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  6th  Corps,  (1st  Mich.,  118th  Pa.  Vols.),  and  18th 

and-22d  Mass,  detached.  [Pa.  Vols.) 

“  Col.  Nevins,  3d  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  6th  Corps,  (62d  N.  Y.,  93d,  98th,  102d,  and  139th 

Brig.-General  Gibbon  (wounded),  2d  Div.,  2d  Corps, 

1st  Reg’t  United  States’ Sharp-shooters. 

Brown’s  Battery,  B,  1st  R.  I. 

Elder’s  Battery. 

Roety’s  Battery,  B,  1st  N.  Y.  ,  Tand  18th  Pa.  Vol.  Cav.) 

Head-quarters  Gen.  Farnsworth  (killed),  1st  Brig.,  3d  Div.  Cavalry,  (1st  Vt.,  1st  West  Va.,  5th  N.Y., 

“  Brig.-General  Kilpatrick,  3d  Div.  Cavalry. 

2d  Corps,  Head-quarters’  Colors. 

4 8 -a  Col.  Willard  (killed,  July  2d),  3d  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  2d  Corps. 

49  Major-General  Hancock  (wounded). 

14th  Vt.  Vols. 

Brig.-General  Stannard,  3d  Brig.,  8d  Div.,  1st  Corps, 

Col.  Cross  (killed,  July  2d),  1st  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps.  [6th,  11th  Pa.  Reserves,  and  1st  Rifles.) 

Brig.  Gen.  Crawford,  3d  Div.,  5th  Corps — Col.  M’Oandless,  1st  Brig.,  8d  Div.,  5th  Corps,  (1st,  2d, 

151st  Pa.  Vols.  [Battery,  K,  1st  U.  S.) 

Brig.-Gen.  Merritt,  Reserve  Cavalry  Brigade,  (1st,  2d,  5th  U.  S.,  6th  Pa.  Vol.  Cav.,  and  Graham  s 
Col.  Brooke  (wounded,  July  2d),  4th  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  2d  Corp6. 

20th  New  York  State  Militia. 

Brig.-Gen.  Zook  ( killed ,  July  2d),  8d  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps. 

LOCAL  POINTS. 

E  Devil’s  Den.  F  Sickles  wounded  G 

R  Chambersburg  Tpike.  g  Railroad  T 


REFERENCES. 


Captain  Farrell  (Co.  C,  1st  Minn.  Vols.),  commanding  Division  Provost  Guard  (killed). 
Captain  Bingham  (General  Hancock’s  Staff). 

Lieut.  Cushing  (killed),  Battery  A,  4th  U.  S. 

Col.  Hall,  8d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  2d  Corps.  < 

69th  Pa.  Vols, 

Brig.-General  Hunt,  Chief  of  Artillery. 
fYJnnpl  Ham’s  TlnVada.  Head-rmarters1  ( 


Hazard,  Chief  2d  Corps  Artillery. 

‘  iss.  Vols. 

72  &  97  Co.  C.  1st  Minn.  Vols.  (Division  Provost  Guard). 

73 

74 

75 

76 

77 

78 

79 

80 
81 
82 

83 

84 

85 

86 

87 

88 

89 

90 

91 

92 

93 


Round  Top. 
Seminary. 


Wheat-Field 
Mummasburg  Turnpike. 


CONFEDERATE  REFERENCES. 

126  Robertson's  Brig.,  (1st  4th.  and  51st  Texas,  and  3d  Ark.  Reg’ts.) 

127  Anderson’s  Brig,,  (7tli,  8th,  9th.  11th,  and  59th  Ga.  Reg’ts  ) 

1 28  Benning’s  Brig.,  (2d,  15th.  17th,  and  20th  Ga,  Reg'ts.) 

129  Kershaw’s  Brig.,  (2d,  3d,  7th,  8th.  and  15th  S.  C  Reg’ts.) 

1 30  Law’s  Brig..  (4th,  15th,  44th.  47th.  and  4Sth  Ala.  Reg’ts.) 

131  Semmes’  Brie..  (10th.  50tb.  51st,  and  58d  Ga.  Reg’ts,) 

1  32  Wofford’s  Brig..  (16th,  18th.  and  24th  Ga.  Reg’ts.  Cobb’s  and  Phillips’  Legions.) 

133  Aajor-General  McLaws  (commanding  Division). 

134  Henry’s  Artillery — comprising  Reilly’s  and  Latham’s  Batteries. 

1  35  Wilcox’s  Brig.,  (Sth.  9th  10th.  11th.  and  I4tb  Ala.  Regt’s  ) 

1 36  Alexander’s  Artillery— Moody  s,  Taylor’s,  Rhett’s.  Parker’s,  Jordan’s,  and  Woolfolk’s  Bat’s. 

137  Ferry's  (Col.  Lang’s)  Brig.,  (2d  5th,  and  8tb  Florida  Reg’ts.) 


REFERENCES. 


CONFEDERATE 

138  Barksdale’s  Brig.,  (18th,  17th,  18th,  and  21st  Miss.  Reg’ts.) 

139  Eshleman’s  Artillery— Miller’s,  Norcum’s,  and  Richardson’s  Batteries. 

1 40  Deaeing’s  Artillery— Strilling’s,  Macon’s,  Caskie’s,  and  Blout’s  Batteries. 

141  Lieut. -General  Longstreet. 

142  Major-General  Anderson  (commanding  Division). 

143  Kemper’s  Brig.,  (1st,  3d,  7th,  11th,  and  24th  Va.  Regiments.) 

1 44  Cabell’s  Artillery— Frazer’s,  Manly’s,  McCarty’s,  and  Carton's  Batteries. 

145  Mahone’s  Brig.,  (6th,  12th,  16th,  41st,  and  61st  Va.  Reg’ts.) 

146  Brig.-General  Armistead  (mortally  wounded). 

147  Lieut.-Col.  Martin,  53d  Va  (wounded). 

148  Posey’s  Brig.,  (12th,  16th,  19th,  and  48th  Miss.  Reg'ts.) 


150 

151 

152 

153 

154 

155 

1 56 


Colonel  Hall’s  Brigade,  Head -quarters’  Colors; 

Brig.-General  Webb,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  2d  Corps. 

OusniNo’s  Battery,  A,  4th  U.  8.  (2d  Position). 

72d  Pa.  Vols. 

Stone  Wall. 

Brig.-General  Webb’s  Brigade  Head-quarters’  Colors. 

Major  Mitchell  (Gen.  Hancock’s  Staff). 

Cushing’s  Battery,  A,  4th  U.  8.  (1st  Position). 

Capt.  Banes  (Gen.  Webb's  Staff). 

71st  Pa.  Vols. 

Major-General  Meade  (Commander-in-chief). 

Angle  in  the  Stone  Wall. 

Lieut.  Haskell  (Gen.  Gibbon’s  Staff). 

Capt.  Parker  (Gen.  Hancock’s  Staff). 

LOCAL  POINTS. 

H  Peach  Orchard  I  Sherfey’s  House.  J  Apple  Orchard. 

U  Oak  Hill.  V  Pennsylvania  College.  W  Bryan’s  House. 

CONFEDERATE  REFERENCES. 

Garnett’s  Brig.,  (Sth,  18th,  19th,  28th,  and  56th  Va.  Reg’ts.) 

W  right’s  Brig.,  (3d,  22d,  48th  Ga.  Reg’ts.,  and  2d  Battalion.) 

Garnett’s  Artillery — Maurin’s  and  Lewis’s  Batteries. 

Armistead’s  Brig.,  (9th,  14th,  38th,  53d,  and  57th  Va.  Reg’ts.) 

Sc  149  Poague’s  Artillery— Vozatt’s,  Graham's,  Ward’s,  and  Brooks’  Batteries. 
Brig.-General  Pettigrew  (wounded). 

Soales’  (Col.  Lourance’s)  Brig.,  (13th,  16th,  22d,  34th,  and  38th  N.  C.  Reg  ts.) 

!> ....  „  A'.fiila.*. M  ,  uvif’fl  RnAwmrp’c  7.ruMirp\r  an’r.  and  McGraw’s  Batt 


94 

95 

96 

97 

98 

99 
100 
101 
102 


157  Pegeam’s  Artillery— Manye’s,  Brander’s,  Zimmerman’s,  and  MoGbaw’s  Batteries. 

158  Maj. -General  Trimble  (wounded). 

1 5  8 -a  Lane’s  Artillery — Ross’,  Wingfield’s,  and  Patterson’s  BatterieB. 

159  McIntosh’s  Artillery— Rice's,  Johnson’s,  and  Hart's  Batteries.  _  . 

160  Archer’s  (Col.  Frye’s)  Brig.,  (1st,  7th,  14th  Tenn.,  13th  Ala.  Reg  ts,  and  5th  Ala.  Battalion.) 


149  &  154  Poague’s  Artillery — Vozatt’s,  Graham’s,  Ward’s,  and  Brooks’  Batteries. 

The  name  of  every  Brigade,  Regiment,  Battery,  and  Officer  represented  on  this  Painting  will  he  found  in  the  Index  to  the  DESCRIP  TIVE  KET,  preceded  by  the  number  indicating  its  position  on  the  Painting,  and  followed 


UNION  REFERENCES. 

First  Union  Gun,  Calef’s  (Tidball’s)  Battery,  A,  2d  U.  S. 

71st  Pa.  Vols.  (two  Companies). 

Army  Head-quarters’  Colors.  _ 

Sc  72  Co.  C,  1st  Mian.  Vols.  (Division  Provost  Guard). 

8th  Ohio  Vols. 

14th  Conn.  Vols. 

Brig.-General  Hays,  Sd  Div.,  2d  Corps. 

1st  Del.  Vols. 

12th  N.  J.  Vols. 

102-a  125th  N.  T.  Vols, 

103  u  Limber  ’’  belonging  to  Cushing’s  Battery. 

1 04  Col.  Smyth  (wounded ),  2d  Brig.,  8d  Div.,  2d  Corps. 

105  126th  N.  Y.  Vols. 

105-a  111th  N.  Y.  Vols. 

106  39th  N.  Y.  Vols. 

Wheeler’s  New  York  (Independent)  Battery. 

106th  N.  Y.  Vols.  _ _ „ 

Col.  Sherrill  ( mortally  wounded),  8<1  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  2d  Corps. 

Woodruff’s  Battery,  L  1st  U.  S.  [Vols.) 

Lieut.  Woodruff  (mortally  wowided).  Q4th  104th  N.  Y.,  and  18th  Mass. 

Col.  Coulter,  1st  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  1st  Corps,  (107th  Pm  16th  Me.,  tMin,  "•  * 

Arnold’s  Battery,  A,  1st  R.  I.  [detached. 

Brig.-General  Robinson,  2d  Div.,  1st  Corpse  v  voIr  >  and  88d  Mass.  Vol s. 

Col  Smith,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  11th  Corps,  (55th,  78d  Ohio,  136th  N.  Y.  Vols.),  ana  sou  m 

116  Col.  Morgan  (Chief  of  Gen.  Hancock’s  Staff!  QOJ.  „  Qftth  pfl  and  12th  Mass. 

1 1  7  Brig.-General  Baxter,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  1st  Corps,  (97th,  83d  N.  V.,  88th,  90th  Pa„  ana  lztn  Mass. 

Martin’s  Battery,  F,  Sth  U.  S. 

Major-General  Howard,  11th  Corps, 

Brig.-General  Steinwehr,  2d  Div.,  11th  Corps, 

120-a  Brig.-General  Schurz,  8d  Div.,  11th  Corps. 

121  Col.  Tompkins,  Chief  6th  Corps  Artillery. 

Major  Osborne,  Chief  11th  Corps  Artillery. 

MoCartney’s  Mass.  Battery. 

Butler’s  Battery,  G,  2d  U.  S. 

Sergeant  Trevor,  with  two  guns  of  Wier’s  Battery,  C,  5th  U.  S. 

LOCAL  POINTS. 

Cordora's  House.  L  Emmettsburg  Road. 

Town  of  Gettysburg.  Y  Taneytown  Road.  (See  A.) 

CONFEDERATE  REFERENCES. 

Happ’s  Battery.  162  Smith’s  Battery.  163  W  atson's  Battery 

First  Confederate  gun. 

Cunningham’s  Battery.  „  .  , 

Pettigrew’s  (Col.  Marshall’s)  Brig.,  (11th,  26th,  47th,  and  62d  N.  C.  Reg  ts.) 

Lane's  Brig.,  (7th,  18th,  28th,  83d,  and  37th  N.  C.  Reg’ts.) 

Thomas’s  Brig.,  (14th,  35th,  45th,  and  49th  Ga.  Reg’ts.) 

Davis’s  Brig-,  (2d,  11th,  42d  Miss.,  and  55th  N.  C.  Reg'ts.) 

Armstrong  Guns  on  Oak  Hill.  _  „  .  , 

M'Gowan’s  (Col.  Perrin’s)  Brig.,  (1st,  12th,  13th,  14th  S.  C.  Reg’ts,  and  Orr  6  Rifles.) 
Brokenborough’s  Brig.,  (40th,  47th,  55th  Va.  Reg'ts,  and  22d  Battalion). 

Ramseur’s  Brig.,  (2d,  4th,  14th,  and  80th  N.  C.  Reg’ts.) 

Confederate  prisoners. 


107 

108 

109 

110 
111 
112 

113 

114 

115 


118 

119 

120 


122 

123 

124 

125 


K 

X 


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CHILDREN  ( UNDER  14  YESIRS)  15  CENTS. 


THE  STORY 


OF  THE 


BATTLE  of  GETTYSBURG 


AND 


DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  PAINTING 

OF  THE 

REPULSE  OF  LONGSTREET’S  ASSAULT 

By  JAMES  WALKER 


AND  OF  THE 


STEEL  ENGRAVING  FROM  IT  by  H.  B.  hall,  jr. 


ifUnnntl  Arrangement  unit  Hearriptunt 


By  JOHN  B  .  BACHELDER,  A .  M . 

Author  of  the  Isometrical  Drawing  of  the  Gettysburg  Battlefield,  Positions  of  Troops 
on  Engineer-Maps;  Government  Historian  of  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg; 

United  States  Commissioner  to  Mark  the  Battlefield  ; 
etc.,  etc. 


WITH  KEY  AND  DIAGRAM  OF  THE  BATToE.  PROFUSELY  ILLUSTRATED 
WITH  SCENES  OF  THE  LEADING  BATTLES  OF  THE  CIVIL  WAR. 

AUTOGRAPH  LETTERS  IN  FACSIMILE  OF  DISTINGUISHED  GENERALS 
AND  MANY  OTHER  RARE  DOCUMENTS. 


Copyrighted ,  i 904,  by  James  D.  Ball . 


Historical  Art  Company. 
Boston,  Mass. 


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UNION  GENERALS  AT  GETTYSBURG. 


CONFEDERATE  GENERALS  AT  GETTYSBLTRG. 


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THE  STORY  OF  THE  BATTLE. 


The  Battle  of  Gettysburg  must  always  be  regarded  as  the  decisive,  though  not  the 
closing,  battle  of  the  war. 

In  the  struggle  was  involved  not  only  the  honor  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  but 
the  safety  from  invasion  of  the  Northern  States;  not  only  the  success  of  Lee’s  sortie,  but 
that  of  the  Confederacy  itself;  the  life  of  the  nation  and  the  fate  of  liberty  throughout 
the  world  hung  in  the  dreadful  balance.  Its  result  not  only  put  an  end  to  all  hopes  and 
fears  of  a  Northern  invasion,  but  forced  the  Confederate  leaders  and  armies  to  resume  the 
defensive  policy. 

It  was  eminently  proper,  therefore,  that  this  battle  should  be  selected  as  the  one  most 
worthy  to  be  fully  and  faithfully  illustrated  and  described  by  the  artist’s  pencil  and  the 
historian’s  pen.  The  painting  which  is  now  before  the  reader’s  eye  is  the  result  of  the 
former’s  labors;  the  work  of  the  author  is  not  yet  completed. 

From  the  grand  assault  of  Longstreet’s  command,  on  the  third  day  of  the  battle, 
the  Confederate  army  retired  bloodily  repulsed  and  forever  broken;  Lee’s  army  never 
again  recovered  from  the  blow  which  it  here  received.® 

The  repulse  of  Longstreet’s  charge  was  consequently  not  only  the  decisive  episode 
of  this  decisive  battle,  but  of  the  war. 

When  this  painting  is  examined  by  the  educated  military  critic,  accustomed  to  extensive 
field  operations,  his  practiced  eye  will  readily  follow  the  evolutions  of  the  several  commands. 
He  will  discover  the  threatened  point  of  attack  and  understand  the  manner  of  defense. 
The  movements  of  the  exhausted  batteries  which  are  “limbering  to  the  rear,”  and 
of  those  which  go  thundering  to  the  front  will  be  readily  understood.  The  excited  infantry 
which  rush  in  to  the  combat,  —  the  cool  reserves  who  rest  on  their  arms,  — the  dashing 
horsemen  with  their  curious  pennants,  —  the  unarmed  prisoners  hurried  and  hurrying  to 
the  rear,  —  the  shattered  limber  and  wounded  horses, — the  puffs  of  smoke  from  cannon 
and  musketry,  and  exploding  shells  which  dot  the  scene,  tell  the  story  of  battle  in  lan¬ 
guage  familiar  to  the  soldier.  But  to  those  unacquainted  with  military  evolutions  and  battle 
scenes,  this  painting,  in  which  grand  pictorial  effects  have  been  designedly  sacrificed  to 
accuracy,  must  present  an  aspect  of  confusion.  For  this  reason,  the  accompanying  Key 
and  the  following  description  of  the  painting  have  been  prepared.  The  former  indicates 
every  point  of  interest  on  the  field  ;  the  latter  contains  a  description  of  the  battlefield ; 
a  brief  outline  of  events  of  the  three  days’  battle,  and  of  numerous  incidents  illustrated 
in  the  painting  ;  besides  an  appendix,  giving  extracts  from  the  official  reports  and  letters 

a.  Lieutenant-General  James  Longstreet  of  the  Confederate  army  spent  several  hours,  in  1868,  in 
Mr.  Walker’s  studio,  examining  this  painting,  not  then  completed.  After  looking  at  it  closely  for  some 
time,  he  turned  with  a  sad  smile  to  the  designer,  and  said  :  • — - 

“  Colonel,  there’s  where  I  came  to  grief.” 

“Yes,”  I  responded.  “I  have  called  your  assault  the  ‘tidal-wave,’  and  the  copse  of  trees  |V|  in  the 
center  of  the  picture,  the  ‘  high-water  mark  ’  of  the  rebellion.” 

“  You  said  rightly,”  he  responded.  “  We  were  successful  until  then.  From  that  point  we  retreated 
and  continued  to  recede,  and  never  again  made  successful  headway.” 


6 


GETTYSBURG  -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


of  the  commanders  on  both  sides,  fully  establishing  the  authenticity  of  the  painting.  All 
interest  in  it  must  depend  on  its  correctness  ;  and  to  establish  this,  the  key  and  description 
have  been  prepared.  But  the  interest  in  the  picture  will  be  largely  enhanced,  if  the 
reader  will  carefully  study  the  key  and  familiarize  himself  with  the  description. 

It  is  not  claimed  by  the  executor  of  this  painting  that  the  scenes  and  incidents  repre¬ 
sented  on  it  were  of  simultaneous  occurrence.  Indeed,  it  would  have  been  quite  impossible 
for  the  beholder  to  witness,  at  a  single  glance,  the  individual  operations  on  the  field  of  so 
many  thousands  of  men,  or  even  to  trace  the  movements  of  their  commanders.  In 
the  representation  of  all  historical  events,  the  artist’s  license  allows  him  to  select  and 
combine  such  episodes  as  will  best  convey  the  story  to  be  told.®  It  is  asserted,  however, 
that  every  movement  indicated  in  this  painting  was  enacted  during  the  consummation  of 
the  great  historical  event,  the  charge  and  repulse  of  Longstreet’s  command,  on  the 
afternoon  of  July  3,  1863.  When  the  reader  shall  have  familiarized  himself  with  the 
history  of  the  action,  as  deduced  from  the  subjoined  description,  and  extracts  contained  in 
the  appendix,  the  apparent  intricacies  of  the  painting  will  disappear,  and  he  will  have 
obtained  a  clear,  intelligible  idea  of  the  greatest  of  modern  battles,  and  the  most  daring 
of  military  movements. 

a.  As  an  illustration  — 

Major  Mitchell86*  is  represented  reporting  to  Major-General  Meade60  that  Major-General  Han¬ 
cock  49  has  been  wounded.  Yet,  by  reference  to  the  painting,  we  see  General  Hancock  represented  just 
falling  from  his  horse.  This  seeming  incongruity  is  adopted  because  the  act  of  falling  best  tells  the  story. 
Had  he  been  painted  lying  on  the  ground,  no  one  would  recognize  the  fact  of  his  being  wounded  ;  but,  as  it 
is,  it  is  apparent  to  all. 

*  The  figures  interspersed  through  the  book  refer  to  the  outline  Key  of  the  painting,  and  are  placed  in  two 
lines  above  it.  The  lower  line  refers  to  Union  troops  and  officers.  The  upper  line  to  the  Confederates.  The 
capital  letters  in  the  intermediate  space  refer  to  local  points  of  interest. 


Description  of  the  Battlefield. . 


The  important  local  points  of  interest  on  the  battlefield,  as  here  delineated,  demand 
our  first  attention,  as  necessary  to  the  comprehension  of  the  whole.  Let  the  reader  imagine 
himself  on  some  elevated  position  facing  the  west,  from  which  he  can  overlook  the  field  at 
half-past  three  o’clock  in  the  afternoon. 

Cemetery  Hill  Z,  a  prominent  elevation,  the  burying-place  of  the  town  of  Gettys¬ 
burg,  bounds  the  painting  on  the  right.  Round  Top  Mountain  D  is  at  the  extreme  left. 
Protruding  from  its  northern  face  is  a  bold  granite  spur,  popularly  known  as  Little  Round 
Top  B,  but  in  my  Isometrical  Drawing  of  the  field  I  have  called  it  Weed’s  Hill,  in  honor 
of  the  gallant  general  who  gave  his  life  in  its  defense.  The  low  ridge  connecting  Ceme¬ 
tery  Hill  and  Little  Round  Top,  along  which  the  Union  line  of  battle  was  formed  on  the 
third  day,  has  been  known,  since  the  battle,  by  the  general  name  of  Cemetery  Ridge. 
The  surface  between  Round  Top  and  Little  Round  Top  falls  away  into  a  depressed  ridge. 
The  portion  nearest  Little  Round  Top  occupied  by  General  Vincent’s  brigade,  on  July  2d, 
I  have  called  Vincent’s  Spur  C,  in  honor  of  the  officer  who  received  there  his  mortal 
wound.  Immediately  in  front  of  this  is  a  rocky  ravine  filled  with  immense  bowlders  and 
deep  chasms,  which  served  as  a  natural  work  of  defense  during  the  battle  of  the  second  day  ; 
it  is  now  known  as  the  Devil’s  Den  E.  Near  by  is  a  wheat  field  G,  an  inclosure  of  sev¬ 
eral  acres,  in  wffiich  wheat  was  standing  uncut  when  the  battle  began.  It  was  the  scene  of 
many  fierce  encounters,  and  its  name  will  always  be  identified  with  the  history  of  the  battle. 

At  Cemetery  Hill  the  ridge  terminates,  but  the  line  of  battle  made  a  sharp  turn  to  the 
east,  and  curved  in  southward  again  for  a  short  distance,  passing  over  another  elevation  known 
as  Culp’s  Hill.  This  part  of  the  line  is  not  shown  in  the  painting,  but  its  topography  is 
clearly  delineated,  and  the  positions  of  all  the  troops  are  laid  down  on  my  Isometrical 
Drawing  of  the  battlefield.  Looking  at  the  ridge  from  the  north,  it  has  the  general  form  of 
the  letter  J.  A  still  better  if  not  more  familiar  comparison  has  likened  it  to  a  fish  hook  ; 
Round  Top  being  the  head.  Cemetery  Ridge  the  shank.  Cemetery  Hill  the  hook  or  bend, 
and  Culp’s  Hill  the  point.  On  this  curiously  curved  ridge,  and  extending  from  Round 
Top  to  Culp’s  Hill,  was  the  line  of  battle  of  the  Union  army  on  July  3d.  Only  that  por¬ 
tion  of  the  line  from  Round  Top  to  Cemetery  Hill  is  shown  in  the  painting. 

Behind  and  beyond  Cemetery  Hill  a  portion  of  the  town  of  Gettysburg  is  seen  X. 
Near  the  town  is  also  seen  the  Pennsylvania  College  V,  used  as  a  Confederate  hospital 
during  and  after  the  battle. 

Opposite,  and  about  a  mile  due  west  from  Cemetery  Ridge  and  running  parallel  with 
it,  is  another  crest  formerly  called  Oak  Ridge,  but  since  the  battle  known  as  Seminary 
Ridge,  from  the  Theological  Seminary  Q  located  on  it.  This  crest  is  cleared  and  culti¬ 
vated  on  its  eastern  slope,  while  the  western  side  is  generally  covered  with  a  growth  of 
hardy  timber,  forming  an  admirable  cover  for  troops.  Along  the  greater  part  of  this 
ridge,  and  at  its  summit,  runs  a  strong  stone  wall  ;  behind  this,  and  under  cover  of  the 
woods,  the  Confederate  army  formed  its  line  of  battle  on  the  second  and  third  days  of  July. 
As  a  defensive  line,  military  minds  consider  it  nearly  or  quite  as  strong  as  that  held  by  the 


8 


GETTYSBURG 


DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


Union  troops.  The  portion  of  Seminary  Ridge  northwest  from  the  town  rises  into  quite 
an  elevation,  known  as  Oak  Hill  U.  This  was  the  central  point  of  the  first  day’s  battle, 
the  1st  corps  being  to  its  left,  and  the  I  ith  corps  on  the  right.  At  the  base  of  Oak  Hill, 
Seminary  Ridge  is  crossed  by  the  Mummasburg  turnpike  T,  leading  from  the  northwest 
into  the  town.  Farther  to  the  south  the  ridge  is  intersected  by  an  unfinished  railroads, 
whose  embankments  and  cuts  formed  an  admirable  protection  for  the  contending  forces  on 
the  first  day  of  the  battle.  Seventy-five  yards  to  the  left,  and  parallel  to  the  railroad,  runs 
the  Chambersburg  turnpike  R.  The  Millerstown  or  Fairfield  road  P  crosses  the  ridge 
three  hundred  yards  south  of  the  Chambersburg  turnpike.  The  Theological  Seminary  Q 
is  located  on  the  crest  between  these  two  roads. 

Between  Cemetery  and  Seminary  ridges  runs  diagonally  an  intermediate  crest,  on 
which  is  the  Emmettsburg  road  L.  It  commences  in  front  of  and  near  Cemetery  Hill,  and 
is  lost  in  Seminary  Ridge  at  a  distance  of  two  and  a  half  miles.  Cemetery  Ridge,  on 
which  lay  the  Elnion  army,  and  Seminary  Ridge,  on  which  the  Confederates  were 
posted,  with  this  intermediate  ridge  (called  by  some  historians  Sickles’  Ridge,  because  a 
portion  of  General  Sickles’  corps  on  the  second  day  was  engaged  here),  formed,  looking 
from  the  north,  an  inverted  letter  N  5  looking  from  the  position  which  the  artist  occupied, 
Te  three  ridges  form  the  letter  Z-  On  this  intermediate  ridge  are  several  points  of  inter¬ 
est.  Midway  between  the  town  X  and  the  intersection  of  the  ridge  with  Seminary  Ridge 
is  a  small  brick  house,  known  as  Cordora’s  house  K.  It  marks  the  place  at  which,  on  July 
1st,  Reynolds’  1st  corps  left  the  Emmettsburg  road,  and  moved  diagonally  across  to 
Seminary  Ridge.  It  was  the  scene  of  severe  fighting  between  portions  of  Gibbon’s 
Union  and  Anderson’s  Confederate  troops,  on  July  2d,  and  around  it  surged  the  masses 
of  Pickett’s  division  in  their  advance  on  the  Union  lines  on  July  3d.  Five  hundred 
yards  to  the  left  of  this  is  an  apple  orchard  J,  near  a  farmhouse  occupied  by  General 
Humphreys  as  headquarters  on  July  2d.  Further  on  is  another  brick  house  and  a  peach 
orchard  H,  the  property  of  a  Mr.  Sherfey.  Some  of  the  most  severe  fighting  of  the  battle 
took  place  here.  Along  this  ridge,  from  near  Cordora’s  house  K  to  the  peach  orchard  H, 
and  thence  refused  through  the  wheat  field  G  to  Devil’s  Den  E,  the  line  of  battle  of  .he 
3d  corps.  General  Sickles,  was  posted  on  July  2d.  Major-General  Humphreys’  division 
formed  the  right  of  the  line,  and  extended  along  the  ridge  nearly  to  the  peach  orchard. 
Major-General  Birney’s  division  held  the  line  from  the  right  of  the  peach  orchard  to  Devil’s 
Den.  During  the  afternoon  of  July  2d,  Caldwell’s  division  of  the  2d  corps,  and  two 
brigades  of  Barnes’  division  of  the  5th  corps,  besides  two  brigades  of  Ayres’  division  of 
the  5th  corps,  and  McCandless’  brigade  of  the  5th  corps,  were  at  times  engaged  along 
the  left  of  the  same  line.  This  intermediate  ridge  was  also  occupied  on  July  3d  by  a 
large  force  of  Confederate  artillery. 

In  the  distance  of  the  picture  is  seen  the  line  of  South  Mountain. 


Fhe  First  Day  oj  the  Battle. 


Having  thus  carefully  studied  the  painting  with  the  aid  of  the  Key,  the  reader  will 
have  before  him  the  topography  of  the  entire  field  of  operations,  save  those  on  the  right, 
and  will  be  able  to  understand  the  events  of  each  action. 

“  Up  from  the  south,  at  break  of  day,”  on  June  30th,  Buford’s  cavalry  advanced 
by  the  Emmettsburg  road  L,  and  passing  through  Gettysburg,  at  noon  moved  out  on  the 
Chambersburg  turnpike  R,  and  bivouacked  for  the  night  beyond  the  western  slope  of 
Seminary  Ridge,  covering  his  front  from  the  Fairfield  road  P  on  his  left,  along  Oak  Hill 
U  to  the  Harrisburg  road  on  his  right.  On  the  same  day  Lee’s  corps  were  advancing 
by  the  Chambersburg,  Carlisle,  and  York  roads,  to  concentrate  at  Gettysburg.  Their 
advanced  troops  encountered  Buford’s  cavalry  early  on  the  morning  of  July  1st;  the 
first  gun 164  of  the  Confederates,  posted  at  Herr’s  tavern  on  the  Chambersburg  road, 
being  responded  to  by  Tidballs’  battery  A,  2d  U.  S.94  on  McPherson’s  Ridge,  and 
the  battle  commenced.  Buford’s  troops  held  the  Confederates  in  check  until  the  1st 
corps,  commanded  by  Major-General  Doubleday  (General  Reynolds  commanded  the 
right  wing  of  the  army,  though  personally  accompanying  the  1st  corps),  advancing  by 
the  Emmettsburg  road  L,  debouched  at  Cordora’s  house  K,  and  rapidly  crossing  the  fields, 
took  up  a  line  or  battle  near  the  Seminary  Q,  beyond  Seminary  Ridge.  At  a  later  period 
in  the  day,  the  I  ith  corps  advanced  likewise  from  the  south,  leaving  one  division  under 
General  Stein  wehr,1'0  as  a  reserve,  on  Cemetery  Hill  Z  ;  the  two  remaining  divisions, 
under  Generals  Barlow  and  Schimmelphennig,  took  up  a  position  immediately  north  of 
the  town  X.  In  the  woods,  to  the  left  and  front  of  the  Seminary  Q,  General  Reynolds 
fell.  The  locality  has  since  been  called  Reynolds’  Grove  0.  Major-General  Howard 
now  assumed  command  of  the  field,  and  General  Schurz  of  the  1  1  th  corps.  From  their 
positions,  these  two  small  corps  were  driven,  after  several  hours’  severe  fighting,  by  the 
corps  of  Hill  and  Ewell,  who  outnumbered  them  largely.  They  retired  through  the 
town  X  in  some  confusion,  large  numbers  being  captured  during  the  retreat,  but  were 
finally  rallied  on  Cemetery  Hill.  They  were  soon  after  re-enforced  by  the  12th  and  3d 
corps,  and  during  the  night  and  next  day  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  brought  into 
position  along  Cemetery  Ridge,  its  right  extending  to  Culp’s  Hill,  while  the  Confederate 
army  was  drawn  up  along  Seminary  Ridge,  and  in  and  to  the  northeast  of  the  town. 


A  GLIMPSE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 


The  Second  Day  of  the  Battle. 


The  morning  of  July  2d  was  occupied  by  the  enemy  in  reconnoissance,  in  which 
he  sought  the  weak  point  of  the  Union  line.  General  Sickles  advanced  his  corps,  and 
occupied  the  intermediate  ridge  along  which  runs  the  Emmettsburg  road  L.  His  line 
extended  from  near  Cordora’s  house  K  through  the  apple  orchard  J  to  the  peach 
orchard  H,  where  turning  and  leaving  the  ridge,  it  was  refused  through  the  wheat 
field  G  by  the  Devil’s  Den  E  to  the  foot  of  Round  Top.  Against  the  left  of  this  line 
Hood’s  division  of  Longstreet’s  corps  was  hurled  about  four  o’clock  on  the  afternoon  of 
July  2d.  Its  right  passed  beyond  the  left  of  the  line,  and  advancing  up  the  ravine,  was 
checked  by  Vincent’s  brigade  of  the  5th  corps  only  after  reaching  Vincent’s  Spur  C. 
Generals  Vincent  and  Weed  fell  in  this  desperate  struggle. 

McLaws’  division  followed  immediately  on  the  left  of  Hood’s,  and,  with  Hood’s 
left  brigades,  encountered  the  Union  troops  in  and  near  the  wheat  field  G.  Caldwell’s 
division,  of  the  2d  corps,  and  Tilton’s  and  Sweitzer’s  brigades,  of  Barnes’  division, 
of  the  5th  corps,  were  sent  to  General  Birney’s  assistance,  and  were  closely  engaged 
on  his  front  ;  and  subsequently  General  Ayres,  of  the  5  th  corps,  with  his  two  brigades 
of  regulars,  advanced  to  their  support.  But  the  line  having  been  pierced  at  the  peach 
orchard  H,  the  whole  force  was  taken  in  flank,  routed,  and  forced  from  the  position, 
followed  by  the  Confederate  troops  ;  they  were  checked,  however,  by  a  heavy  musketry 
fire  from  McCandless’  brigade,  of  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  posted  on  the  northern  slope 
of  Little  Round  Top  B,  and  fell  back  to  the  wheat  field  G,  followed  by  the  “  Reserves,” 
supported  by  Nevins’  brigade  of  the  6th  corps.  In  the  mean  time  Barksdale’s  brigade 
supported  by  Wofford’s  brigade,  both  of  McLaws’  division,  had  attacked  and  carried 
the  salient  at  the  peach  orchard  H,  thus  cutting  Sickles’  line  in  twain.  Humphreys’ 
division  was  attacked  on  its  left  and  front  by  Barksdale’s  brigade,  followed  by  Wilcox’s 
and  Wright’s  brigades  of  Anderson’s  division,  and  Birney’s  division  on  its  right  by 
McLaws’  division,  and  though  re-enforced  by  the  troops  from  the  2d  and  5th  corps, 
as  before  mentioned,  the  whole  line  was  forced  back  to  Cemetery  Ridge,  where  the 
Confederates  were  repulsed  by  troops  from  the  2d  and  3d  corps  (and  McCandless’ 
brigade  on  the  left,  as  before  mentioned),  and  held  until  Robinson’s  and  Doubleday’s 
divisions  of  the  1st  corps  and  Lockwood’s  brigade  of  the  12th  corps  had  been  rapidly 
formed  in  prolongation  of  Hancock’s  line,  presenting  a  barrier  which  the  Confederates 
hesitated  to  attack. 

General  Sickles  was  severely  wounded,  losing  a  leg  near  the  wheat  field  G,  and 
the  casualties  among  brigade  commanders  were  unusually  heavy:  General  Zook58  and 
Colonels  Cross52  and  Willard  48_a  were  killed.  Colonel  Brooke  56  was  wounded  ;  and 
General  Graham  was  wounded  near  the  peach  orchard  H,  and  taken  prisoner.  The 
action  ended  on  the  left  at  dusk,  with  an  indefinite  advantage  for  the  Confederates.  As 
the  day  closed,  two  other  attacks  of  no  mean  proportions  were  made  on  the  Union  line. 
One  on  East  Cemetery  Hill  defended  by  several  batteries,  supported  by  Ames’  division 
of  the  I  Ith  corps.  Hayes’  and  Hoke’s  brigades  of  Early’s  division  attacked  this  posi- 


f 


ENGAGEMENT  ON  THE  LEFT-CENTER  AND  RIGHT.  II 

tion  with  the  greatest  fury,  capturing  Wiedrick’s  battery  and  spiking  two  of  Rickett’s 
guns,  but  were  soon  afterward  driven  off  by  Carroll’s  brigade  and  other  troops  hurried 
to  the  scene.  At  nearly  the  same  time  Johnson’s  division  advanced  upon  the  Union 
line  at  Culp’s  Hill,  which  had  been  held  by  Geary’s  and  Ruger’s  divisions,  and  Lock- 
wood’s  brigade  of  the  12th  corps,  the  whole  covered  by  fine  intrenchments.  When  the 
3d  corps  was  driven  in  on  the  left,  and  fears  were  felt  for  the  safety  of  the  main  line. 
General  Meade  directed  General  Slocum,  commanding  the  right  wing,  to  detach  a  por¬ 
tion  of  the  1  2th  corps  not  yet  engaged,  and  send  it  to  that  point.  General  Williams, 
commanding  the  corps,  moved  at  once  with  his  own  division,  temporarily  commanded 
by  General  Ruger,  and  Lockwood’s  brigade,  and  subsequently  sent  for  two  brigades 
of  Geary’s  division,  thus  leaving  Greene’s  brigade  alone  to  hold  a  line  intended  to 
be  defended  by  a  whole  corps.  They  had  hardly  left  their  works  when  Johnson’s 
division  advanced  to  the  attack.  The  position  was  stoutly  defended  by  General 
Greene’s  brigade,  re-enforced  by  a  few  troops  from  the  1st  and  11th  corps,  and 
against  no  portion  of  his  line  did  Johnson  make  any  headway,  but  veering  to  his  left 
he  discovered  and  occupied  the  tenantless  works  just  vacated  ;  although  the  darkness, 
which  had  now  come  on,  prevented  him  from  knowing  the  full  value  of  his  success.  He 
had  obtained  a  foothold  immediately  in  the  rear  of  the  main  line  of  battle  of  the  Union 
army,  and  within  a  few  hundred  yards  of  General  Meade’s  headquarters,  at  which 
all  the  corps  commanders  were  in  council,  with  no  troops  intervening. 

During  the  night  the  position  of  Sickles  was  occupied  by  General  Lee  with  both 
artillery  and  infantry.  Still  the  main  line  of  the  Union  army  had  nowhere  been  pene¬ 
trated  during  the  day,  except  at  Culp’s  Hill. 


GENERAL  HANCOCK  COMMANDING  LEFT  CENTER  AT  GETTYSBURG. 


‘ The  'Third  Day  of  the  Battle . 


The  first  hours  of  dawn  on  July  3d  were  devoted  to  driving  Ewell  from  the  works 
seized  by  him  on  Culp’s  Hill,  which  was  accomplished  after  a  heavy  cannonade  by  the 
artillery,  followed  by  severe  fighting  on  the  part  of  the  12th  corps,  re-enforced  by  General 
Shaler’s  brigade  of  the  6th  corps,  which  lasted  several  hours.  Ruger’s  division,  consist¬ 
ing  of  McDougall’s  and  Colgrove’s  brigades,  which  with  Lockwood’s  independent 
brigade,  and  Candy’s  and  Kane’s  brigades,  of  Geary’s  division,  had  returned  during  the 
night  ;  the  latter  brigade  in  time  to  participate  at  the  close  of  the  engagement. 

From  this  time  until  one  o’clock  in  the  afternoon  there  was  no  general  fighting.  Gen¬ 
eral  Lee  was  preparing  for  the  grand  assault  on  which  he  based  his  hopes  of  carrying  the 
Union  position,  and  severing  the  Union  army,  sweep  it  from  the  field.  The  Confederates 
lay  mainly  along  Seminary  Ridge,  Hood’s  division  holding  the  right  wing  “  being  advanced 
to  the  woods  in  front  of  Round  Top  D.  Law’s  130  and  Anderson’s  127  brigades  had 
moved  on  the  3d  to  the  extreme  right  to  watch  Kilpatrick’s  cavalry,47  with  which  they 
were  engaged  late  in  the  afternoon,  beyond  and  in  front  of  Round  TopD  b.  Hood’s 
line  consisted  of  Law’s,1300  Roberton’s,126^  Anderson’s,127  0  and  Benning’s  128/  brigades. 
General  Hood  was  wounded  on  the  afternoon  of  the  2d,  and  his  division  was  com¬ 
manded  on  the  3d  by  General  Robertson.  McLaws’  division,  on  his  left,  extended 
northward  across  the  country  road  leading  from  the  Emmettsburg  road  at  the  peach 
orchard  H,  westerly  toward  Fairfield. 9  His  line  consisted  of  Kershaw’s,120*  Barks¬ 
dale’s,1381  Wofford’s,132-'’  and  Semmes’  1314  brigades.  On  McLaws’ left  was  Anderson’s 
division,  consisting  of  Wilcox’s,  1351  Perry’s,137”4  Wright’s,151'4  Posey’s,1480  and  Ma- 
hone’s  Ubp  brigades  ;  the  two  former  in  an  advanced  position,  under  orders  to  cover  the 
right  of  the  assaulting  column ;  the  others  remained  behind  the  crest  of  Seminary 
Ridge. 

General  Pickett’s  division  of  Longstreet’s  corps  arrived  in  the  field  on  the  morning 
of  July  3d,5,  and,  not  having  been  previously  engaged,  was  selected  to  form  the  right 
wing  of  the  assaulting  column,®  the  left  being  composed  of  troops  from  Hill’s  corps. 
Pickett’s  division  consisted  of  three  brigades  of  Virginia  troops,  under  Generals 

a.  Longstreet’s  report. 

b.  Verbal  statement  of  General  Hood. — Verbal  statement  of  the  officers  of  the  15th  Alabama  regiment. 

c.  Law’s  brigade,130  4th,  15th,  44th,  47th,  and  48th  Alabama. 

d.  Robertson’s  brigade,126  1st,  4th,  and  51st  Texas,  and  3d  Arkansas. 

e.  Anderson’s  brigade,127  7th,  8th,  9th,  11th,  and  59th  Georgia. 

f.  Benning’s  brigade,128  2d,  15th,  17th,  and  20th  Georgia. 

g.  Statement  of  General  Wofford. 

h.  Kershaw’s  brigade,129  2d,  3d,  7th,  8th,  and  15th  South  Carolina. 

i.  Barksdale’s  brigade,138  13th,  17th,  18th,  and  21st  Mississippi. 

j.  Wofford’s  brigade,132  16th,  18th,  and  24th  regiments,  Cobb’s  legion,  and  Phillips’  legion,  Georgia. 

k.  Semmes’  brigade,131  10th,  50th,  51st,  and  53d  Georgia. 

/.  Wilcox’s  brigade,135  8th,  9th,  10,  nth,  and  14th  Alabama. 

vi.  Perry’s  brigade,137  2d,  5th,  and  8th  Florida. 

n.  Wright’s  brigade,151  2d,  3d,  22d,  48th,  and  2d  battalion,  Georgia. 

o.  Posey’s  brigade,148  12th,  16th,  19th,  and  48th  Mississippi. 

p.  Mahone’s  brigade,145  6th,  12th,  1  6th,  41st,  and  6 1  st  Virginia. 

q.  Statement  of  Colonel  Harrison,  General  Pickett’s  adjutant-general. 


GETTYSBURG  -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


H 

Kemi’ER,143®  Garnett,1506  and  Armistead. 15:30  The  two  first  named  formed  the  front  line  ; 
Armistead  held  the  second. d  Heth’s  division  of  Hill’s  corps,  commanded  by  General 
Pettigrew, d  formed  the  left  wing.  Archer’s  160c  brigade,  of  Tennessee  and  Alabama 
troops,  commanded  by  Colonel  Frye,  held  its  right,  and  joined  on  Garnett’s  left. 
Brockenborough’s  Virginia  brigade  172/  held  the  left  of  Pettigrew’s  command,  while  his 
own  brigade  of  North  Carolinians, 155?  commanded  on  this  occasion 'by  Colonel  Marshall, 
was  on  the  right-center,  and  Davis’  Mississippi  brigade,160 h  on  the  left-centre.  These 
troops  formed  the  first  line  of  the  left  wing  of  the  assaulting  column.  The  second  line, 
commanded  by  Major-General  Trimble,  formed  in  rear  of  Pettigrew’s  right/3  Scales’ 
North  Carolina  brigade,1564  commanded  by  Colonel  Lourance,  held  its  right/  and  Lane’s 
North  Carolina  brigade,16'*  the  left. 

Thomas’  North  and  McGowan’s  South  Carolina  brigades,  of  Pender’s  division. 
Hill’s  corps,  had  been  advanced  the  night  before  to  a  narrow  road  leading  from  the  town 
to  Bliss’  buildings  N,3  and  being  covered  by  the  intermediate  ridge,  and  in  a  favorable  posi¬ 
tion  to  protect  the  left  wing  of  the  assaulting  column,  remained  there,  with  Thomas’ 
brigade166"4  on  the  right,  and  McGowan’s  brigade,171'4  commanded  by  Colonel  Perrin, 
on  the  left.  On  the  latter’s  left,  nearer  town,  w^as  Ramseur’s  brigade  17:30  of  North 
Carolina  troops,  and,  in  succession,  the  other  brigades  of  Rodes’  division. 

The  massing  of  the  artillery  to  cover  the  grand  assault  was  on  a  no  less  formidable 
scale.  Guns  were  placed  on  every  available  position  ;  which  are  indicated  in  the  painting 
by  puffs  of  smoke  seen  along  Seminary  Ridge  to  Oak  Hill  U,  and  in  the  key  by  the 
usual  figures/’  Henry’s  battalion  of  artillery1'149,  held  the  Confederate  right,  represented 
in  the  painting  over  and  beyond  the  peach  orchard  H.  On  his  left  was  Alexander’s 
battalion,1'’'1”'  at  and  in  rear  of  the  peach  orchard.  On  the  left  of  Alexander  was 
F.shleman’s  battalion1"0"  (the  Washington  artillery  of  New  Orleans).  Next  came 
Dearing’s  battalion.1403  The  two  last  named  were  within  close  range  of  the  Union 
lines,  and  their  fire  proved  very  destructive.  They  are  represented  in  the  painting  on  the 
intermediate  ridge  between  Cordora’s  house  K  and  the  apple  orchard  J.  On  the  left  of 


a.  Kemper’s  brigade,143  ist,  3d,  7th,  nth,  and  24th  Virginia. 

b.  Garnett’s  brigade,  8th,  1  8th,  19th,  28th,  and  56th  Virginia. 

c.  Armistead’s  brigade,  9th,  14th,  38th,  53d,  and  57th  Virginia. 

d.  Longstreet’s  report. 

e.  Archer’s  brigade,160  1st,  7th,  and  14th  Tennessee,  5th  and  13th  Alabama. 

f  Brockenborough’s  brigade,17-  40th,  47th,  and  55th,  and  22d  battalion,  Virginia. 

g.  Pettigrew’s  brigade,' 133  nth,  26th,  47th,  and  52d  North  Carolina. 

h.  Davis’  brigade,  2d,  nth,  and  42d  Mississippi,  and  55th  North  Carolina.  (A  large  number  of  the 
2d  and  42d  were  taken  prisoners  at  the  railroad  cut  j  on  the  first  day.  ) 

i.  Scales’  (Lourance’s)  brigade,156  13th,  1 6th,  22d,  34th,  and  38th  North  Carolina. 

j.  Report  of  Scales’  brigade. 

k.  Lane’s  report.  Lane’s  brigade,167  7th,  1 8th ,  28th,  33d,  and  37th  North  Carolina. 

/.  Burned  by  order  of  General  Hays  just  previous  to  the  cannonade.  Hays’  report. 

ni.  Thomas’  brigade,168  14th,  35th,  45th,  and  49th  Georgia. 

n.  McGowan’s  brigade,171  ist,  12th,  13th,  14th,  and  Orr’s  Rifles,  South  Carolina. 

o.  Ramseur’s  brigade,  2d,  4th,  14th,  and  30th  North  Carolina. 

p.  The  batteries  in  the  subjoined  reference  have  been  arranged  from  the  reports  of  the  several  bat¬ 
talion  commanders,  and  if  any  have  been  omitted,  it  rhay  arise  from  the  fact  that  they  were  not  written  for 
publication. 

q.  Henry’s  battalion 134  was  composed  of  Reilly’s  and  Latham’s  batteries  (and  probably  others, 
though  not  mentioned  in  Major  Henry’s  report  1. 

r.  Alexander’s  battalion,136  composed  of  Moody’s,  Taylor’s,  Rhett’s,  Parker’s,  Jordan’s,  and 
Woolfolk’s  batteries. 

s.  Eshleman’s  battalion  1111  was  composed  of  Miller’s,  Norcom’s,  and  Richardson’s  batteries. 

t.  Dearing’s  battalion140  was  composed  of  Stribling’s,  Miller’s,  Macon’s,  Caskie’s,  and  Blout’s 
batteries. 


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GETTYSBURG -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


1 6 

Dearinc/s  was  Cabell’s  battalion,144'1  which  on  the  painting  is  seen  beyond  and  in  range 
of  the  copse  of  trees  M.  Poague’s  battalion  1406  was  placed  next  in  the  line,  and  in  suc¬ 
cession  Garnett’s,1520  PEGRAM’s,157d  Lane’s,158"110  and  McIntosh’ s1,>9/  battalions,  and 
Happ’s, 181  Smith’s,162  Watson’s,163  and  Cunningham’s  165  batteries  of  Dana’s  9  battalion, 
which  filled  the  line  to  the  railroad  S.  On  Oak  Hill  U  Lieutenant-General  A.  P.  Hill 
caused  to  be  planted  two  Armstrong  guns,  of  Rice’s  battery,  McIntosh’s  battalion, 
which  during  the  battle  distributed  their  bolts  from  Cemetery  Hill  Z  to  Round  Top  D. 
In  this  line  the  Confederates  had  nearly  150  guns/1  Holding  the  periphery  of  the  circle, 
they  were  enabled  by  a  concentration  of  fire  upon  any  one  point  to  bring  thrice  as 
many  guns  to  bear  upon  it  as  could  be  used  in  reply.  As  it  was,  the  Confederate  line 
actually  held  nearly  twice  as  many  guns  as  were  in  the  Union  line,  which  mounted  only 
about  100  pieces,1  all  that  could  be  placed  in  position. 


THE  CANNONADE. 

It  was  not  until  one  o’clock  in  the  afternoon  that  the  dreadful  preparations  for  the 
attack  were  completed  ;  but  at  that  hour  at  a  given  signal  the  preliminary  bombardment 
intended  to  cover  the  assault  was  opened/"  This  cannonading  from  nearly  250  guns  con¬ 
tinued  uninterruptedly  for  two  hours.  During  this  terrible  duel  the  Union  troops  crouched 
behind  their  rude  breastworks,  and  such  other  slight  cover  as  they  could  find  behind  outcrop¬ 
ping  rocks  and  the  undulations  of  the  surface,  tightly  grasping  the  musket  on  which  they  knew 
they  must  finally  depend.  Many  caissons*  and  limbers  of  artillery  were  exploded  on  both 
sides,  and  many,  very  many  casualties  occurred,  but  the  destruction  of  life  was  not  as 
great  as  might  naturally  be  expected  from  such  a  fearful  bombardment,  which  has  never  be¬ 
fore  been  equaled  on  this  continent,  if  in  the  world. 


THE  CHARGE  AND  REPULSE. 

Finally,  at  three  o’clock,  p.  m.,  the  cannonade  ended,  and  the  order  was  given  for  the 
grand  assault.  Pickett  and  Pettigrew  advanced  simultaneously,  followed  by  Trimble’s 
command.  The  gallant  conduct  of  the  Confederate  troops  during  this  celebrated  attack 


a.  Cabell’s  battalion  144  was  composed  of  Frazer’s,  Manly’s,  McCarthy’s,  and  Carlton’s  batteries. 

b.  Poague’s  battalion  149  comprised  Vozatt’s,  Graham’s,  Ward’s,  and  Brooks’  batteries. 

c.  Garnett’s  battalion.152  Maurin’s  and  Lewis’  batteries  are  the  only  ones  mentioned  by  name  in 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Garnett’s  report,  though  he  speaks  of  nine  rifled  guns  being  in  position  under  Major 
Richardson. 

d.  Pegram’s  battalion,157  comprising  Manye’s,  Brander’s,  Zimmerman’s,  and  McGraw’s  batteries. 

e.  Lane’s  battalion15**-11  was  composed  of  Ross’,  Wingfield’s,  and  Patterson’s  batteries. 

f  McIntosh’s  battalion 159  was  composed  of  Rice’s,  Johnson’s,  and  Hart’s  batteries.  In  Hart’s 
were  two  Armstrong  guns.179 

g.  Dana  s  battalion,  comprising  Graham’s,  Dana’s  (Lieutenant  Cunningham  commanding),  Wat¬ 
son’s,  193  Smith’s,192  and  Happ’s  batteries. 191 

h.  Report  of  General  Pendleton,  Confederate  chief  of  artillery,  corroborated  by  reports  of  each  artillery 
battalion  commander. 

7.  1  he  report  of  General  Hunt,  chief  of  the  Union  artillery,  gives  seventy-five  guns  on  the  western 
crest  of  Cemetery  Ridge,  without  enumerating  those  on  Cemetery  Hill  1.  Major  Osborne’s  report,  chief  of 
the  eleventh  corps  artillery,  places  in  position  on  the  hill  the  batteries  of  Taft,  5th  New  York  (Independ¬ 
ent)  5  Dilger,  I,  1st  Ohio  ;  Bancroft,  G,  4th  United  States  5  Eakin,  H,  1st  United  States;  Wheeler, 
13th  New  V  ork  (Independent)  ;  Hill,  C,  1st  Virginia  ;  and  Captain  Edgell,  1st  New  Hampshire,  reports 
his  battery  there.  Several  of  these  batteries  suffered  severely  during  the  two  previous  days,  having  guns  dis¬ 
abled,  and  others  may  not  have  been  engaged  all  the  time  ;  but  I  think  twenty-five  guns  a  fair  estimate,  which 
would  increase  the  number  to  one  hundred. 

j.  Pendleton’s  report. 

k.  See  McGilvery’s  brigade,29  on  the  painting. 


THE  ASSAULT  AND  REPULSE. 


has  universally  received  the  highest  praise  fnom  the  Union  commanders. a  Pickett’s 
V  irginia  troops  were  fresh  in  the  field,  and  much  better  protected  in  their  advance  by  the 
undulations  of  the  surface  than  those  of  Pettigrew  on  his  left,  while  Pettigrew  and 
Trimble’s  commands,  the  first  to  break,5  had  suffered  the  demoralizing  disadvantage  of 
having  lost  fearfully  in  the  first  day’s  battle.  It  is  not  strange  that  they  broke  before 
reaching  the  Union  lines  ;  the  great  wonder  is  that  they  succeeded  in  advancing  as  far  as 
they  did. 

The  advance  of  more  than  1,300  yards  was  not  distinguished  by  that  dash  and 
enthusiasm  which  usually  characterize  an  infantry  charge.  Slowly  but  determinedly0 
they  moved  forward,  notwithstanding  each  man  knew  every  step  brought  him  nearer 
“the  jaws  of  death.”  For  the  first  half  of  the  distance  a  deadly  silence  reigned,  save 
an  occasional  shot  from  some  gunner  who  was  not  impressed  with  the  awful  solemnity 
of  the  scene.  It  was  not  until  half  across  the  plain  d  that  they  encountered  the  fire  of 
the  Union  artillery,  but  against  which,  as  a  man  presses  against  a  blinding  storm,  they 
moved  steadily  on  as  if  impelled  by  a  will  greater  than  their  own,  some  mighty,  un¬ 
seen  power  which  they  could  not  resist.  Solid  shot  plowed  through  their  ranks,  spherical- 
case  rattled  in  their  midst,  and  canister  swept  them  by  hundreds  from  the  field.  Yet 
on  they  pressed  unflinchingly. 

Presently  the  Union  infantry  opened,  and  for  a  moment  they  staggered,  halted,  and 
returned  the  fire,  and  then  with  a  wild  “  yell”  they  dashed  on  to  their  dreadful  doom. 
The  left  of  the  column  crossed  the  Emmettsburg  road  not  more  than  180  yards  from  the 
Union  line.  This  road  was  enclosed  by  two  stout,  high  “post  and  rail”  fences,  which 
tended  materially  to  break  the  line,0  but  notwithstanding  this  serious  obstruction,  and  the 
destructive  fire  to  which  they  were  exposed,  the  attacking  forces  still  advanced,  delivering 
a  rapid  and  deadly  discharge  of  musketry  as  they  moved.  But  no  troops  could  resist  the  fear¬ 
ful  fire  which  opposed  them.  They  could  not  reach  the  wall  and  live.  The  left  wing 
wras  the  first  to  break.  It  was  exposed  to  a  raking  flank  fire  of  canister,  and  a  heavy 
front and  flank  fire  of  musketry.3  Many  fled  in  confusion  to  the  rear,  losing  as  heavily 
in  their  retreat  as  their  advance,  being  followed  nearly  to  the  Emmettsburg  road  by  the  en¬ 
thusiastic  regiments  on  the  right  of  Hays’  division.  Others  forced  to  their  right,  by  the 
terrible  fire  on  their  left,*  united  with  the  right  wing  still  advancing/  and  finally  joined 
it  in  its  attack  on  Webb’s  front,  while  thousands  threw  down  their  arms  and  came  quietly 
in  as  prisoners,  where  they  had  vainly  tried  to  go  as  victors.  The  right  wing  was  par¬ 
tially  covered  in  its  advance  by  Cordora’s  house  K,  and  several  rocky  knolls  covered  with 
low  scrub-oak  growth,  behind  which  the  troops  re-formed,  and  finally  advanced  on 
Webb’s  line.3’  His  center  was  broken  and  his  guns  captured,  but  the  captors  soon  found 
themselves  captives.  All  who  crossed  the  wall  in  Webb’s  front  remained  either  dead, 
dving,  or  prisoners.  The  Union  troops  by  a  simultaneous  attack  closed  in  upon  the  assault¬ 
ing  column,  and  captured  all  who  did  not  seek  safety  in  flight.*  Thousands  threw 

a.  Hancock’s,  Hunt’s,  Hays’,  Gibbons’,  Webb’s,  Newton’s,  Stannard’s,  and  other  reports. 

b.  Longstreet’s  report. 

c.  Union  reports. 

d.  Reports  of  General  Davis,  Archer’s  brigade,  Pettigrew’s  brigade,  Pender’s  division. 

e.  Report  of  Archer’s  brigade. 

f.  Report  of  General  Hays. 

<t.  Report  of  Pettigrew’s  and  Lane’s  brigades. 

h.  Report  of  Colonel  Sawyer,  8th  Ohio  volunteers. 

i.  Report  of  General  Hancock. 

j.  Reports  of  Hancock,  Hunt,  Gibbon,  Webb,  Harrow,  etc.  See  Webb’s  letter. 

fc,  Considerable  effort  has  been  made  to  discover  who  first  ordered  a  flank  attack,  but  it  will  probably  be 


i  8 


GETTYSBURG 


DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


themselves  on  the  ground  for  protection  from  the  terrible  fire  which  hemmed  them  in,  or 
held  up  their  hands  in  token  of  surrender.3  By  four  o’clock  the  repulse  was  complete 
and  the  victory  won.  General  Anderson  142  ordered  up  Wright’s  brigade1'"1  to  attack 
as  a  relief  to  Pickett,  but  General  Longstreet  141  directed  him  to  stop  the  movement, 
remarking  “that  it  was  useless  and  would  only  involve  unnecessary  loss,  the  assault  hav¬ 
ing  failed.”5  General  Longstreet  then  ordered  General  Wright,  with  all  his  officers 
and  a  portion  of  his  own  staff,  to  rally  and  collect  the  scattered  troops  behind  Ander¬ 
son’s  division.5  In  the  assault  General  Garnett  150  had  been  killed.  General  Armis- 
tead,146  and  it  was  thought  General  Kemper,143  were  mortally  wounded  ;  Generals 
Trimble158  and  Pettigrew, 15j  commanding  divisions.  Colonels  Frye,  Marshall,  and 
Lourance,  brigade  commanders,  and  thousands  of  others  lay  bleeding  on  the  field.  Color- 
bearers  and  color-guards  had  fallen,  and  twenty-seven  of  their  blood-stained  flags  re¬ 
mained  in  the  hand  of  the  victors.0 

General  Wilcox’s  command 135>  1:17  continued  to  advance  on  Pickett’s  right,  and  as  he 
passed  Dearing’s  artillery 140  and  saw  nothing  of  Pickett’s  column,  which  had  been 
literally  obliterated,  he  supposed  it  had  pierced  the  Union  lines,  now  enveloped  in  smoke, 
and  passed  over  the  crest. d  Soon  he  learned  his  mistake.  His  men  finding  themselves 
the  center  of  a  cross-fire  of  artillery  from  the  flanks,1’26’59’1226  and  a  front  fire  of  musketry 
from  the  14th  Vermont  volunteers,50  dashed  madly  forward,  and  with  the  instinct  of  old 
soldiers  sought  the  cover  of  a  rocky  ravine  filled  with  trees  and  undergrowth.  The  I  6th 
Vermont  volunteers  63  moved  down  this  ravine,  supported  by  four  companies  of  the  14th 
Vermont,50  and  attacking  Wilcox  in  flank,  captured  a  large  part  of  his  command,  particularly 
from  the  Florida  brigade,  while  the  remainder  fell  back.  This  was  the  closing  scene  of 
the  most  daring  military  movement  recorded  in  modern  warfare. 


shown  that  the  necessity  for  it  was  apparent  to  every  military  mind,  and  that  the  startling  exigencies  of  the 
emergency  prompted  them  to  its  execution.  General  Hancock  in  his  official  report  says  :  “  Passing  at  this 
time,  Colonel  Devereux,  comamnding  the  19th  Massachusetts  volunteers,  anxious  to  be  in  the  right  place, 
applied  to  me  for  permission  to  move  his  regiment  to  the  right  and  front,  where  the  line  had  been  broken.  I 
granted  it,  and  his  regiment  and  Colonel  Mallon’s  4id  New  York  volunteers  on  his  right  proceeded  there 
at  once.”  In  the  winter  of  1863,  while  visiting  the  army,  I  was  told  by  the  commanding  officer  of  the  19th 
Maine  volunteers,  that  General  Gibbon  was  wounded  while  directing  that  regiment  to  wheel  out  of  line  to 
give  a  flank  fire  (it  subsequently  retired  from  its  right,  and  attacked  the  enemy  in  connection  with  the  19th 
Massachusetts  and  4id  New  York).  I  have  in  my  possession  a  private  Tetter  from  Lieut.  W.  E.  Barrows  of 
Colonel  Hall’s  staft,  bearing  on  its  face  unmistakable  evidence  of  truth,  stating  that  Colonel  Hall  sent  him 
to  General  Newton  with  a  request  for  troops  to  put  in  on  the  enemy’s  flank.  General  Hancock  in  his 
report  speaks  of  having  sent  an  order  to  General  Stannard  to  throw  two  of  his  regiments  on  the  enemy’s 
right,  while  it  is  a  well-known  fact  that  General  Stannard  directed  the  same  movement  before  receiving  the 
order.  Subsequently  Major  Mitchell,  of  General  Hancock’s  staff,  issued  a  similar  order  on  his  own  re¬ 
sponsibility,  in  his  chief’s  name,  and  was  surprised  a  moment  after  to  see  General  Hancock  lying  wounded  on 
the  ground  before  him.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  proof  is  conclusive  that  the  same  happy  thought  originated 
simultaneously  in  several  minds. 

a.  General  Hancock’s  report. 

b.  General  Longstreet’ s  report. 

c.  General  Hancock  in  his  report  says:  “Each  division  has  been  credited  with  the  number  of  flags 
actually  turned  in,  and  for  which  receipts  are  held,  making  the  aggregate  twenty-seven.  There  were  un¬ 
doubtedly  thirty-three  colors  captured,  the  balance  having  been  secreted  as  individual  trophies.” 

d.  Report  of  Generals  Longstreet  and  Wilcox,  with  a  verbal  explanation  from  each  of  them. 

<?.  See  General  Wilcox’s  report. 


Description  of  the  Painting. 

It  was  the  exciting  scene  of  the  repulse  of  Longstreet’s  assault  which  was  chosen 
for  illustration,  and  which  Mr.  Walker,  the  celebrated  battle-scene  painter,  has  so  accu¬ 
rately  and  graphically  represented.  A  word  of  explanation  is  here  due  the  artist  who  has 
executed  this  painting.  It  differs  materially  from  ordinary  scenes  of  this  kind.  Usually, 
the  painter,  having  a  few  leading  incidents  of  a  battle  in  his  mind,  clothes  the  picture  with 
the  mystery  of  color  and  effect,  and  gives  an  imaginary,  rather  than  a  literal  rendition  of 
the  subject.  But,  in  the  production  of  this  picture,  Mr.  Walker  has  endeavored  to 
weave  into  an  harmonious  whole  the  prominent  incidents  and  episodes  of  this  portion 
of  the  battle,  and  has  never  resorted  to  fiction,  when  truth  would  do  as  well.  No 
stretch  of  the  imagination  has  been  indulged  in.  The  material  for  its  composition  was 
furnished  him  by  the  government  historian  of  the  battle  and  arranged  under  his  direction, 
and  should  any  mistakes  have  been  made,  they  are  the  historian’s  and  not  the  painter’s. 
The  artistic  rendering  of  the  subject  is  due  to  the  genius  of  Mr.  Walker  ;  that  the  execu¬ 
tion  is  highly  artistic,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  effect  has  been  sacrificed  in  many  instances 
to  accuracy,  the  ablest  art  critics  have  acknowledged. 

It  was  the  earnest  desire  and  purpose  of  the  proprietor  of  this  painting  to  avoid  the 
stereotyped  style  of  battle  pictures  taught  us  in  our  earliest  schoolbooks  and  other  illus¬ 
trated  works,  and  kept  up  during  the  war  by  the  illustrated  papers,  and  not  infrequently 
indulged  in  even  now  by  some  would-be  battle-scene  painters  of  the  present  day.  Such 
pictures  and  paintings,  in  which  giants  in  stature  struggle  in  fierce  hand-to-hand  conflicts, 
bayoneting,  or  dashing  each  other’s  brains  out,  may  possibly  resemble  the  conflicts  of 
the  middle  ages  ;  certainly  they  do  not  illustrate  the  general  features  of  modern  battles. 
Isolated  instances  of  men  being  bayoneted  may  have  occurred,  —  there  is  only  one  which 
now  occurs  to  me  ( that  of  the  death  of  Colonel  Jeffers,  of  the  Fourth  Michigan 
volunteers,  bayonted  while  defending  his  colors  against  the  attack  of  Wofford’s  bri¬ 
gade,  on  the  evening  of  July  2  )  on  record,  in  the  reports  of  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  ; 
but  such  rare  occurrences  do  not  form  an  entire  battle,  and  no  artist  is  warranted  in  thus 
educating  the  public  into  a  false  idea  of  modern  battles.  My  purpose  has  been  to  present 
a  truthful  representation  of  an  American  battle,  with  American  soldiers  contending,  as  they 
did  actually  contend. 

It  was  also  my  desire  that  the  troops  of  no  one  State  should  receive  any  undue  prom¬ 
inence  ;  and,  in  the  painting,  all  are  represented  with  equal  fairness.  When  General  Lee 
called  for  troops  to  storm  the  heights  of  Gettysburg,  the  sons  of  Virginia,  North  Caro¬ 
lina,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Florida,  Alabama,  Mississippi,  Tennessee,  Arkansas,  and 
Texas  responded,  and  moved  shoulder  to  shoulder  to  the  assault.  And,  when  the  nation’s 
life  was  thus  assailed,  her  defenders  from  every  Northern  State  sprang  to  the  rescue,  and 
mingled  their  blood  in  one  common  cause.  Side  by  side.  New  York  and  Massachu¬ 
setts  charged  on  the  foe  ;  the  sons  of  Maine  and  Minnesota,  Connecticut  and  Penn¬ 
sylvania,  New  Jersey  and  Delaware,  New  Hampshire  and  Vermont,  Ohio  and  Michi- 
gar,  Rhode  Island  and  Maryland,  Illinois  and  Wisconsin,  Indiana  and  West  Virginia, 
together  rushed  to  the  threatened  point.  In  a  word,  the  sons  of  every  Union-loving 


20 


GETTYSBURG - DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


State,  and  of  every  European  liberty-loving  nationality,  rallied  under  the  banner,  and  are 
equally  entitled  to  representation  in  this  great  National  Painting  of  the  culminating  struggle 
at  Gettysburg. 

The  success  of  the  effort  is  respectfully  submitted  to  the  veterans  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac. 

In  the  selection  of  a  foreground  for  this  painting,  I  chose  the  point  of  station  from 
which  to  best  represent  this  scene  ;  and,  also,  to  give  the  best  portrait  of  the  field  in  such 
a  clear  manner,  that  the  brave  men  who  fought  on  the  several  days  of  the  battle  might 
point  out  the  localities  of  their  various  engagements.  The  observer  is  supposed  to  bt 
elevated  in  rear  of  Cemetery  Ridge,  and  looking  westward  toward  the  Confederate  position. 

In  the  immediate  foreground  of  the  painting  are  represented  the  colors  of  Webb’s s'“ 
and  Hall’s806  brigades,  with  the  color-guard  and  headquarters  horses. 

The  group  at  the  immediate  left  is  formed  of  the  figures  of  Brigadier-General  Armis¬ 
tead146  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  Martin,147  of  the  Confederate  army, Captain  Bingham,75 
judge-advocate,  on  Major-General  Hancock’s  staff,  and  the  men  who  have  been  bearing 
the  wounded  general  to  the  rear.  General  Armistead  was  among  the  first  to  leap  the 
stone  wall  at  the  Union  line.S4  As  he  did  so,  he  drew  his  sword,  placed  his  hat  upon 
its  point,  raised  it  aloft  and  cried,  “  Boys,  we  must  use  the  cold  steel  ;  who  will  follow 
me?”  Lieutenant-Colonel  Martin  of  the  53d  Virginia  and  a  few  score  of  men 
sprang  after  him  over  the  wall.  They  advanced  but  a  few  paces  when  they  were  shot 
down  ;  Armistead  mortally,  and  Martin  seriously  wounded.  General  Armistead  sur¬ 
rendered  his  sword  and  pistols  to  Captain  Banes,88  of  General  Webb’s  staff,  who  directed 
him  to  be  carried  to  the  rear.  He  was  soon  after  met  by  Captain  Bingham,  of  General 
Hancock’s  staff,  just  returning  from  having  a  wound  dressed  at  the  hospital.  Seeing  the 
prisoner  to  be  an  officer  of  rank,  and  evidently  suffering  and  nearly  exhausted,  he  proffered 
his  assistance.  General  Armistead  gave  his  watch  and  spurs  to  Captain  Bingham, 
requesting  him  to  send  them  to  his  friends  through  General  Hancock.0  (  See  Painting.  } 

To  the  right  of  the  central  group80’  85  is  seen  the  figure  of  Major-General  George 
G.  Meade,00  the  commander-in-chief  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  accompanied  by  his  son, 
and  1  st  Lieutenant  R.  E.  McKenzie. d  When  the  assault  began  he  was  at  Major-General 
Slocum’s  headquarters,  on  Power’s  Hill,  a  half  mile  to  the  rear,  near  Culp’s  Hill,  but 
reached  this  position  on  the  field  as  it  w'as  repulsed.0  Major  Mitchell,86  aid-de-camp  to 
Major-General  Hancock,  met  him,' and  reported  that  officer  seriously  wounded.  He  also 
bore  a  report  of  the  state  of  the  engagement  from  General  Hancock. 

a.  69th, ,s  71st,8,1  72d,8,!  and  106th  Pennsylvania  volunteers.  The  latter  regiment,  except  one  com¬ 
pany,  was  ordered  to  report  to  Major-General  Howard  at  the  Cemetery,  on  the  night  of  the  2d,  where  it 
remained  until  the  close  of  the  battle. 

b.  7th  Michigan, (,;i  19th  and  20th  Massachusetts,71!  68  42d  and  59th  New  York  volunteers.73’  07 

c.  I  learned  the  full  particulars  of  this  assault  from  Lieutenant-Colonel  R.  W.  Martin,  while  he  was 
lying  wounded  in  the  hospital  at  Gettysburg,  including  the  movements  of  General  Armistead  with  whom  he 
advanced  engaged  in  conversation,  from  Seminary  Ridge.  From  Captain  Banes  of  General  Webb’s  staff,  I 
gathered  the  particulars  of  his  surrender.  Captain  Banes  received  his  sword  and  pistols  (which  had  not  been 
fired),  and  sent  him  to  the  rear  of  the  line,  where  he  was  met  by  Captain  Henry  FI.  Bingham,  judge-ad¬ 
vocate,  on  General  Hancock  s  staff.  From  Captain  Bingham,  1  derived  full  particulars  of  his  interview 
with  General  Armistead.  After  receiving  the  valuables  which  General  Armistead  wished  to  send  to  his 
family  and  a  private  message,  he  directed  him  to  be  taken  to  a  hospital  in  the  rear.  I  subsequently  met  D. 
G.  Brinton,  surgeon,  in  charge  of  the  2d  division,  11th  corps’  hospital,  who  dressed  his  wounds.  Doctor 
Brinton  said  he  was  very  much  depressed  in  spirits,  though  neither  of  his  wounds  were  mortal  ;  one  being 
in  the  leg  below  the  knee,  and  the  other,  a  flesh-wound  in  the  arm  ;  notwithstanding  which  he  died  two  days 
afterward. 

d.  General  Webb  s  letter,  and  also  Major-General  Meade’s  letter 

e.  See  Major-General  Meade’s  letter,  in  the  Appendix, 

/.  Major  Mitchell’s  letter,  in  the  Appendix, 


HANCOCK  AND  GIBBON. 


1 1 


General  Hancock  was  with  Caldwell’s  division,23  at  the  extreme  left  of  his  line, 
when  the  cannonade  began.  He  rode  during  this  terrible  firing  along  his  entire  front 
to  Woodruff’s  battery  110  on  his  right.  He  knew  with  the  instinct  of  a  true  soldier  what 
was  to  follow  the  bombardment,  and  he  exhorted  his  officers  and  men  to  be  in  readiness 
to  resist  the  grand  assault.  Returning  toward  the  left,  while  passing  the  right  of  the  14th 
Vermont  volunteers,01’  of  Stannard’s  brigade,  he  received  a  serious  wound.  He  is  seen  49 
in  the  painting  falling  from  his  horse  near  the  left  of  Stannard’s  works. “  He  was  caught 
in  the  arms  of  Lieutenants  Hooker  and  Benedict,  of  General  Stannard’s  staff  ;h  and 
General  Stannard  r’1  himself,  with  admirable  dexterity,  stanched  the  blood  from  the  terrible 
wound  in  the  groin,  or  otherwise  he  would  have  soon  bled  to  death,0  as  the  surgeons 
were  of  course  in  the  rear,  and  one  could  not  for  some  time  be  found.  But  Gen¬ 
eral  Hancock  peremptorily  refused  to  be  taken  from  the  field  until  the  contest  was  decided. 

General  Gibbon  was  seriously  wounded  in  the  arm  about  the  same  time  that  Hancock 
fell. d  He  was  in  front  of  the  19th  Maine  volunteers,04  of  Harrow’s  brigade,  when  he 
was  shot,  attempting  to  wheel  those  troops  out  of  the  line  to  deliver  a  flank  fire  on 
Pickett’s  column.  He  was  taken  from  the  field  by  Captain  Wessells  of  his  staff. 41,5 

Webb’s  brigade  is  represented  immediately  in  advance  of  General  Meade.90  It  had 
been  in  position  at  the  stone  wall 84  in  its  front,  its  left,  the  69th  Pennsylvania  volun¬ 
teers,'8  resting  opposite  the  copse  of  trees  M,  the  line  extending  to  the  right  along  the 
stone  wall  to  the  angle,91  with  two  companies  of  the  71st  Pennsylvania  volunteers90  at  a 
wall,  which  is  retired  fifty  yards  from  the  right  of  the  advanced  fine.  The  7 2d  Pennsyl¬ 
vania  volunteers 83  lay  in  a  second  line  to  the  right  and  rear  of  the  copse  M.  The  guns  of 
Cushing’s  battery  were  at  first  in  position8,  on  the  crest  between  Webb’s  two  lines, 
where  Cushing  was  severely  wounded,  but  refused  to  leave  the  field.  When  Pickett 
advanced,  he  ran  three  of  his  pieces  down  to  the  wall  where  they  are  seen 82  in  the 
painting,  and  with  double-shotted  guns  swept  his  front  with  canister,  opening  great  gaps 
in  the  ranks  of  the  attacking  lines.  While  directing  their  fire  he  was  shot  in  the  mouth 
and  instantly  killed.  Some  of  his  men  bore  his  body  to  the  rear,  as  seen  in  the 
painting.’0 

Pickett’s  column,  after  it  had  been  turned  aside  from  its  attack  on  Stannard’s 
brigade,  fell  on  Webb’s  brigade. 

General  Webb,  seeing  the  necessity  for  re-enforcements,  had  meantime  hurried  back  to 
the  7  2d  Pennsylvania  volunteers,83  in  his  second  line,  to  bring  them  into  action  ;  but  the 
Confederates  had  advanced  with  the  impetuosity  of  the  whirlwind.  In  a  moment  the  center 
of  Webb’s  front  fine,  held  by  a  portion  of  the  71st  Pennsylvania  volunteers,89  was  swept 
from  its  position  at  the  wall,84  which  was  instantly  seized  by  the  assailants,  though  the 
blackened  clothes  of  many  of  the  dead  showed  that  a  portion  at  least  of  the  regiment  had 
remained  until  pushed  from  their  position  by  sheer  force  of  numbers.  The  importance 
of  the  admirable  disposition  of  the  two  right  companies  95  of  the  7  1  st  Pennsylvania  volun¬ 
teers  was  now  apparent.  From  their  retired  position,  lying  securely  protected  behind  a 
stone  wall  within  point-blank  range,  they,  with  the  left  of  Hays’  division,99’101’ 102  opened 
a  deadly  cross-fire,  effectually  preventing  an  approach  upon  their  works.  All  attempts  of 
General  Webb,  assisted  by  the  remaining  officers  of  the  regiment  and  by  his  adjutant-general, 

a.  Hancock’s  report.  Spot  located  on  the  field  by  General  Hancock. 

b.  Stannard’s  report. 

c.  Private  letters  of  Lieutenant  Benedict  of  General  Stannard’s  staffl 

d.  Gibbon’s  report. 

e.  Verbal  statement  of  General  Gibbon. 


22 


GETTYSBURG  -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


Captain  Banes,88  Lieutenant  Haskell92  of  General  Gibbon’s  staff,  and  Captain  Parker'1' 
of  General  Hancock’s  staff,  to  bring  forward  the  second  line  failed.  Colonel  Baxter, 
of  the  7  2d  Pennsylvania,  had  been  badly  wounded  the  previous  evening,  and  the  regiment 
had  suffered  severely  in  officers  and  men  during  the  cannonade  ;  they  opened,  however, 
a  heavy  fire  of  musketry  from  the  crest,  which  contributed  very  materially  to  the  repulse 
of  the  attack.  Failing  to  secure  the  advance  of  the  7  2d,  General  Webb  hurried  again  to  the 
69th  Pennsylvania  volunteers,78  which  he  found  still  fighting  manfully,  and  holding  its 
own  on  the  left,  although  numbers  of  Confederates  had  already  gained  the  copse  of  trees 
in  their  rear.  This  regiment  lost  heavily  in  officers  and  men;  Colonel  O’Kane  and  Lieu¬ 
tenant-Colonel  Schudy  were  killed  and  Major  Duffy  was  wounded. 

Colonel  Hall’s  brigade  is  represented  massing  on  General  Webb’s  left  ;  its  gallant 
leader  can  be  seen  directing  its  movements.77  “  It  had  been  formed  on  a  prolongation 
of  Webb’s  lines,  with  three  regiments  in  the  front  line,  protected  by  a  slight  work 
of  earth  and  rails,  and  two  in  the  second  line,  on  the  left  of  Rorty’s  battery,45 
which  occupied  the  crest  ;  Brown’s  battery43  had  been  in  position  between  Rorty’s  and 
Cushing’s.87  1 

As  General  Hancock  rode  in  front  of  the  19th  Massachusetts,  which,  with  the  42d 
New  York  volunteers,  formed  Hall’s  second  line.  Colonel  Devereux  of  the  former 
regiment  went  to  him  and  asked  permission  to  move  up  and  engage  the  troops  then 
advancing  on  Webb.  Receiving  permission  to  do  so,c  these  two  regiments 71,  73  hurried  to 
Webb’s  relief,  as  seen  in  the  painting,  passing  in  rear  of  the  copse  of  trees  M;  and  imme¬ 
diately  afterward  Colonel  Hall  ordered  the  7th  Michigan69  and  20th  Massachusetts 68  to 
“break  from  their  right  to  the  rear  ”  and  move  rapidly  to  the  same  place,  which  was  done 
with  remarkable  promptness,  during  which  Lieutenant-Colonel  Steele,  commanding  the 
7th  Michigan,  was  killed.  The  59th  New  York  volunteers67  remained  at  the  works  in 
the  front  line/7  and  Harrow’s  brigade,  with  the  20th  New  York  S.  M.,57  and  the  151st 
Pennsylvania  volunteers'"4  followed  the  course  of  Hall’s  regiments,  and  charged  up  to  the 
trees,  the  two  latter  regiments  passing  in  front  of  them.  During  this  movement  regi¬ 
mental  organizations  were  completely  lost  ;  the  colors  were  pushed  indiscriminately  to  the 
front  followed  by  the  enthusastic  men/  The  13th  and  1 6th  Vermont  volunteers,  of 
Stannard’s  brigade,  moved  to  their  right,  “changed  front  forward,”  and  opened  fire  on 
Pickett’s  right  flank.62’63- 

Harrow’s  brigade,  composed  of  the  82d  New  York,66  19th  Maine,64  15th  Massa¬ 
chusetts/1  and  1st  Minnesota  volunteers,60  occupied  a  position  on  the  left  of  Hall’s 
front  line,  with  the  20th  New  York  S.  M.,"  and  the  151st  Pennsylvania  volunteers54 
(of  the  1st  brigade,  3d  division,  1st  corps,  General  Rowley)  on  its  left  ;  in  the  painting  all 

a.  The  above  account  has  been  abstracted  from  General  Webb’s  report,  and  a  private  letter  in  my 
possession  written  by  him  to  his  wife  two  days  after  the  battle,  the  whole  arrangement  having  been  made 
on  the  canvas,  at  my  request,  by  General  W ebb,  assisted  by  several  members  of  his  staff ;  the  painting  being 
finished  by  his  approval  after  revisiting  the  field  at  Gettysburg. 

/>.  I  have  in  my  possession  a  diagram  drawn  by  Colonel  Hall,  showing  the  positions  of  his  regi 
ments,  and  previous  to  his  death  he  visited  Mr.  Walker’s  studio,  and  with  other  officers  of  his  command, 
superintended  their  arrangement  on  the  painting. 

c.  General  Hancock’s  report.  This  movement  was  fully  explained  on  the  field  at  Gettysburg,  in  the 
summer  of  1869,  by  General  Webb,  Colonels  Devereux  and  Baxter,  Captain  Banes,  and  many  other  officers 
of  rank  engaged  in  the  immediate  vicinity. 

(/.  Statement  of  Colonel  Hall.  —  See  Colonel  Macy’s  letter,  also  report  of  59th  New  York  volun¬ 
teers. 

e.  See  reports  of  General  Harrow,  and  also  reports  of  15th  Massrchusetts,  1st  Minnesota  volunteers, 
20th  New  \  ork  State  militia,  and  151st  Pennsylvania  volunteer'  . 


FLANK  ATTACK  ON  THE  LEFT. 


23 


of  these  troops  are  seen  moving  up  to  Webb’s  support.®  The  position  occupied  by  Brown’s 
battery  B,  1st  Rhode  Island,43  has  been  vacated,6  but  Rorty’s  battery  B,  1st  New  York,45 
is  represented  at  the  left  and  rear  of  Harrow’s  brigade.  Still  further  to  the  left  is  Thomas’ 
battery  C,  4th  U.  S.,26  and  McGilvery’s  brigade  of  reserve  artillery  26  (1st  brigade), 
composed  of  Thompson’s  G  and  F,  Pennsylvania  (independent),  Phillips’  5th  Massachu¬ 
setts,  Hart’s  15th  New  York  (independent),  Sterling’s  1st  Connecticut,  Cooper’s  B, 
1st  Pennsylvania,  Dow’s  6th  Maine,  and  Ames’  G,  New  York,  batteries  ;c  while  further 
yet  is  the  5th  corps  artillery,  under  its  chief.  Captain  Martin,  of  which  Rittenhouse’s 
battery  D,  5th  U.  S.,37  is  engaged d  on  Little  Round  Top  B.e 

Stannard’s  brigade  is  represented  immediately  over  and  in  front  of  Harrow’s 
brigade,  and  at  right  angles  to  it  ;  the  right  of  its  line,  the  13th  Vermont  volunteers,62  has 
ceased  firing  to  allow  prisoners  to  pass  to  the  rear.  It  had  been  in  position  fifty  yards 
in  advance  of  Harrow’s  left,  and  lay  along  a  slight  earthwork  with  one  regiment 50  to 
the  left  of  the  clump  of  trees,  where  it  remained  when  the  others  moved.  The  right  of 
Longstreet’s  column  of  attack  was  aimed  toward  this  brigade,  and  continued  to  advance 
until  it  reached  the  flat  ground  in  its  front,  when  receiving  a  sweeping  flank  fire  from 
McGilvery’s  brigade  of  artillery,26 'and  possibly  discovering  the  formidable  front  pre¬ 
sented  by  Stannard’s  brigade,  supported  by  the  balance  of  Doubleday’s  division 10  in 
its  rear,  it  veered  off  to  the  LInion  right,  and  advanced  upon  Webb’s  brigade.-7  Imme¬ 
diately  Stannard’s  whole  brigade  rose  from  its  works  and  poured  a  murderous  fire  upton 
Pickett’s  right  flank.* 

Arnold’s  battery  A,  1st  Rhode  Island,113  had  been  in  position  on  the  crest  at  the 
right  of  Cushing’s  battery  A,  4th  LL  S.,87  but  having  been  seriously  disabled,  it  is 
represented  113  retiring  from  the  field,  drawn  off  by  the  men.1 

On  the  right  of  this  battery  lay  Hays’  command,  3d  division,  2d  corps.  The  2d 
brigade,  Smyth’s,  composed  of  the  14th  Connecticut,69  1st  Delaware,101  12th  New 
Jersev,102  and  108th  New  York  volunteers,108  was  at  the  stone  wall  ;  and  the  10th  New 
York  volunteers  acting  as  provost  guard  ;  and  to  its  right  was  the  3d  brigade,  Sher¬ 
rill’s/  composed  of  the  125 th,102_a  iiith,10o~a  126th,100  and  39th  New  York  volun¬ 
teers,106  with  its  left  overlapping  Smyth,  and  its  right  extending  beyond*  Bryan’s 
house  W.  General  Hays,100  stripped  to  the  shirt,  is  seen  bringing  up  and  fighting  his 
troops/  Colonel  Smyth  104  was  wounded  by  an  exploding  shell,  as  shown  near  Bryan’s 
house.  Beyond  the  house  in  the  grove.  Colonel  Sherrill  109  is  being  borne,  mortally 
wounded,  from  the  field.”1 

a.  Generals  Gibbon’s  and  Harrow’s  reports. 

b.  Captain  Hazard’s  report. 

c.  General  Hunt’s  and  Major  McGilvery’s  reports. 

d.  General  Hunt’s  and  Captain  Martin’s  reports. 

e.  Lieutenant  Hazlett,  commander  of  this  battery,  was  killed  the  evening  before. 

f.  Major  McGilvery’s  report  ;  report  of  Scales’  brigade  ;  General  Lane’s  report. 

g.  General  Newton’s  report ;  General  Stannard’s  report  ;  Colonel  Gates’  report  (20th  New  York 
State  militia). 

h.  “  The  1 2th  and  15  th  Vermont  volunteers  of  this  brigade  were  detached  at  Emmettsburg  by  order  of 
Major-General  Reynolds  to  guard  the  corps  train.”  Lieutenant  Benedict,  aid-de-camp  to  General 
Stannard. 

i.  General  Hunt’s  and  Captain  Hazard’s  reports. 

j.  When  the  battle  commenced  this  brigade  was  commanded  by  Colonel  Willard,  125th  New  York 
volunteers,  who  was  killed  on  the  evening  of  the  2d.  After  the  death  of  Colonel  Sherrill  it  was  commanded 
by  Colonel  McDougai  l,  111th  New  York  volunteers,  who  was  wounded,  and  the  command  fell  on  Lieu¬ 
tenant-Colonel  Bull,  126th  New  York  volunteers. 

k.  See  reports  of  General  Hays,  also  reports  of  111th  and  126th  New  York  volunteers. 

/.  Statements  of  Captain  Wm.  C.  Saville  of  Colonel  Smyth’s  staff. 

vi.  General  Hays’  report  and  verbal  statements  of  subordinate  officers. 


24 


GETTYSBURG - DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


Immediately  in  front  of  Hays’  division,  and  at  right  angles  to  it,  is  the  8th  Ohio 
volunteers 08  of  Carroll’s  brigade.®  It  had  been  on  the  skirmish  line  with  its  reserves 
on  the  Emmettsburg  road.  When  Pettigrew  advanced  on  its  left.  Colonel  Sawyer, 
instead  of  falling  back,  “  changed  front  forward  on  left  company,”  and  opened  fire.6 

Woodruff’s  battery  I,  ist  U.  S.,110  was  engaged  in  the  grove  at  the  right  of  Bryan’s 
house  W-  Its  commander,  after  having  won  the  encomiums  of  his  superiors  for  the  gal¬ 
lantry  and  efficiency  with  which  he  served  his  guns,  was,  at  the  moment  of  victory, c 
stricken  down  111  in  death. 

On  the  right.  General  Robinson114  is  seen  moving  his  command,  2d  division,  2d 
corps,  up  to  the  support  of  General  Hays/  Colonel  Coulter’s  brigade  112  6  having  the 
advance,  followed  by  General  Baxter’s  brigade.11'  f  General  Howard  119  ordered  this 
movement  to  be  covered  by  Smyth’s  brigade,110 9  which  opened  a  brisk  fire  of  musketry. 

At  the  same  time  the  skirmish  line  of  General  Schurz’s  120_a  division  (3d),  1  1  th  corps, 
nobly  engaged  the  sharpshooters  of  Rodes’  division  in  the  edge  of  the  town/ 

The  artillery  on  Cemetery  Hill  2,  under  Major  Osborne,122  chief  of  artillery  of  the 
1  1  th  corps,  is  seen  on  the  right  of  the  picture,  pouring  volleys  of  canister  into  the  flank 
of  the  assaulting  column.1 

Prominent  in  the  right  foreground  is  Wheeler’s  New  York  battery,107  which  is  going 
to  the  front,  two  guns  having  already  opened/' 

A  large  number  of  prisoners  are  seen1,4  coming  in  immediately  on  Wheeler’s  right/ 
beyond  which  two  guns  ofWiER’s  battery  115  C,  5th  U.  S.,  under  Sergeant  Trevor, 
are  going  into  position/ 

Colonel  Morgan,116  chief  of  General  Hancock’s  staff,  has  brought  up  Martin’s  118 
( F,  5th  U.  S.)  and  Butler’s124  (G,  2d  U.  S.)  regular  batteries  from  the  6th  corps 
artillery.™ 

Colonel  Tompkins,121  chief  of  the  6th  corps  artillery,  with  the  remaining  batteries 
led  by  McCartney’s  Massachusetts,123  is  on  the  Taneytown  road  Y  (at  the  right  of  the 
painting),  directing  the  relief  of  batteries  on  Cemetery  Hill.” 

Captain  Hazard,'0  chief  of  the  2d  corps  artillery,  the  mounted  officer  in  the  center 
of  the  left  foreground,  is  directing  Captain  Cowan  53  where  to  place  the  battery SJ 
which  he  has  brought  up  to  his  assistance. 

The  spirited  figure  going  to  the  front  beyond  Lieutenant  Cushing  76  is  Captain  Far¬ 
rell,'4  Company  C,  1st  Minnesota  volunteers.  He  commanded  the  division  provost  guard 

a.  ist  brigade,  3d  division,  2d  corps,  composed  of  the  4th  and  8th  Ohio,  7th  Virginia  (Union),  and 
14th  Indiana  volunteers.  Colonel  Carroll  was  ordered  to  report  to  Major-General  Howard  on  the  evening 
of  the  2d  with  three  regiments,  where  he  remained  until  the  close  of  the  battle. 

b.  Reports  of  Colonel  Sawyer,  8th  Ohio  volunteers,  and  General  Lane,  North  Carolina  brigade.  See 
Appendix. 

c.  Captain  Hazard  s  report.  See  Appendix.  d.  See  General  Newton’s  report. 

e.  ist  brigade,  Coulter’s,  was  composed  of  the  107th  Pennsylvania,  94th  and  104th  New  York,  16th 
Maine,  and  13th  Massachusetts  volunteers. 

/.  2d  brigade,  Baxter’s,  was  composed  of  the  97th  and  83d  New  York,  12th  Massachusetts  and  83th 
■m  1  90th  1  ennsylvania  volunteers.  Positions  and  explanations  given  by  Generals  Robinson  and  Coulter,  on 
the  field  at  Gettysburg. 

g.  2d  brigade,  2d  division,  nth  corps,115  composed  of  the  55th  and  73d  Ohio,  136th  New  York  and 
33d  Massachusetts  volunteers,  of  Steinwehr’s  120  (2d)  division,  nth  corps.  The  33d  Massachusetts  volun- 
teeis  were  detached  from  the  brigade,  and  were  in  position  on  the  right  of  the  corps. 

h.  Reports  of  General  Schurz  and  General  Roues. 

7.  Reports  of  Generals  Howard  and  Steinwehr  and  Major  Osborne. 

j.  See  General  Webb’s  report.  k.  See  General  Meade’s  letter. 

/.  See  General  Hunt  s  report.  Statement  of  General  W ebb  and  Captain  Hazard.  * 

771.  See  Colonel  Morgan  s  letter.  Statement  of  Lieutenant  Butler. 

u.  Statement  of  Colonel  Tompkins.  See  Colonel  Morgan’s  letter. 


LEFT  FOREGROUND. 


which  had  been  deployed  In  rear  of  the  line.  When  the  front  line  \  as  penetrated  he 
assembled  his  men  (those  wearing  hats72’  97  in  rear  of  Webb’s  and  Hall’s  brigades),  and 
led  them  into  the  breach.  He  was  killed,  and  a  large  proportion  of  his  men  were  killed 
or  wounded.® 

To  the  left  of  General  Webb  81  is  seen  General  Hunt,7-1  chief  of  artillery  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac.  His  horse  was  killed  at  that  point ;  and,  after  extricating  himself,  he 
went  into  the  engagement  with  his  revolvers.6 

In  the  left  foreground  of  the  painting,  Cowan’s  New  York  (independent)  battery  5!) 
is  represented  going  into  position,  to  the  left  of  which  is  Brown’s  battery,  B,  ist  Rhode 
Island,*30  coming  out,  having  exhausted  its  ammunition. 

Immediately  over  this  is  the  figure  of  General  Gibbon,41  passing  wounded  to  the  rear, 
one  of  his  staff  officers  is  seen  conveying  the  division  colors5  to  General  Harrow.  8d 

At  the  extreme  left,  Fitzhugh’s  battery,  K,  ist  New  York,  is  going  to  the  front,0  and 
over  and  beyond  this,  Major-General  Birney,3  commanding  3d  corps,  and  Brigadier- 
General  Ward,4  commanding  his  1st  division,  are  represented.  In  their  rear  are  three 
regiments6  (the  3d  Maine,  20th  Indiana,  and  99th  Pennsylvania)  of  Ward’s  brigade, 
sent  to  the  support  of  General  WebbT  Colonel  Berdan,7  their  brigade  commander,  is 
moving  up  in  their  front. 9  The  infantry  represented  on  this  part  of  the  field  was  held 
in  reserve,  and  was  not  actively  engaged  in  the  repulse  of  the  assaulting  columns,  though 
it  suffered  severely  from  the  cannonade. 

Major-General  New'ton, 10  commanding  ist  corps,  and  Major-General  Doubleday,10 
commanding  his  3d  division,  with  their  staff  officers,  are  immediately  beyond  General 
Birney.3  The  brigade  commanders  of  this  division  are  in  the  vicinity.*  Brigadier-Gen¬ 
eral  Rowley,11  of  the  first  brigade,' is  represented  to  their  right  ;  and  over  him.  Colonel 
Dana,9  commanding  the  2d  brigade  ;■?'  while  to  the  right  and  front  of  Rowley  is  General 
H  arrow  and  staff,8  ist  brigade,  2d  division,  2d  corps,  to  whom  the  colors  of  the  2d 
division  are  being  borne.5 

On  the  next  ridge  beyond  and  to  the  left  of  Colonel  Dana  9  are  Colonels  De  Trobriand 
and  Madill,  13  commanding  the  3d*  and  1  st 6  brigades,  1st  division,  3d  corps.  Moving 
up  in  the  rear  of  these  troops  is  Parsons’  battery,  A,19'a  1st  New  Jersey,  which,  with  K, 
ist  New  York,1  were  brought  up  by  Captain  Fitzhugh.™ 


a.  Colonel  Colville’s  letter. 

b.  1  visited  the  field  with  General  Hunt,  and,  at  my  request,  he  pointed  out  the  spot  where  his  horse 
was  shot.  See  Captain  Cowan’s  letter. 

c.  General  Hunt’s  and  Captain  Hazard’s  reports. 

d.  Statement  of  General  Gibbon. 

e.  Fitzhugh’s  report. 

f.  Major-General  Birney’s  letter  :  — 

“  Three  of  my  regiments.  3d  Maine.  99th  Pennsylvania  and  ‘20th  Indiana  volunteers,  were  sent  to  support  Gen¬ 
eral  Webb.  General  J.  H.  Hobart  Ward  commanded  my  1st  division,  and  Colonels  H.  J.  Madill,  H.  Berdan, 
and  Regis  de  Trobriand  commanded  his  three  brigades. 

Signed  D.  B.  Birney, 

Major  General  commanding  3d  corps  ” 


it,  2d  brigade,  ist  division,  3d  corps,  3d  and  4th  Maine,  20th  Indiana,  86th  and  124th  New  York,  and 
99th  Pennsylvania  volunteers,  and  the  ist  and  2d  regiments  U.  S.  sharpshooters. 

II.  F'or  a  detailed  account  of  the  formation  of  this  part  of  the  line,  see  General  Newton’s  report.  'I  he 
1st  division,  1st  corps,  General  Wadsworth,  was  on  Culp’s  Hill,  and  is  not  seen  on  this  painting. 

i.  1  2 1  st,  I42d,  and  151st  Pennsylvania  volunteers  and  the  20th  New  York  S.  M.-” 

j.  143d,  149th,  and  150th  Pennsylvania  volunteers. 

k.  3d  and  5th  Michigan,  17th  Maine,  40th  New  York,  and  noth  Pennsylvania. 1,5 
/.  57th,  63d,  68th,  105th,  and  141st  Pennsylvania  volunteers. 13 
ill.  Parsons’  and  Fitzhugh’s  reports. 


i6 


GETTYSBURG -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


Further  to  the  left,  and  near  the  extreme  left  of  the  painting,  Brigadier-General 
Eustis12  has  just  moved  up  with  his  command  ;  2d  brigade,®  3d  division,  6th  corps. 

Beyond,  and  to  the  left  of  Eustis,  is  General  Shaler  14  with  the  1st  brigade,5  3d 
division,  6th  corps.0 

To  the  right  of  Shaler,14  and  on  the  same  parallel,  is  Brigadier-General  Carr,19'1'  and 
his  staff,  commanding  1st  brigade,”5  2d  division,  3d  corps. 

Immediately  beyond  Carr  is  his  superior  officer,  Major-General  Humphreys,20  com¬ 
manding  2d  division,  3d  corps.  Of  General  Humphreys’  other  brigade  commanders. 
Colonel  Brewster,21  commanding  2d  brigade,0  is  seen  immediately  to  the  right,  while 
Colonel  Burling,19  commanding  3d  brigade/ is  to  the  left  and  on  the  next  ridge. 17 

Directly  to  the  right  of  Burling,19  and  in  front  of  the  grove,  is  represented  Brigadier- 
General  Caldwell,23  commanding  1st  division,  2d  corps,  with  his  four  brigade  command¬ 
ers  :  Colonels  Frazer,22  3d  brigade  /  McKeene,27  1st  brigade  /  Kelly,26'11  2d  brigade  / 
and  Brooke,28  4th  brigade.*  Major  McGilvery,  commanding  1st  brigade  artillery  re¬ 
serve,  is  with  the  artillery  20  at  Caldwell’s  right,  and  in  the  open  field  beyond  are  shown, 
from  left  to  right,  Brigadier-General  Torbert,24  1st  brigade,5  1st  division,  6th  corps,  and 
Brigadier-General  Wright,20  1st  division,  6th  corps,  with  their  staff  officers.  Immedi¬ 
ately  to  the  right  of  these  groups,  and  in  front  of  the  grove,  is  Brigadier-General  Barnes,31 
commanding  1st  division,  5th  corps  ;  Colonel  Sweitzer,31  commanding  his  2d  brigade,™ 
and  Colonel  Rice,31  commanding  his  3d  brigade.'1  A  half  mile  to  the  right  of  these,  near 
the  wheat  field  G,  lay  McCandless’  brigade,530  of  Crawford’s  division,  of  Pennsylvania 
Reserves,  3d  division,  5th  corps  ;  while  midway  between,  and  in  front  of  Little  Round 


a.  2d  Rhode  Island,  7th,  10th,  and  37th  Massachusetts  volunteers.12 

b.  65th,  67th,  and  1 2 2d  New  York,  23d  and  83d  Pennsylvania  volunteers.11 

c.  See  General  Sedgwick’s  report. 

d.  1st,  11th,  and  16th  Massachusetts,  11th  New  Jersey,  12th  New  Hampshire,  and  26th  Pennsylvania 
volunteers.  19-b 

e.  1st,  2d,  3d,  4th,  and  5th  Excelsior  and  120th  New  York  volunteers.21 

f  2d  New  Hampshire,  5th,  6th,  7th,  and  8th  New  Jersey,  and  115th  Pennsylvania  volunteers.19 

g.  Extract  from  General  Humphreys’  report:  — 

My  division  was  moved  rapidly  to  the  right  and  formed  in  mass  (20)  in  rear  and  support  of  the  left  of  the  2d 
corps  (Caldwell’s  division)  (23),  *  *  *  several  batteries  being  in  position  in  my  front.”  (  (i) 

Extract  from  private  letter  :  — 

1  have  placed  the  position  of  each  of  my  brigades  in  pencil  on  the  map,  that  is  the  position  they  occupied  on 
the  afternoon  of  July  3.  My  first  brigade  was  commanded  by  Brigadier-General  J.  B.  Cakk  (,19-b).  My  second  by 
Colonel  William  R.  Brewster  (21),  and  my  third  by  Colonel  George  C  Burling  (111). 

A.  A.  Humphreys,  Major-General  United  States  Volunteers, 
Commanding  second  division,  third  corps.” 

h.  52tb  57ch,  and  66th  New  York  and  140th  Pennsylvania  volunteers.22 

z.  5^h  New  Hampshire,  61st  New  York,  81st  and  148th  Pennsylvania  volunteers.21 

J *  2^ih  Massachusetts,  63d,  69th,  and  88th  New  York  (consolidated j,  and  the  116th  Pennsylvania 
volunteers. 23_a 

/.  2d  Delaware,  27th  Connecticut,  64th  New  York,  53d  and  145th  Pennsylvania  volunteers.2® 

1  he  positions  of  Caldwell  s  four  brigades  were  given  me  by  each  of  its  brigade  commanders,  corrobo- 
lated  by  Geneial  Caldwell  while  visiting  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  The  three  last  lay  at  the  works 
between  the  guns  of  McGilvery  s  artillery  5  --1  the  other  (Colonel  Frazer’s)  22  lay  behind  an  old  stone  wall 
in  the  second  line.  The  whole  arrangement  was  subsequently  pointed  out  and  explained  to  me  on  the  field  by 
Colonel  Brooke.2® 

/.  1st,  2d,  3d,  and  15th  New  Jersey  volunteers.21 

m.  4th  Michigan,  62d  Pennsylvania,  9th  and  32d  Massachusetts  volunteers.31  The  9th  Massachusetts 
was  detached  from  the  brigade  and  lay  on  Round  Top  0. 

//.  1 6th  Michigan,  44th  New  York,  83d  Pennsylvania,  and  20th  Maine  volunteers.31  Colonel  Vincent 
had  been  killed  the  evening  previous. 

o.  1st,  2d,  and  6th  regiments  of  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  and  the  1st  Rifles.  (The  nth  Regiment  of 
“Reserves”  was  temporarily  attached  to  this  brigade.)  Position  pointed  out  on  the  field  by  General 
McCandless,  and  all  of  his  regimental  commanders.  See  General  Crawford’s  report. 


-  POSITION  OF  TROOPS  ON  THE  LEFT.  2^ 

Top  B,  was  Brigadier-General  Wheaton’s35  headquarters,  3d  division,  6th  Corps*  With 
Brigadier- General  Bartlett’s33®  and  Colonel  Nevins’  406  brigades  of  his  division.  The 
formation  of  the  ground  did  not  admit  of  representing  on  the  painting  the  headquarters 
and  troops  of  these  commands,  or  those  to  the  left  of  this  part  of  the  line;  but  their 
locality  is  indicated  on  the  Key.  The  line  from  this  point  was  continuous  to  the  summit 
of  Round  Top  D,  passing  over  Little  Round  Top  B.  From  there  it  was  refused  to  the 
left  nearly  a  mile,  crossing  the  Taneytown  road  A,  and  may  be  indicated  on  the  paint¬ 
ing  by  the  line  of  forest  to  the  left  of  Round  Top.  The  headquarters  of  Major-Gen¬ 
eral  Sykes,29  commanding  5th  corps,  and  Major-General  Sedgwick,*’  commanding 
the  6th  corps,  were  together  29  in  rear  of  the  posterior  slope  of  Little  Round  Top  B, 
and  beyond  the  grove,  which  separated  them  from  General  Torbert’s  headquarters.24 c 
Brigadier-General  Ayres,32  commanding  2d  division,  5th  corps,  held  Little  Round  Top 
B.  Colonel  Garrard,36  commanding  his  3d  brigade ,l  (Weed’s)  had  the  front  line, 
while  the  two  brigades  of  regulars,  the  1st,8  commanded  by  Colonel  Day,32'®  and  the 
2d7  by  Colonel  Burbank, 32~b  lay  in  the  second  line.-7  In  the  valley  beyond  were  two 
regiments*  of  Colonel  Tilton’s  brigade  (1st  brigade,  1  st  division,  5th  corps),  followed 
by  two  regiments  8  of  Colonel  Fisher’s  brigade  of  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  3d  brigade,  3d 
division,  5th  corps.  Beyond  these  was  the  Ninth  Massachusetts  volunteers.9’  This 
regiment  had  been  deployed  as  skirmishers  on  the  extreme  right  of  the  army,  on  the 
morning  of  the  2d,  and  their  brigade  changed  position  and  they  became  separated 
from  it.  Next,  connecting  on  its  left,  and  extending  up  Round  Top  proper,  were  the 
two  remaining  regiments*  of  Tilton’s  brigade.'39  And  on  their  left,  terminating  on  the 
summit  of  the  mountain,  were  the  two  remaining  regiments  of  Colonel  Fisher’s  brigade 
of  “  Reserves.  ”381  Two  6th  corps  brigades  under  General  Wright  formed  the 
crotchet  retiring  from  Round  Top  to  the  left  and  rear  across  the  Taneytown  road 
A.  Colonel  Grant  commanded  the  right,  2d  brigade,30”1  2d  division,  6th  corps, 
and  General  Russell,1’  the  left,  3d  brigade,”  1st  division,  6th  corps.0  These  troops 
were  at  no  time  actively  engaged.  This  was  the  extreme  left  of  the  infantry  force  of  the 
army.  Barnes’  battery,  C,16  1st  New  York,  and  Martin’s  battery,  C,17  Massachu¬ 
setts,  were  ordered  on  the  3d  by  Captain  Martin,  chief  of  the  5th  corps  artillery,  to 
report  to  General  Wright/  and  were  in  position  in  the  rear  of  Round  Top.  Gen- 


a.  2d  brigade,  composed  of  the  5th  Maine,  121st  New  York,  95th  and  96th  Pennsylvania  volun¬ 
teers.'33 

b.  3d  brigade,  62d  New  York,  93d,  98th,  I02d,  and  139th  Pennsylvania  volunteers.40 

c.  Pointed  out  on  the  field  by  Major-General  Sykes,  and  his  adjutant-general,  Brevet  Brigadier-Gen¬ 
eral  Locke. 

d.  91st  and  1  5  5th  Pennsylvania,  140th  and  146th  New  York  volunteers.36  General  Weed  was  killed 
the  day  before.  Colonel  Garrard’s  report. 

e.  3d,  4th,  6th,  1 2th,  and  14th  infantry. 32*a 

f.  2d,  7th,  10th,  llth,and  1  7th  infantry .32-b 

g.  Explained  on  the  field  by  General  Ayres. 

h.  1 8th  and  22d  Massachusetts  volunteers.  Positions  pointed  out  on  the  field  by  Colonel  Tilton. 

i.  9th  and  loth  Pennsylvania  “  Reserves.”  See  General  Crawford’s  report. 

j.  2d  brigade  (Sweitzer’s),  1st  division,  5th  corps. 

k.  1  1  8th  Pennsylvania  and  1st  Michigan  volunteers.''9 

/.  5th  and  12th  Pennsylvania  “Reserves.”33  Crawford’s  report. 

m.  2d,  3d,  4th,  5th,  and  6th  Vermont  volunteers.''50 

n.  5th  Wisconsin,  6th  Maine,  49th  and  119th  Pennsylvania  volunteers.15 

o.  General  Sedgwick’s  report.  Verbal  explanation  by  Colonel  Grant  and  General  Russell. 

p.  There  were  two  brigades  at  this  point.  One  (Grant’s)  from  Howe’s  13  division,  and  one  (Russell’s) 
from  Wright’s  division.  General  Howe  remained  with  the  troops  all  the  time,  though  General  Wright 
was  the  ranking  officer,  and  in  command. 


GETTYSBURG -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 

eral  Kilpatrick,47  with  Farnsworth’s  4Go  and  Mf.rritt’s  55  1  brigades  of  cavalry,  accom¬ 
panied  by  Elder’s44  and  Graham’s55  batteries  of  horse  artillery,  were  beyond  and  to  the 
front  of  Round  Top.  General  Custer’s  brigade  was  engaged  with  General  Gregg’s 
division  on  the  right  wing  of  the  army. 

a.  1st  Vermont,  ist  West  Virginia  (Union),  5th  New  York,  and  18  Pennsylvania,  and  one  squadron 
1st  Ohio  volunteer  cavalry.'*6  General  Farnsworth  made  a  very  gallant  charge  with  1st  Vermont  and  1st 
West  Virginia  cavalry,  during  which  he  was  killed. 

b.  ist,  2d,  and  5th  U.  S.  regulars  and  6th  Pennsylvania  cavalry. r,°  General  Kilpatrick’s  report. 
I  also  spent  several  days  with  this  command  at  Stevensburg,  Va.,  in  the  winter  of  1863-64,  deriving  from  its 
officers  the  fullest  details,  which  fully  corroborated  statements  of  Confederate  officers  given  me  in  the  hospital 
at  Gettysburg. 


ex?  ‘j/Jlvr 

V 


! The  Compiler  s  Statement . 


It  will  probably  interest  some  who  view  the  painting  of  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg  to 
know  upon  what  authority  it  was  compiled,  and  what  facilities  I  had  which  will  justify  me 
in  presuming  to  publish  it  as  an  historical  representation  of  that  important  battle. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  I  determined  to  attach  myself  to  the  army  and  wait 
for  the  great  battle  which  would  naturally  decide  the  contest  ;  study  its  topography  on  the 
field,  and  learn  its  details  from  the  actors  themselves,  and  eventually  prepare  its  written 
and  illustrated  history.  I  joined  the  army  for  that  purpose  immediately  after  the  evacua¬ 
tion  of  Yorktown,  was  with  it  at  Seven  Pines  and  Fair  Oaks,  through  the  seven  days’ 
fights,  and  at  Harrison’s  Landing  ;  and  before  leaving  it  I  made  arrangements  with  officers 
of  rank  to  give  me  early  intelligence  of  any  important  movements  looking  to  a  decisive 
engagement.  Gettysburg  was  that  engagement. 

When  I  arrived  at  Gettysburg  the  debris  of  that  great  battle  lay  scattered  for  miles 
around.  Fresh  mounds  of  earth  marked  the  resting-place  of  the  fallen  thousands,  and 
many  of  the  dead  lay  yet  unburied.  It  therefore  required  no  guide  to  point  out  the  locality 
of  the  battle.  I  determined  to  make  an  isometrical  drawing  of  the  field. 

As  the  term  field ,  when  applied  to  a  battle,  is  generally  used  figuratively,  and,  by 
the  general  reader,  might  be  misunderstood,  it  is  well  to  consider,  at  the  start,  that  the 
battle  field  of  Gettysburg  not  only  embraces  within  its  boundaries  many  fields,  but 
forests  as  well,  and  even  the  town  of  Gettysburg  itself  is  included  within  its  limits.  The 
formation  of  the  ground  and  the  positions  of  the  troops  favored  the  plan  of  sketching 
the  field  while  facing  the  west.  Consequently  the  top  of  my  Drawing  of  it  is  west  ; 
the  right  hand,  north  ;  the  left,  south,  etc.  There  was  no  point  from  which  the  whole 
fie'd  could  be  sketched,  nor  would  such  a  position  have  favored  this  branch  of  art.  On 
the  contrary,  it  was  necessary  to  sketch  from  every  part  of  it,  combining  the  whole  into 
one  grand  view,  which  accounts  for  the  fact  that  every  participant  in  that  battle  will 
readily  discover  on  the  drawing  the  exact  locality  of  his  engagement,  and  the  movements 
of  his  command  can  be  as  readily  traced. 

Having  located  its  boundaries,  I  commenced  at  the  southeast  corner,  and  gradually 
moving  toward  the  north,  I  looked  toward  the  west,  and  sketched  the  landscape  carefully, 
as  far  as  the  vision  extended,  including  fields,  forests,  houses,  barns,  hills,  and  valleys  ; 
and  every  object,  however  minute,  which  could  influence  the  result  of  a  battle.  Thus  I 
continued  to  the  northeast  boundary,  a  distance  of  five  and  a  half  miles.  The  next  day 
I  resumed  my  work  at  the  south,  having  advanced  to  the  point  where  my  vision  had  been 
obstructed  the  preceding  day,  and  sketched  another  breadth  to  the  north,  as  before  ;  and 
so  continued,  day  by  day,  until  I  had  carried  my  drawing  forward  four  and  a  half 
miles,  which  included  within  its  limits  the  town  of  Gettysburg.  When  the  battlefield  had 
been  isometrically  drawn,  I  sketched  the  distance  and  added  a  sky. 

This  drawing  was  the  result  of  eighty-four  days  spent  on  the  field  immediately  after 
the  battle,  during  which  time  I  sketched  carefully  the  twenty-five  square  miles  which  it 
represents. 


30  GETTYSBURG -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 

I  spent  two  months  in  hospital  writing  down  the  statements  of  Confederate  prison¬ 
ers,  and  as  they  became  convalescent,  I  went  over  the  field  with  many  ot  their  officers, 
who  located  their  positions  and  explained  the  movements  of  their  commands  during  the 
battle. 

I  then  visited  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  consulted  with  its  commander-in-chief ; 
corps,  division,  and  brigade  commanders  ;  and  visited  every  regiment  and  battery  engaged 
in  the  battle,  to  whose  officers  the  sketch  of  the  field  was  submitted,  and  they,  after 
careful  consultation,  located  upon  it  the  positions  of  their  respective  commands. 

From  the  information  thus  obtained,  I  have  traced  the  movements  of  every  regiment 
and  battery  from  the  commencement  to  the  close  of  the  engagement,  and  have  located  on 
the  drawing  its  most  important  positions  for  each  of  the  three  days. 

Since  its  publication  I  issued  an  invitation  to  the  officers  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
to  visit  Gettysburg  with  me,  and  point  out  their  respective  positions  and  movements, 
thus  giving  an  opportunity  to  the  actors  in  this  great  drama  to  correct  any  misapprehen¬ 
sion,  and  establish,  while  still  fresh  in  memory,  the  facts  and  details  of  this  most  important 
battle  of  the  age.  This  invitation  was  responded  to  by  over  one  thousand  officers  engaged 
in  the  battle  ;  forty-six  of  whom  were  generals  commanding.  And  it  may  be  interesting 
to  those  who  possess  the  drawing,  to  know  that  but  one  solitary  regiment  was  discovered 
to  be  out  of  position  on  it. 


! The  Painting . 

Mr.  James  Walker,  the  artist,  who  executed  it,  spent  weeks  at  Gettysburg,  tran¬ 
scribing  the  portraiture  of  the  field  to  canvas,  which  was  done  in  the  most  pleasing  and 
lifelike  manner.  We  received  in  this  matter  the  kindest  support  and  co-operation  of  the 
officers  of  the  army  engaged  on  that  portion  of  the  field. 

Many  distinguished  general  officers,  on  my  invitation,  visited  Gettysburg,  and  went 
over  the  field  with  us,  and  pointed  out  all  the  details  of  this  great  turning-point  of  the 
Rebellion  ;  each  explaining  the  movements  of  their  several  commands.  Among  those  pres¬ 
ent  at  different  times  were  Generals  Meade,  Hancock,  Gibbon,  Howard,  Double¬ 
day,  Stannard,  H  unt,  Warren,  H  umphreys,  Graham,  Burling,  De  Trobriand, 
Wistar,  Dana,  Webb,  Baxter,  Devereux,  Bingham,  Newton,  Gates,  Robinson, 
Coulter,  Carr,  McAllister,  Madill,  Sykes,  Ayres,  Crawford,  Tilton,  Sweitzer, 
Chamberlain,  Slocum,  Shaler,  Meredith,  Stone,  Leonard,  Steinwehr,  Amsberg, 
Fowler,  Kane,  Greene,  Geary,  Selfridge,  Williams,  Gregg,  and  Martin,  together 
with  a  large  number  of  field,  line,  and  staff  officers.  Most  of  these  gentlemen  have  since 
kindly  called  at  Mr.  Walker’s  studio,  and  aided  the  work  with  their  advice.  Many 
others,  who  were  unable  to  meet  with  us  at  Gettysburg,  have,  at  considerable  trouble, 
visited  the  studio  in  New  York  ;  among  them  Generals  Hall,  Hazard,  Sickles,  Ward, 
Brewster,  and  Berdan,  and  General  Wilcox,  Colonel  Harrison  (General  Pickett’s 
adjutant-general),  and  Lieutentant-General  Longstreet  of  the  Confederate  army;  the 
latter  taking  great  interest  in  the  painting,  and  leaving  me  a  fine  letter  indorsing  its  accu¬ 
racy.  This  painting  was  designed  strictly  in  conformity  to  the  directions  of  these  gentle¬ 
men,  given  on  the  field  for  that  purpose,  and  from  the  reports  of  the  Confederate 
commanders,  furnished  to  me  by  the  government. 

This  great  representative  battle-scene  has  not  its  equal  in  America,  for  correctness  of 
design  or  accuracy  of  execution.  Gibbon’s  and  Hays’  divisions  and  the  corps  artillery 
occupy  the  immediate  foreground.  It  is  on  a  canvas  7  x  20  feet,  and  represents, 
not  only  every  regiment  engaged  at  that  portion  of  the  field,  but  where  the  formation 
of  the  ground  would  admit,  the  entire  left  wing  is  shown.  It  presents  such  an  accurate 
and  lifelike  portrait  of  the  country,  that  on  it  the  engagements  of  the  first  and  second 
days’  operations  can  readily  be  traced.  No  important  scene  has  been  screened  behind 
large  foreground  figures,  or,  for  the  want  of  a  knowledge  of  the  details,  hidden  by  con¬ 
venient  puffs  of  smoke  ;  but  every  feature  of  this  gigantic  struggle  has,  in  its  proper 
place,  been  woven  into  a  symmetrical  whole. 


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EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  OFFICIAL  REPORTS 


OF 


UNION  AND  CONFEDERATE 
COMMANDERS, 


Showing  the  Authority  for  and  Correctness  of  the  Location  and  Position 
of  Both  Armies  as  Delineated  in  the  Painting  of  the 


BATTLE  of  GETTYSBURG. 


Historically  Designed  iiy  John  B.  Bachelder, 


and  Painted  by  James  Walker. 


COMPILED,  BY  SPECIAL  PERMISSION  OF  GENERAL  U.  S.  GRANT, 


FROM  THE  CAPTURED  ARCHIVES  OF  THE  CONFEDERATE  GOVERNMENT,  AS  WELL  AS 
FROM  THE  RETORTS  AND  LETTERS  OF  UNION  OFFICERS. 


By  JOHN  B.  BACHELDER,  A.  M., 

Author  of  the  “  Isometrical  Drawing  of  the  Gettysburg  Battlefield,” 
and  Government  Historian  for  this  Battle. 


MAJOR-GENERAL  MEADE’S  LETTER. 


Headquarters  Military  Division  of  the  Atlantic, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December  4,  1869. 

John  B.  Bachelder,  New  York  City: — 

Your  letter  of  the  20th  ult.  was  received,  but  my  reply  has  been  delayed,  awaiting  the  return  from  the 
West  of  my  son,  who  was  with  me  on  the  occasion  alluded  to  by  you.  On  the  3d  of  July,  1863,  when  the 
enemy’s  batteries  were  opened,  I  was  at  the  house  on  the  Taneytown  road  occupied  by  me  as  headquarters. 
This  house,  as  you  are  aware,  was  situated  about  three  or  four  hundred  yards  in  rear  of  the  line  of  battle,  and 
about  the  center  of  the  enemy’s  converging  lines  of  fire.  Having  around  me  a  large  number  of  officers  and 
animals,  exposed  without  any  particular  necessity  to  the  very  severe  fire,  the  question  of  moving  my  head¬ 
quarters  to  a  position  less  exposed  was  repeatedly  brought  to  my  notice  ;  but  in  view  of  the  importance  of  my 
being  where  it  was  known  I  could  be  found,  I  felt  compelled  to  decline  listening  to  any  appeals  till  near  (as  it 
afterward  proved)  the  close  of  the  bombardment,  when  being  informed  there  was  a  signal  officer  on  the  hill 
on  the  Baltimore  pike  (occupied  as  headquarters  by  Major-General  Slocum),  who  could  communicate  with 
the  signal  officer  at  the  headquarters  I  was  occupying,  I  ordered  headquarters  to  be  transferred  to  this  hill. 
Prior  to  doing  so,  I  moved  over  to  a  barn  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Taneytown  road,  which  seemed  to  be 
out  of  the  line  of  the  heaviest  fire,  but  which,  on  reaching,  was  as  much  exposed  as  the  place  I  had  left.  On 
arriving  at  the  hill  selected,  I  at  once  went  to  the  signal  officer  on  the  summit,  and  directed  him  to  communi¬ 
cate  my  arrival  to  the  officer  I  had  left  at  the  house.  I  then  ascertained  the  signal  officer  at  the  hou<=e  had 
left  there. 

As  soon  as  I  learned  this,  I  returned  immediately  to  my  old  headquarters.  Owing  to  the  change  of  po¬ 
sition,  the  difficulty  of  finding  their  horses,  and  ignorance  of  my  movements  from  inability  to  follow  me,  I 
found,  when  returning,  that  I  was  separated  from  all  my  staff,  having  only  a  few  orderlies  with  me.  On  my 
way  back  I  met  several  of  my  staff  dismounted  ;  among  them,  my  son, who  informed  me  his  horse  had  been 
killed.  I  directed  him  to  take  the  horse  of  one  of  the  orderlies  and  follow  me.  The  enemy’s  artillery  fire 
ceasing,  heavy  musketry  fire  being  heard,  and  I  meeting  many  men  moving  to  the  rear,  I  was  satisfied  an  as¬ 
sault  was  being  made.  I  therefore,  on  reaching  my  old  headquarters,  rode  straight  up  to  the  line  of  battle, ,J0  “ 
arriving  there  just  as  the  large  number  of  prisoners  that  came  into  our  lines  had  crossed  them,  and  were  moving 
to  the  rear.1'4  1  inquired  of  the  first  officer  whom  I  met  whether  the  assault  had  been  repulsed,  and  received 
from  him  the  reply  that  it  had.  This  officer,  my  son  (who  by  this  time  had  rejoined  me)  tells  me  was  Lieu¬ 
tenant  John  Egan,  1st  regiment  U.  S.  artillery,  now  captain  of  infantry.  My  son  also  informs  me  that  T  was 
at  this  moment  accompanied  by  Lieutenant  R.  S.  McKenzie,  U.  S.  Engineers,  acting  on  this  day  as  aid-de- 
camp,  and  that  I  sent  him  ( Lieutenant  McKenzie)  off  with  some  orders.  This  fact  had  escaped  my  memory, 
as  likewise  the  report  which  Major  Mitchell,  of  General  Hancock’s  staff,  states  he  made  to  me,  of  the  general’s 
being  wounded.  There  can  be  no  question  that  the  report  was  made  as  stated  by  Major  Mitchell ;  but  I  men¬ 
tion  the  two  incidents  to  show  that  in  the  excitement  of  battle,  no  individual’s  memory  unsupported  by  corrob¬ 
orative  evidence  is  to  be  relied  on,  however  honest  or  truthful  the  individual  may  be.  The  only  officer  I  met 
whom  I  recognized  was  Captain  Haskell,  of  Major-General  Gibbon’s  staff.  Finding  the  assault  was  repulsed, 
and  hearing  firing  on  Cemetery  Hill,  I  rode  over  there,  and  after  a  short  interview  with  Major-General  How¬ 
ard,  I  returned  to  my  old  headquarters  at  the  house,  whence  (being  rejoined  by  the  most  of  my  staff)  I  re¬ 
turned  to  the  line  of  battle,  crossed  it,  and  rode  down  the  front  to  Round  Top,  to  confer  with  Major-General 
Sykes.  I  have  always  been  under  the  impression  that  the  contest  was  virtually  closed  when  I  reached  the 
scene,  although  my  horse  was  shot  while  there,  with  a  musket-ball,  and  my  son  had  his  horse  killed  under 
him  by  a  shell,  the  enemy  reopening  his  batteries  with  great  fury  the  moment  the  assaulting  column  was  seen 
to  give  way.  I  did  not  myself  see  any  of  the  assaulting  columns,  except,  as  previously  mentioned,  those  who 
preferred  coming  into  our  lines  to  returning  under  the  heavy  artillery  fire  from  both  lines  ;  these  I  met  just  as 


.  Jle  reference  figures  which  follow  do  not  appear  in  the  original  manuscript,  but  indicate  such  portions  of 

it  as  relate  to  the  composition  of  the  painting,  and  refer  the  reader  to  the  outline  Key  to  it. 


UNION  REPORTS. 


35 


they  passed  into  our  lines,  and  rode  through  them  as  I  approached  the  line  of  battle.90' 174  Of  the  fact  that  I 
was  only  accompanied  by  two  staff  officers  (my  son,  Lieutenant  George  Meade,  6th  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  aid- 
de-camp,  and  Lieutenant  R.  S.  McKenzie,  U.  S.  Engineers,  acting  aid-de-camp),  there  can  be  no  question,  as 
my  memory  on  this  point  is  confirmed  by  the  recollection  of  my  son.  Hoping  this  letter  will  answer  your 
purposes,  I  remain,  very  respectfully  yours, 

George  G.  Meade,  Major-General  U.  S.  Army. 


UNION  REPORTS. 


Extract  from  Major-General  Hancock’s  Report. 

*  *  *  Arriving  at  between  two  and  three  hundred  yards,  the  troops  of  the  enemy  were  met  by  a  de¬ 

structive  fire  from  the  divisions  of  Gibbon  and  Hays,  which  they  promptly  returned,  and  the  fight  at  once 
became  fierce  and  general.  In  front  of  Hays’  division  it  was  not  of  very  long  duration  ;  mowed  down  by 
canister  from  Woodruff’s  battery,110  by  the  fire  of  two  98  regiments  judiciously  posted  by  General  Hays  in  his 
extreme  front  and  right,  and  the  fire  of  different  lines  in  the  rear,  the  enemy  broke  in  disorder,  leaving  fifteen 
(15)  colors,  and  nearly  two  thousand  (2,000)  prisoners114  in  the  hands  of  this  division.  Those  of  the  ene¬ 
my’s  troops  which  did  not  fall  into  disorder  in  front  of  the  3d  division  were  moved  to  their  right,  1°°  and 
re-enforced  the  line  attacking  Gibbon’s  division.  The  right  of  the  attacking  line  having  been  repulsed  by 
Hall’s  and  Harrow’s  brigades,  of  the  latter  division,  assisted  by  the  fire  of  two  Vermont  regiments  of  Stannard’s 
brigade,6-) 63  doubled  to  its  left,  and  also  re-enforced  the  center,  and  thus  the  attack  was  in  its  fullest  strength 

opposite  the  brigade  of  General  Webb.  This  brigade  was  disposed  in  two  lines.  Two  regiments  of  the 

brigade,  the  69th  Pennsylvania 78  and  the  71st  Pennsylvania 89  volunteers,  were  behind  a  low  stone  wall84  and 
slight  breastwork  hastily  constructed  by  them  ;  the  remainder  of  the  brigade  (7^d  Pennsylvania  volunteers  83 ) 

being  behind  the  crest  some  sixty  paces  to  the  rear,  and  so  disposed  as  to  fire  over  the  heads  of  those  in 

front.®  When  the  enemy’s  line  had  nearly  reached  the  stone  wall,  led  by  General  Armistead,  the  most  of 
that  part  of  Webb’s  brigade  posted  here  abandoned  their  position,  but  fortunately  did  not  retreat  entirely. 
They  were  immediately,  by  the  personal  bravery  of  General  Webb  81  and  his  officers,  formed  behind  the  crest 
before  referred  to,  which  was  occupied  by  the  remnant  of  the  brigade.83!89  Emboldened  by  seeing  this  indi¬ 
cation  of  weakness,  the  enemy  pushed  forward  more  pertinaciously,  numbers  of  them  crossing  over  the  breast¬ 
work  84  abandoned  by  the  troops.  The  fight  here  became  very  close  and  deadly.  The  enemy’s  battle-flags 
were  soon  seen  waving  on  the  stone  wall.84  Passing  at  this  time,  Colonel  Devereux,  commanding  the  19th 
Massachusetts  volunteers,71  anxious  to  be  in  the  right  place,  applied  to  me  for  permission  to  move  his  regiment 
to  the  right  and  to  the  front,  where  the  line  had  broken.  I  granted  it,  and  his  regiment,  and  Colonel  Mallon’s 
42d  New  York  volunteers,73  on  his  right,  proceeded  there  at  once.  But  the  enemy,  having  left  Colonel 
Hall’s  fronf,  as  described  before,  this  officer  promptly  moved  his  command38!09  by  the  right  flank  to  still 
further  re-enforce  the  position  of  General  Webb,  and  was  immediately  followed  by  Harrow’s  brigade.60! 61> 64’  66 
The  movement  was  executed,  but  not  without  confusion,  owing  to  many  men  leaving  their  ranks  to  fire  at 
the  enemy  from  the  breastworks.  The  situation  was  now  very  peculiar.  The  men  of  all  the  brigades  had  in 
some  measure  lost  their  regimental  organization,  but  individually  they  were  firm.  The  ambition  of  individual 
commanders  to  promptly  cover  the  point  penetrated  by  the  enemy,  the  smoke  of  battle,  and  the  intensity  of 
the  close  engagement  caused  this  confusion.  The  point,  however,  was  now  covered.  In  regular  formation  our 
line  would  have  stood  four  ranks  deep.  The  colors  of  the  different  regiments  were  now  advanced,  waving  in 
defiance  of  the  long  line  of  battle-flags  presented  by  the  enemy.  The  men  pressed  firmly  after  them,  under 
the  energetic  commands  and  examples  of  their  officers,  and,  after  a  few  moments  of  desperate  fighting,  the 
enemy  were  repulsed,  threw  down  their  arms,  and  found  safety  in  flight,  or  by  throwing  themselves  on  the 
ground  to  escape  our  fire.  The  battle-flags  were  ours,  and  the  victory  was  won.  Gibbon’s  division  secured 
twelve  (12)  stands  of  colors,  and  prisoners  enough  to  swell  the  number  captured  by  the  corps  to  about  forty- 
five  hundred  (4,500).  *  *  * 

#  ^  ^  I  had  the  misfortune  to  lose  the  valuable  services  ol  Brigadier-General  John  Gibbon,  commanding 
the  2d  division,  who  was  severely  wounded.41  A  short  time  afterward  I  was  wounded  49  myself,  but  was 
enabled  to  remain  on  the  field  until  the  action  was  entirely  over.  *  *  * 

a.  The  lOtith  Pennsylvania  volunteers  had  be.en  ordered  to  report  to  General  Howard  the  evening  before,  one 
company  only  remaining  with  the  brigade. 


36 


GETTYSBURG -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


Extract  from  Report  of  Brigadier-General  Hunt,  commanding  the  Atillery 

of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

*  *  *  On  the  left  of  the  cemetery  N  the  batteries  of  the  2d  corps  were  in  line  on  the  crest  occupied  by 
their  corps  in  the  following  order  from  right  to  left  :  Woodruff’s,  I,  1st  United  States,  six  1 2-pounders  ;110 
Arnold’s,  A,  1st  Rhode  Island,  six  3-inch  ;443  Cushing’s,  A,  4th  United  States,  six  3-inch  ;87  Brown’s,  B, 
1st  Rhode  Island,  four  12-pounders;43  and  Rorty’s,  B,  1st  New  York,  four  io-pounders, 45  all  under  the 
command  of  Captain  Hazard,70  chief  2d  corps  artillery.®  Next  on  the  left  of  the  artillery  of  the  2d  corps 
were  stationed  Thomas’  battery,  C,  4th  United  States,  six  3-inch  guns  ;26  and  on  his  left  h  Major  McGil- 

very’s  command,26  consisting  of  Thompson’s,  C  and  F,  Pennsylvania,  five  3-inch  ;  Phillips’,  5th  Massachu¬ 

setts,  six  3-inch  ;  Hart’s,  15th  New  York  (independent),  four  12-pounders  ;  Sterling’s,  2d  Connecticut, 
four  James  rifles  and  two  howitzers  ;  Rock’s  section,  New  Jersey,  two  3-inch;  Cooper’s,  B,  1st  Pennsyl¬ 
vania,  four  3-inch;  Dow’s,  6th  Maine,  four  12-pounders;  Ames’,  G,  1st  New  York,  six  12-pounders. 
On  the  extreme  left,  occupying  the  position  of  the  day  before,  were  Gibbs’,  L,  1st  Ohio,34c  and  Rittenhouse’s, 
D,  5th  United  States,  six  io-pounders  37  (all  under  command  of  Captain  Martin,  chief  of  5th  corps  artillery). 
Rittenhouse’s  battery  was  in  excellent  position  for  the  service  of  his  rifled  guns.  We  had  thus  on  the  western 
crest  line  seventy-five  guns,  which  could  be  aided  by  a  few  of  those  on  Cemetery  Hill.  [See  Major  Osborne’s 
Report,  chief  11th  corps  artillery.]  *  *  *  About  3  o’clock  p.  m.,  and  soon  after  the  enemy’s  fire  had 

ceased,  he  formed  a  column  of  attack  in  the  edge  of  the  woods  in  front  of  the  2d  corps.  At  this  time,  Fitz- 
hugh’s,1  Parsons’,  11)d9-*  Weir’s,125  and  Cowan’s 50  batteries  reached  this  point,  and  were  put  in  position  in 
front  of  the  advancing  enemy.  *  *  *  The  enemy  advanced  in  three  lines.  When  they  came  within 

range  our  canister  fire  and  musketry  were  opened  upon  them,  occasioning  disorder  ;  but  still  they  advanced 

gallantly  until  they  reached  the  stone  wall84  behind  which  our  troops  lay.  Here  ensued  a  desperate  conflict, 
the  enemy  succeeding  in  passing  the  wall  and  entering  our  lines,  causing  great  destruction  of  life,  especially 
among  the  batteries.  Infantry  troops  were,  however,  advanced  from  our  right08  [and  left],'7  the  rear  of  the 
enemy  broke,  and  the  others,  who  had  fought  with  a  gallantry  that  excited  the  admiration  of  our  troops, 
found  themselves  cut  oft  and  compelled  to  surrender.  As  soon  as  their  fate  was  evident,  the  enemy  opened 
his  batteries  upon  the  masses  of  our  troops  at  this  point,  without  regard  to  the  presence  of  his  own.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Brigadier-General  Gibbon,  commanding  zd  Division, 

2D  Corps. 

*  *  *  At  this  time  the  enemy  displayed  his  first  line  coming  out  of  the  woods,  and  preceded  by  a  heavy 

line  of  skirmishers,  which  commenced  immediately  to  push  ours  back.  The  line  moved  steadily  to  the  front 
in  a  way  to  excite  the  admiration  of  every  one,  and  was  followed  by  a  second  and  third,  extending  all  along  our 
front  as  far  as  the  eye  could  reach. 

Our  guns  were  run  well  forward,  so  as  to  give  them  a  good  sweep  over  the  ground,  loaded  with  canister, 
and  the  men  warned  to  keep  well  under  cover,  and  to  reseve  their  fire  until  the  enemy  got  well  within  range. 
As  the  front  line  came  up  it  was  met  with  such  a  withering  fire  of  canister  and  musketry  as  soon  melted  it 
away  ;  but  still  on  they  came  from  behind,  pressing  forward  to  the  wall.  By  this  time  most  of  our  artillery¬ 
men  had  fallen,  and  but  an  occasional  cannon  shot  along  the  line  interrupted  the  continuous  rattle  of  musketry. 
The  right  of  the  tnemy  s  line  did  not  extend  as  far  as  the  left  of  my  division,  and  while  urging  forward  some 
of  my  left  regiments  to  take  his  line  in  flank,  I  was  wounded,  and  left  the  field.44 

The  rest  is  told  by  the  brigade  reports.  Webb  s  line  of  three  small  regiments  was  overwhelmed  and  driven 
back  by  the  superior  masses  of  the  enemy  ;  83. 80  but  Hall’s  men,  skillfully  directed  by  himself,77  and  the  gallant 
Devereux,  Mallon,  and  others,  rushed  to  the  rescue  and  fell  upon  his  flank.73.  71,69,68. 


ci.  The  batteries  on  the  south  of  the  Baltimore  turnpike,  under  Major  Osborne, 122  chief  of  11th  corps  artillery, 
were  Taft’s,  Bancroft’s,  Eakins’,  Edgell’s,  Hill’s,  and  Dilger’s. 

b.  I  find  a  memorandum  in  my  notebook,  made  at  the  front,  in  the  winter  of  1863-64,  that  Daniels’  9th  Michi¬ 
gan  battery  ( horse  artillery)  was  in  position  at  this  place.  Captain  Daniels’ report  is  not  sufficiently  explicit  to 
locate  his  position.  It  is  known,  however,  that  he  reported  to  Major-General  Newton,  during  the  cannonade,  and 
was  placed  in  position  by  him  on  this  front. 

r.  The  guns  of  this  battery  were  of  too  short  range  to  be  effective  on  the  charging  column.  —  Ed. 
d.  Hall’s,  Harrow’s,  and  Stannard’s  brigades. 


UNION  REPORTS. 


37 


Extract  from  Report  of  General  Harrow,  commanding  ist  Brigade,  2d 

Division,  zd  Corps. 

*  *  *  At  3  p.  m.  his  infantry  columns  moved  from  the  woods  one  thousand  yards  distant,  and  steadily 

advanced  to  the  assault.  After  crossing  the  Emmettsburg  and  Gettysburg  road  L  in  two  lines,  with  supports 
upon  the  right  and  left,  accommodating  themselves,  as  far  as  possible,  to  the  low  grounds  in  front  of  the 
division,  this  movement  brought  them  first  in  range  of  the  guns  of  the  1st  brigade.  But  the  crest  of  the  hill 
occupied  by  the  right  of  Colonel  Hall’s  brigade  and  the  left  of  Webb’s,  seemed  to  be  the  point  to  which 
their  main  attack  was  directed.  As  their  purpose  became  manifest,  the  1st  and  3d  brigades  of  this  division 
inclined  to  the  right,  engaging  the  enemy  as  they  moved,  the  whole  command  meeting  the  shock  from  the 
enemy’s  heaviest  lines  and  support  near  the  crest  of  the  ridge  M-60)  61<  69i  71>  73  Here  the  contest  raged 

with  almost  unparalleled  ferocity.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Brigadier-General  Webb’s  Report. 

*  *  *  At  three  o’clock  the  enemy’s  line  left  the  woods  in  our  front,  moved  in  perfect  order  across  the 

Emmettsburg  road  L>  formed  in  the  hollow,  in  our  immediate  front,  several  lines  of  battle,  under  a  fire  of 
spherical  case  from  our  batteries,  and  advanced  to  the  assault.  The  71st  Pennsylvania  volunteers  89  was 
advanced  to  the  wall,84  on  the  right  of  the  69th  Pennsylvania  volunteers.78  Three  of  Cushing’s  guns82  were 
run  down  to  the  wall,  carrying  with  them  their  canister.  The  73d  Pennsylvania  volunteers  83  held  the  reserve 
under  the  crest  of  the  hill.  The  enemy  advanced  steadily  to  the  wall,84  driving  out  a  portion  of  the  71st 
Pennsylvania  volunteers,89  General  Armistead  passing  over  the  fence  with  probably  over  one  hundred  of  his 
command,  and  with  several  battle-flags.  The  72d  Pennsylvania  volunteers88  were  ordered  up  to  hold  the 
crest,  and  advanced  to  within  forty  paces  of  the  enemy’s  line.  Colonel  Smith,  commanding  the  71st  Penn¬ 
sylvania  volunteers,  threw  two  companies95  of  his  command  behind  the  stone  wall,  on  the  right  of  Cushing,87 
fifty  paces  retired  from  the  point  of  attack.  The  69th  Pennsylvania  volunteers,78  and  the  most  of  the  71st 
Pennsylvania  volunteers,  even  after  the  enemy  were  in  their  rear,  held  their  position.  The  72d  Pennsylvania 
volunteers  83  fought  steadily  and  persistently,  but  the  enemy  probably  would  have  succeeded  in  piercing  our  lines 
had  not  Colonel  Hall77  (commanding  3d  brigade)  advanced  with  several  of  his  regiments  to  my  support. 
Defeated  —  routed  —  the  enemy  fled  in  disorder.  General  Armistead  14(5  was  left  mortally  wounded  within  my 
lines,  and  forty-two  of  the  enemy  who  crossed  the  fence  lay  dead.  *  *  *  Lieutenant  A.  H.  Cushing,76  4th 
United  States  artillery,  fell  mortally  wounded  at  the  fence  by  the  side  of  his  guns.82  Cool,  brave,  competent, 
he  fought  for  an  hour  and  a  half  after  he  had  reported  to  me  that  he  was  wounded  in  both  thighs. 


Extract  from  a  Letter  written  by  General  Webb  to  his  Family  immediately 

AFTER  THE  BaTTLE. 

*  *  *  As  they  steadily  advanced,  I  ordered  my  few  guns  to  fire,  and  we  opened  great  gaps  in  them  ;  but 
steadily  they  advanced  in  four  solid  lines  —  right  on  up  to  my  works  or  fence,  and  shot  my  men  when  their 
muskets  touched  their  breasts.  Seeing  two  companies  driven  out,  my  artillery  in  their  hands,  I  ordered  up 
my  reserve  regiment,83  and  led  it  myself.81  General  Armistead  (an  old  army  officer)  led  his  men,  came 
over  my  fence,  and  passed  me  with  four  of  his  men.  He  fell,  mortally  wounded.146  I  got  hit,  one  shot 
grazing  my  thigh.  *  *  *  As  soon  as  I  got  my  right  up  to  the  wall,  the  enemy  were  whipped.  When  my 
men  fell  back  I  almost  wished  to  get  killed.  I  was  almost  disgraced.  But  Hall  (colonel),77  on  my  left,  saw 
it  all  and  brought  up  his  regiments  to  help  me.  Gibbon  was  wounded  near  me,41  Hancock  also.49  General 
Meade  himself  rode  up  near  me.90  *  *  *  I  killed  forty-two  rebels  inside-  of  the  fence,  besides  General 
Armistead. 

A.  S.  Webb.® 

a  College  of  the  City  of  New  York, 

New  York  City,  Nov.  25,  1809. 

Colonel  John  B.  Bachelder,  59  Beekman  St.,  New  York  :  — 

cIR)  _  Having  been  shown  by  you  my  official  report  of  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  having  been  asked  to  state 
whether  or  not  I  had  any  corrections  to  make  in  the  language  of  said  report,  I  have  to  thank  you  for  bringing  to  my 
notice  the  expressions  used,  and,  as  the  result  of  careful  investigation,  1  make  the  following  changes  in  the  extract 
which  you  publish  :  — 


38 


GETTYSBURG -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


Major  Mitchell’s  Letter  to  General  Hancock. 

Headquarters  Military  Department,  Office  Assistant  Inspector-General, 

Baltimore,  Md.,  January  io,  1866. 

General,  —  I  have  the  honor  to  furnish  you  with  the  following  statement  concerning  the  verbal  mes¬ 
sage  which  you  directed  me  to  deliver  to  Major-General  Meade  during  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  on  the  even¬ 
ing  of  July  3,  1863. 

I  was  directed  to  deliver  the  message  herein  referred  to,  to  Genera.  Meade  when  you  were  lying  on  the 
ground  wounded  on  the  line  of  battle  of  the  2d  army  corps,  a  few  moments  after  the  enemy’s  grand  assault  had 
been  repulsed,  and  when  they  were  retreating  in  confusion  from  the  field.  The  message  was  as  follows  :  — 

“Tell  General  Meade  that  the  troops  under  my  command  have  repulsed  the  enemy’s  assault,  and  that 
we  have  gained  a  great  victory.  The  enemy  is  now  flying  in  all  directions  in  my  front.” 

I  delivered  the  message  to  General  Meade  on  the  field  as  he  was  riding  up  toward  the  crest  of  Cemetery 
Hill,  a  few  moments  after  I  received  it,  and  also  informed  him  that  you  were  dangerously  wounded.1'®  He 
replied  as  follows  :  — 

“Say  to  General  Hancock  that  I  regret  exceedingly  that  he  is  wounded,  and  that  I  thank  him  for  the 
country  and  for  myself  for  the  service  he  has  rendered  to-day.”  *  *  * 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

(Signed)  W.  G.  Mitchell, 

Brevet  Brigadier-General  Volunteers, 

Inspector-General  M.  M.  Department. 

P.  S.  — The  message  from  General  Hancock,  and  the  reply  of  General  Meade  above  given,  are  taken 
from  a  written  memorandum  made  by  me  on  the  evening  of  the  3d  of  July,  1863. 


Extract  from  a  Letter  from  Lieutenant  Hamilton,  Acting  Adjutant  59TH 

New  York  Volunteers. 

*  *  *  All  the  regiments  on  our  left  broke  to  the  rear,®  and  this®”  alone  remained  at  the  works. 

Captain  McFadden  commanded  from  the  time  Lieutenant-Colonel  Thomas  was  killed  (on  the  2d)  until  after 
the  fight  was  over. 


Letter  from  Lieutenant-Colonel  Macy,  commanding  20TH  Massachusetts 

Volunteers  (Extract). 

*  *  *  The  right  of  the  20th  Massachusetts®8  rested  on  the  7th  Michigan,®®  and  on  the  right  of 
the  7th  was  the  59th  New  York  volunteers.®'  *  *  *  In  my  opinion,  the  enemy  had  penetrated  as  far 
as  the  guns8^  when  I  got  my  order  from  Colonel  Hall  (commanding  brigade)  to  move  my  command  upon 
the  flank  of  the  enemy,  and  “go  at  them.”  My  order  was  brought  to  me  by  Captain  Leach,  and  was  this  : 
“  Colonel  Hall  directs  that  you  move  the  20th  in  rear  of  the  line  and  attack  the  flank  of  the  enemy  as  they 


Instead  of  the  words,  c  Colonel  Smith,  commanding  71st  Pennsylvania  volunteers,  threw  two  companies,”  etc., 
I  would  now  insert,  “  Two  companies  of  the  71st  Pennsylvania  volunteers  were  thrown  behind  the  stone  wall,”  etc. 

Where  I  used  the  words,  “the  most  of  the  71st  Pennsylvania  volunteers,”  I  desire  to  insert  therefor,  “a  por¬ 
tion  of  the  71st  Pennsylvania  volunteers.”  Where  the  words,  “  the  72d  Pennsylvania  volunteers  fought  steadily.” 
etc.,  occur,  I  desire  to  insert  therefor,  “  the  portion  of  the  72d  Pennsylvania  volunteers  near  me  remained  steadily  in 
their  position,  a  little  retired  from  the  crest,  and  fired  at  the  advancing  enemy.  Since  I  had  not  succeeded  in  making 
a  charge  with  this  regiment,  the  enemy  would  probably,”  etc. 

1  o  do  justice  to  the  69th  Pennsylvania  volunteers,  and  the  members  of  the  71st  Pennsylvania  volunteers  that 
were  with  the  69th,  I  should  have  stated  that,  leaving  the  72d  Pennsylvania  volunteers  in  position,  I  went  to  the  69th 
and  found  them  at  the  stone  wall,  and  pointed  out  to  them  that  a  portion  of  the  enemy  was  in  their  rear. 

I  remain,  with  highest  respect,  your  obedient  servant, 

Alex.  S.  Webb, 

Brevet  Major-General,  United  States  Army. 

a.  Lieutenant  Hamilton’s  report  was  literally  true,  although  it  might  be  misunderstood.  The  regiments  on  the 
left  of  the  59th  New  York  volunteers  did  '  ‘  break  from  their  right  to  the  rear.”  But  it  was  done  by  the  order  of  their 
commanding  officers.  They  then  moved  to  the  right  in  rear  of  the  59th  and  became  engaged  at  the  copse  of 
trees  M. 


UNION  REPORTS. 


39 


come  in.  ’  Seeing  the  impossibility  of  executing  any  regular  movement,  I  at  once  ordered  Captain  Abbott, 
who  commanded  the  right  company,  to  “move  in  a  mass  on  the  enemy.”  Knowing  that  a  hand-to-hand 
fight  was  coming,  I  told  Abbott  that  I  would  follow  with  the  other  companies.  Captain  Abbott  led  gallantly 
off,  and  his  men  followed  him  without  regard  to  order.  #  %  # 


Extract  from  Report  of  Captain  Ellingwood,  commanding  i  c;th  Massachu¬ 
setts  Volunteers. 

*  *  About  i  p.  m.  the  enemy  opened  a  heavy  fire  of  artillery  upon  our  lines,  during  which  we 

lost  one  man  killed  and  two  wounded.  Soon  after,*'1  an  attack  of  infantry  was  made  ;  we  moved  by  the 
right  flank  a  short  distance,  and  became  hotly  engaged.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Captain  Darrow,  commanding  82nd  New  York 

Volunteers.60 

*  *  *  In  the  action  on  the  3d  w'e  lost  a  number  of  men  during  the  cannonade.  When  the  enemy 

advanced  we  were  ordered  to  the  right,*’*’  toward  a  small  grove  M,  and  charged  through  it,  driving  the  enemy 
before  us,  and  captured  two  flags,  from  the  1st  and  7th  Virginia  regiments,  with  a  loss  of  four  officers  and 
sixty-four  men.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Colonel  Heath,  19TH  Maine  Volunteers. 

*  *  *  On  the  3d  instant  my  position  was  on  the  left  of  the  Sad  New  York  volunteers.*’*’  Shortly 

after  the  advance  of  the  enemy,  my  regiment  was  ordered  by  the  general  commanding  to  the  assistance  of  the 
2d  brigade  (Webb’s).81  We  moved  up  by  the  right  flank,*14  and  assisted  in  the  repulse  of  the  attacking  party. 
Here  my  loss  was  very  heavy.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Captain  Coates,  commanding  ist  Minnesota 

Volunteers. 

*  *  *  Heavy  columns  of  infantry  were  thrown  suddenly  forward  against  our  position.  They 

marched  resolutely  in  the  face  of  a  withering  fire  up  to  our  lines,  and  succeeded  in  planting  their  colors  on  one 
of  our  batteries. The  point  of  attack  was  to  the  right  of  our  position,  and  held  by  the  2d  brigade 
(Webb’s)84  of  our  division  (2d),  2d  corps.  As  the  enemy  approached,  we  were  moved  by  the  right  flank  to 
oppose  them,60  firing  upon  them  as  we  approached,  and  sustaining  their  fire,  together  with  the  fire  of  the  bat¬ 
teries,  which  they  had  brought  up  to  short  range.140  The  firing  here  was  desperate  for  a  time.  At  length 
the  regiment  with  others  closed  in  upon  the  enemy,  and  nearly  the  whole  of  the  rebel  force  who  remained 
alive  were  taken  prisoners.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Colonel  Gates,  commanding  20TH  New  York  State 

Militia. 

*  *  *  The  enemy  came  forward  rapidly,  and  began  firing  as  soon  as  they  were  in  range  of  our  men. 

When  they  had  approached  within  about  200  feet  of  the  bottom  of  the  valley  heretofore  mentioned,  the  troops 
of  my  command  opened  a  warm  fire  upon  them.  Almost  immediately  their  first  line  faced  by  the  left  flank, 
and  were  moved  at  double-quick  up  the  valley,  and  toward  Gettysburg.  The  second  line  obliqued  to  the  left 
and  closed  upon  the  right  of  the  first  line.  Reaching  a  position  opposite  the  bluff  M,  they  faced  to  the  right, 
and  moved  forward  rapidly  in  line  of  battle.  Perceiving  that  their  purpose  was  to  gain  the  bluff,  I  moved  my 
command  by  the  right  flank  57  to  the  foot  of  the  bluff,  delivering  our  fire  as  we  marched,  and  keeping  between 
the  enemy  and  the  object  of  his  enterprise.  He  succeeded  in  reaching  the  fence  at  the  foot  of  the  bluff,  but 
with  ranks  broken,  and  his  men  evidently  disheartened.  Some  succeeded  in  getting  over  the  fence  into  the 
slashing,  from  which,  and  behind  the  fence,  they  kept  up  a  murderous  fire.  *  *  * 


40 


GETTYSBURG -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


Extract  from  a  Letter  from  Captain  Owens,  commanding  151ST  Pennsylvania 

Volunteers. 

*  *  *  The  enemy  made  their  appearance  a  little  to  the  left  of  our  position,  but  marching  in  an 

oblique  direction,  until  they  had  moved  to  the  right  of  us.  For  some  reason,  I  do  not  know  what,  the  2d 
corps  troops  moved  to  the  right,  and  the  20th  New  York  State  Militia57  and  the  151st  Pennsylvania  volun¬ 
teers'^  followed,  loading  and  firing  as  we  ran,  until  we  got  to  a  small  grove  M,  which  seemed  to  be  the  point 
aimed  at  by  the  enemy.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Brigadier-General  Stannard’s  Report. 

*  *  *  The  charge  was  aimed  directly  upon  my  command,50  but  owing,  apparently,  to  the  firm  front 

shown  them,  the  enemy  143  diverged  midway,  and  came  upon  the  line  upon  my  right. 84  *  *  *  As  soon 

as  the  change  of  front  became  evident,  I  ordered  a  flank  attack  upon  the  enemy’s  column,  forming  in  the 
open  meadow,  in  front  of  our  lines.  The  13th  Vermont  volunteers6-  “  changed  front  forward  on  first  com¬ 
pany,”  the  1 6th  Vermont  volunteers,63  after  deploying,  performed  the  same,  and  formed  on  the  left  of  the 
13th,  at  right  angles  to  the  main  line  of  our  army,  bringing  them  in  line  of  battle  upon  the  flank  of  the 
charging  division  of  the  enemy,143  and  opened  a  destructive  fire,  at  short  range,  which  the  enemy  sustained 
but  a  very  few  moments  before  the  larger  portion  of  them  surrendered,  and  marched  in,  not  as  conquerors,  but 
as  captives.® 

Extract  from  Report  of  Brigadier-General  Hays,103  commanding  3D  Division,  2D 

Corps. 

*  *  *  Anticipating  the  movement  of  the  enemy,  I  caused  the  house  and  barn  in  our  front,  which 

interrupted  the  fire  of  our  artillery,  to  be  burned  down.N  *  *  * 

Their  march  was  as  steady  as  if  impelled,  marching  unbroken  by  our  artillery,  which  played  upon  them 
a  storm  of  missiles.  When  within  one  hundred  yards  of  our  line  of  infantry,  the  fire  of  our  men  could  no 
longer  be  restrained.  Four  lines  101>  102>  10--a  arose  from  behind  our  stone  wall,  and  before  the  smoke  of 
our  first  volley  had  cleared  away,  the  enemy,  in  dismay  and  consternation,  were  seeking  safety  in  flight. 
Many  attempts  to  rally  them  by  their  officers  were  vain.  In  less  time  than  1  can  recount  it  they  were  throw¬ 
ing  away  their  arms,  and  appealing  most  piteously  for  mercy.  The  Angel  of  Death  can  alone  produce  such  a 
field  as  was  presented.  The  division  captured  and  turned  in  to  headquarters  fifteen  battle-flags.  A  number 
of  others  were  captured,  but  have  been  surreptitiously  disposed  of.  Colonel  Sherrill,  126th  New  York  vol¬ 
unteers,  was  mortally  wounded.109  Colonel  McDougall,  111th  New  Yo~k  volunteers,  and  Major  Hildebrant, 
39th  New  York  volunteers,  were  severely  wounded,  leaving  the  brigade  in  command  of  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Bull.  Colonel  Smyth,  commanding  2d  brigade,  was  severely  wounded  in  the  head  and  face  by  a  shell,1"4 
which,  however,  did  not  prevent  his  return  to  duty  next  day.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Captain  Seeley,  commanding  iiith  New  York.?' 

*  *  *  During  the  hottest  of  the  fire  the  regiment  formed  and  marched  up  by  the  right  flank1"5-®  to 

the  crest  of  the  hill,  and  formed  in  the  rear  of  the  1  tth  New  Jersey,102  who  were  lying  under  shelter  of  a 
stone  wall.  *  *  *  The  enemy  were  seen  advancing  in  three  heavy  lines,  preceded  by  a  cloud  of  skirmish¬ 

ers.  Not  a  man  flinched,  but  every  brow  was  knit  and  lips  compressed  with  determination  to  win  or  die,  and 
win  they  did.  *  *  * 

Extract  from  Report  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Franklin  Sawyer,  commanding  8th 

Ohio  Volunteers. 

*  *  *  About  4  o’clock  p.  m.  of  the  2d  inst.,  I  received  an  order  from  Colonel  S.  S.  Carroll,  United 

States  Army,  commanding  brigade,  to  move  my  regiment  forward  to  the  picket  line.  *  *  *  (Four  com¬ 
panies  were  advanced  to  the  front,  and  the  balance  were  held  in  reserve  at  the  Emmettsburg  road. )  *  *  * 

a.  The  14th  Vermont  volunteers -50  were  in  position  on  the  left  of  the  line,  and  were  not  ordered  forward,  but 
subsequently  opened  fire  on  Wilcox’s  command,  135,  137  when  he  advanced  to  cover  Pickett’s  right. 

b.  Colonel  McDougall  commanded  the  brigade  during  the  latter  part  of  the  engagement. 


UNION  REPORTS. 


41 


On  the  afternoon  of  the  3d,  the  column  of  the  enemy  directed  itself  upon  our  battery,110  to  my  left,  and  the 
lines  on  the  left  flank  of  the  column  advanced  directly  upon  my  position.  I  moved  up  my  reserve  to  the 
picket  front,  and  as  the  rebel  line  came  within  one  hundred  yards  we  poured  in  a  well-directed  fire,  which 
broke  it,  and  it  soon  fled,  in  the  wildest  contusion. 

Being  relieved  from  this  direction,  I  “changed  front  forward  on  the  left  company,”  thus  presenting  our 
front  to  the  advancing  rebel  column.  Our  fire  was  poured  into  their  flank,  with  terrible  effect,108  for  a  few 
minutes,  before  the  2d  brigade,  and  the  battery  (Woodruff’s)110  opened,  but  almost  instantly,  the  fire  from 
the  front,  together  with  the  concentrated  fire  from  our  batteries,  the  whole  mass  gave  way,  some  flying  to  the 
front,  some  to  the  rear,  and  through  our  lines,  until  the  whole  plain  was  covered  with  unarmed  rebels,  waving 
coats,  hats,  and  handkerchiefs,  in  token  of  a  wish  to  surrender.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Major-General  Howard,110  commanding  iith  Corps. 

*  *  *  The  enemy’s  infantry  appeared  emerging  from  the  woods  upon  Seminary  Ridge,  his  left  nearly 

opposite  our  front,  and  the  line  extending  far  to  the  left.  Our  batteries,  under  direction  of  Major  Osborne,122 
again  opened  fire,  using  shells  at  first.  The  gaps  made  by  them  seemed  to  have  no  effect  on  the  onward  prog¬ 
ress  of  the  enemy.  Still  his  line  advanced  steadily,  gaining  ground  gradually  toward  his  right.  When  near 
our  line  of  skirmishers  the  batteries  opened  upon  them  with  grape  and  canister  from  the  hill.  The  infantry 
also  commenced  firing.  The  enemy’s  lines  were  broken,  and  the  plain  in  our  front  was  covered  with  fugitives 
running  in  every  direction. 

Colonel  Smith’s  brigade,11,1  of  General  Steinwehr’s120  division,  was  pushed  to  the  left  and  front,  to  the 
support  of  the  1st  corps  (Robinson’s  division)114  moving  forward.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  General  Newton,10  commanding  ist  Corps. 

*  *  *  The  dawn  of  day  on  the  3d  found  the  position  of  the  1st  corps  as  follows  :  The  ist  division 

(Wadsworth’s),  as  before  represented,  on  Culp’s  Hill;  the  2d  division  (Robinson’s)  on  Cemetery  Hill  Z, 
ready  to  support  the  1  ith  or  2d  corps  ;  the  3d  division  (Doubleday’s)  10  on  the  left-center,  and  adjoining  the 
left  of  General  Hancock’s  position.  Between  the  left  of  the  3d  division10  and  General  Sykes’  position29  on 
the  left,  an  interval  of  over  half  a  mile,  there  were  no  troops  in  position.  I  reported  this  fact  immediately  to 
the  general  commanding,  who  authorized  me  to  go  to  General  Sedgwick  on  the  extreme  left,29  and  obtain 
troops  from  him  to  fill  this  gap.  While  proceeding  on  this  mission,  I  encountered  Caldwell’s  division23  of  the 
2d  corps,  not  then  forming  part  of  General  Hancock’s  line  of  battle,  and,  with  this  officer’s  consent,  I  put 
it  in  position  on  the  left  of  the  3d  division,  ist  corps  (Major-General  Doubleday’s).10  General  Sedgwick 
could  only  spare  me  the  ist  New  Jersey  brigade  (General  Torbert),  which  was  placed  in  position  21  on  the  left 
of  General  Caldwell.23  My  own  batteries,  occupying  important  positions  in  the  center  and  right-center,  might 
not  with  propriety  be  removed,  and  I  therefore  applied  and  obtained  permission  to  call  upon  the  reserve  artil¬ 
lery.20  [See  Major  McGilvery’s  report.]  *  *  *  I  must  mention  that  the  3d  corps,  under  Major-Gen¬ 

eral  Birney,3  which  had  suffered  severely  in  the  previous  day’s  fight,  I  found  posted  directly  in  rear  of  my  line 
of  battle,  and  made  arrangements  with  him  to  draw  upon  him  for  such  support  as  might  be  needed ;  and  I  take 
advantage  of  this  opportunity  to  express  my  obligations  for  the  cheerful  and  handsome  manner  in  which  he 
responded  to  every  call  made  upon  him.  *  *  *  At  length  the  enemy’ s  columns  of  attack  began  to  move, 

*  *  *  directing  itself  upon  the  front  of  the  3d  (Doubleday’s)  division,50  ist  corps  ;  but  meeting  with  a 
warm  fire  from  his  front  line  of  battle,  composed  of  the  13th,  14th,  and  16th  Vermont  regiments  of  Stan- 
nard’s  brigade,  the  20th  New  York  State  Militia,  and  the  151st  Pennsylvania  volunteers,  it  swerved  to  the 
right  to  attack  General  Hancock.84  General  Stannard  immediately  changed  front  forward,  and  falling  upon 
their  flank,02.03  routed  them,  taking  a  large  number  of  prisoners.  This  had  hardly  been  done,  when  another 
column  135’ 137  attempting  the  left  of  General  Doubleday’s  front,  was  attacked  in  flank  in  a  similar  way,  and 
nearly  the  whole  column  killed,  wounded,  or  captured.  *  *  *  With  the  first  movement  of  the  assault¬ 

ing  column  of  the  enemy,  I  called  upon  General  Birney,3  commanding  3d  corps,  for  troops  to  form  a  reserve, 
first  for  one  (the  2d,  Humphreys’ ), 20  and  subsequently  for  another  division  (ist,  Ward’s),4  which  were 
promptly  sent.  With  a  portion  of  these  troops  0  I  re-enforced  General  Hancock,  who  was  severely  pressed  by 
heavy  masses  of  the  enemy,  holding  the  remainder  in  readiness  to  fall  upon  the  enemy,  should  they  succeed  in 
penetrating  our  lines,  a  contingency  which  fortunately  did  not  occur.  The  2d  division  (ist  corps),  under  Gen¬ 
eral  Robinson,114  was  moved  to  sustain  General  Hancock  s  right.11-. 111 


42 


GETTYSBURG - DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


Extract  from  Report  of  General  Humphreys,20  commanding  2d  Division,  3D 

Corps. 

*  *  *  My  division  was  moved  rapidly  to  the  right  and  formed  in  mass  by  battalions,  19*a>  19>  21  and  in 

rear  and  support  of  the  left  of  the  2d  corps  (Caldwell’s  division),23  several  batteries  23  being  in  position  in  my 
front.  Here  it  remained  until  dusk,  losing  several  valuable  officers  and  a  large  number  of  men  from  the  enemy’s 
artillery.  *  *  * 

Extract  from  Report  of  General  Sedgwick,29  commanding  6th  Corps. 

*  *  *  General  Torbert’s  brigade  24  was  sent  to  the  [left]  center,  reporting  to  Major-General  Newton, 

and  remained  in  position  until  the  morning  of  the  5th.  Eustis’  brigade  12  was  sent  to  the  right  [left]  center, 
also  reporting  to  General  Newton.  Shaler’s  brigade  was  ordered  to  the  left,  then  to  the  right,  and  subse¬ 
quently  returned  to  the  left-center,14  and  was  held  in  reserve.  During  the  movement  of  these  troops  they 
were  more  or  less  exposed  to  the  fire  of  the  enemy’s  artillery.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  General  Shaler,  commanding  1st  Brigade,  3D  Division, 

6th  Corps. 

*  *  *  At  halt-past  three  o’clock  p.  m.,  by  direction  of  General  Sedgwick,  the  brigade  was  moved, 

under  a  terrific  fire  of  artillery,  to  report  to  General  Newton.  A  subsequent  order,  however,  from  General 
Meade,  directed  me  to  remain  in  rear  ot  the  position  of  the  3d  corps,14  reporting  to  Major-General  Newton 
for  instructions.  *  *  * 


Extracts  from  Reports  of  Brigade  Commanders  of  the  ist  Division,  5TH  Corps. 

Colonel  Tilton ,39  commanding  1st  Brigade ,  1st  Division,  jth  Corps. 

*  *  *  On  the  3d  we  relieved  the  3d  brigade  on  duty,  holding  the  Rocky  Hill39  (Round  Top)  0 

upon  the  extreme  left.  *  *  * 

Colonel  Sweitzer' j31  Report,  commanding  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division,  5th  Corps. 

*  *  *  On  the  night  of  the  zd  I  received  an  order,  and  put  the  zd  brigade  in  the  position  indi¬ 
cated,31  where  we  remained  until  the  5th  inst.  *  *  * 

Colonel  Rice's 31  Report,  commanding  3d  Brigade,  1st  Division,  3th  Corps. 

*  *  *  The  brigade  was  relieved  during  the  forenoon  by  the  1st  brigade  (Tilton’s) ,39  and  ordered 

to  the  center  of  the  line,31  where  it  remained  in  reserve  the  balance  of  the  day,  exposed  to  a  severe  cannonad- 

ing.  ^  ^ 


Extract  from  Report  of  General  Ayers,32  commanding  2d  Division  (  Regular), 

5th  Corps. 

*  *  *  These  two  brigades  (ist,  Colonel  Day  5  32-a  2d,  Colonel  Burbank  32-t>)  were  massed  in  the 
woods,  32  in  rear  of  the  3d  brigade  (Garrard’s).33  *  *  *  The  division  remained  in  this  last  position  till  we 
took  up  the  line  of  march  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Colonel  Garrard,  "3  commanding  3D  Brigade  (  Weed’s), 

2D  Division,  5TH  Corps. 

*  *  *  At  night  (2d)  this  ridge  ( Little  Round  Top)  B,  naturally  strong,  was  strengthened  by  building  a 

stone  wall  about  halfway  down  the  slope,  wherever  the  rocks  offered  no  protection  to  the  men.  The  next 
day  the  brigade  remained  in  the  same  position.  *  *  * 

Extract  from  Report  op  Captain  Hazard,  Chief  of  2d  Corps  Artillery. 

*  *  *  Battery  B,  ist  New  York  Artillery,45  was  entirely  exhausted,  its  ammunition  expended,  its 

horses  and  men  killed  and  disabled,  the  commanding  officer,  J.  M.  Rorty,  killed,  and  senior  first  lieutenant 


UNION  REPORTS. 


43 


severely  wounded.®  The  other  batteries  were  in  a  similar  condition.  Still,  they  bided  the  attack.  *  *  * 

Battery  B,  ist  Rhode  Island  (Brown’s),43  had  expended  every  round  of  ammunition,  and  the  lines  of  the  enemy 
still  advancing.  Lieutenant  Cushing,76  commanding  A,  4th  United  States,  was  killed  ;  Lieutenant  Milne,  A, 
ist  Rhode  Island,  serving  with  Cushing’s  battery,  had  fallen  mortally  wounded  ;  their  battery  was  exhausted,82*  87 
their  ammunition  gone,  and  it  was  feared  the  guns  would  be  lost  if  not  withdrawn  ;  at  this  trying  moment,  the 
two  batteries  were  taken  away.43  But  Woodruff’s  battery,  I,  ist  United  States,110  still  remained  in  the  grove, 
and  poured  death  and  destruction  into  the  rebel  lines.  They  had  gained  the  crest,  and  all  seemed  lost,  and  the 
enemy  exultant  rushed  in;  but  on  reaching  the  crest  they  met  our  infantry,  fresh,  and  waiting  on  the  oppo¬ 
site  side.  The  tide  turned  ;  backward  and  downward  rushed  the  rebel  line,  shattered  and  broken,  and  the 
victory  was  gained.  Woodruff,  who  had  gallantly  commanded  his  battery  on  the  2d  and  3d  of  July,  fell 
mortally  wounded 111  at  the  very  moment  of  victory.  *  *  *  Batteries  from  the  reserve  artillery  of  the 
army  immediately  occupied  the  positions  vacated.1*  19“a>  107  > 125  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Colonel  McGilvery,  commanding  Brigade  Artillery 

Reserve. 

*  *  *  The  line  of  batteries  26  under  my  command,  commencing  on  the  left  at  an  old  oak  wood  (near 
General  Torbert’s  position),24  occupied  by  our  infantry,  were  in  numbers  and  kind  as  follows  :  — 

Ames’  battery,  G,  ist  New  York,  six  light  12-pounders. 

Dow’s  battery,  6th  Maine,  four  light  12-pounders. 

Cooper’s  battery,  Pennsylvania,  four  3-inch  rifled  guns. 

Lieutenant  Rock’s  section,  New  Jersey,  two  3-inch  rifled  guns. 

Sterling’s  battery,  Connecticut,  four  James’  rifled  guns,  two  howitzers. 

Hart’s  battery,  15th  New  York,  four  light  12-pounders. 

Phillips’  battery,  5th  Massachusetts,  six  3-inch  rifled  guns. 

Thompson’s  batteries,  F  and  C,  Pennsylvania,  five  3-inch  rifled  guns. 

On  the  right  of  these  was  :  - — • 

Thomas’  battei ;  C,  4th  United  States,  six  3-inch  rifled  guns.6  *  *  * 

The  infantry  appeared  in  three  extended  lines  of  battle,  of  at  least  3,500,  advancing  upon  our  center. 
These  three  lines  of  battle  presented  an  oblique  front  to  the  guns  under  my  command,  and  by  training  the 
whole  line  of  guns  obliquely  to  the  right  we  had  a  raking  fire  through  all  three  of  these  lines.  The  execution 
of  this  fire  must  have  been  terrible,  as  it  was  over  a  (comparatively)  level  plain,  and  the  effect  was  plain  to  be 
seen  ;  in  a  few  minutes,  instead  of  a  well-ordered  line  of  battle,  they  were  broken  and  confused  masses,  and 
fugitives  were  flying  in  every  direction.  This  ended  the  greatest  operations  of  the  batteries  under  my  com¬ 
mand  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Captain  Fitzhugh,1  ’  ist  New  York  Artillery, 
Battery  K,  commanding  j.th  Volunteer  Brigade,  Artillery  Reserve. 

*  *  *  By  order  of  General  Hunt,  I  put  them  L  19'a  in  position  near  the  stone  fence  in  front  of  Gen¬ 

eral  Webb’s  (Gibbon’s?)  division  of  the  2d  corps,  battery  A,  ist  New  Jersey  Artillery,1  on  the  left  of  K,  ist 
New  York  Artillery. 59e  At  this  time  the  enemy  were  making  a  strong  effort  to  break  the  2d  corps  line,  their 
infantry  having  charged  up  to  the  stone  fence,84  near  a  small  wooded  knoll  M,  about  seventy-five  yards  on 
my  right.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Lieutenant  Parsons,  commanding  Battery  A,  ist  New 

Jersey  Artillery. 

*  *  *  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that,  on  the  3d  instant,  about  3  p.  m.,  I  received  orders  from  General 

Hunt  to  move  the  battery  to  the  front,  as  soon  as  possible.  I  at  once  obeyed  the  order,  and  soon  had  the 
battery1  in  position,  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile  south  of  Gettysburg  cemetery  Z,  and  near  the  2d  d.vision,  zd 


«.  Volunteers  from  the  19th  Massachusetts  volunteers  assisted  in  working  the  guns  of  this  battery. 

b.  Daniels’ 9th  Michigan.  See  note  b,  page  36.  .  ,  ,  .  , 

The  remaining  batteries  of  this  brigade  were  detached  on  special  duty  in  other  parts  of  the  held. 


44 


GETTYSBURG 


DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


corps  ;  Fitzhugh’s  battery,1  following  immediately  after  me,  and  taking  position  on  my  right.  At  this  time 
die  enemy’s  infantry  were  advancing  rapidly.  I  at  once  opened  fire  upon  them  with  case  shot,  firing  about 
120  rounds,  with  good  effect.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Private  Letter  of  Captain  Cowan,  ist  (Independent)  New  York 

Artillery. 

*  *  *  I  was  placed  in  position  by  General  Doubleday,  to  our  right  and  front  of  his  headquarters,10 

during  the  heavy  cannonade.  *  *  *  During  the  hottest  of  the  fire,  an  aid  (Captain  Banes)  galloped  down 

from  the  right  and  ordered  me  to  report  to  General  Webb.  I  was  under  the  orders  of  General  Doubleday, 
and  hardly  knew  if  I  ought  to  obey  General  Webb,  whom  I  did  not  know.  While  doubting  for  an  instant, 
I  looked  toward  the  higher  grounds,  and  at  the  point  where  you  have  my  battery  represented  on  your  Iso- 
metrical  Drawing  of  the  field,  I  saw  a  general  waving  his  hat  to  me.  I  determined  to  risk  disobeying  orders, 
as  I  must  be  needed  there,  and  I  at  once  “limbered  to  the  rear,”  and  “moved  by  the  left  flank  at  a  gallop  ; 
my  cannoneers  were  mostly  stripped  to  the  shirt,  and  as  I  gave  the  command,  “  By  the  left  flank  !”  they 
sprang  with  loud  cheers  upon  the  limber  chests,  and  upon  the  guns,  their  implements,  which  they  had  not 
time  to  replace,  still  in  their  hands.  We  galloped  into  position.59  *  *  *  We  opened  at  once,  and  con¬ 

tinued  pouring  shell  upon  them  till  they  came  within  canister  range.  Then  came  the  severe  struggle.  Our 
infantry  all  at  once  became  panic-stricken,  and  broke  in  confusion.  The  enemy  rushed  with  wild  cheers, 
pouring  in  their  volleys,  and  planted  their  colors  upon  the  guns  of  the  regular  battery,8- just  on  my  right,  the 
commander  of  which  had  been  killed.16  *  *  * 

General  Webb81  and  his  officers  were  gallantly  rallying  the  infantry,  and  just  in  rear  of  the  regular  battery 
were  the  colors  of  six  or  seven  regiments,  and  a  few  score  men  fighting  around  them.  *  *  *  Fitzhugh 

(with  battery  K,  1st  New  York,1  and  A,  ist  New  Jersey  19_a)  was  on  my  left,  and  was  there  after  the  fight. 
It  may  be  an  interesting  fact  that  General  Hunt,  Chief  of  Artillery  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  was  in  my 
battery  when  the  enemy  was  closest,  and,  while  mounted  on  his  horse,  was  shooting  at  the  rebels  with  his 
revolver.  His  horse  was  shot  under  him,19  and  I  remounted  him  on  one  of  my  sergeant’s  horses.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Letter  of  Colonel  Morgan. 

*  *  *  As  for  the  batteries  that  relieved  Cushing  and  Arnold,  they  belonged,  as  I  remember,  to  the 

6th  corps,  the  leading  one  being  commanded  by  Martin,  5th  artillery,118  with  whom  I  rode.  The  other 
battery  I  don’t  remember. a  I  met  Colonel  Tompkins,1-1  chief  of  the  6th  corps  artillery,  on  the  Taneytown 
road  V,  not  far  from  General  Meade’s  headquarters.  *  *  * 


CO N FE D E  RAT E  R E PO RTS. 


Extract  from  Report  of  General  |.  N.  Pendleton,  Chief  of  Confederate 

Artillery. 

*  *  *  By  direction  of  the  commar.ding-general,  the  artillery  along  our  entire  line  was  to  be  prepared 

for  opening,  as  early  as  possible  on  the  morning  of  the  3d,  a  concentrated  and  destructive  fire  ;  consequent  upon 
which  a  general  advance  was  to  be  made.  The  right  was,  if  practicable,  to  sweep  the  enemy  from  his  strong¬ 
hold  on  that  flank.  Visiting  the  lines  at  a  very  early  hour,  I  found,  by  Colonel  Alexander’s  energy,  much 
already  accomplished  on  the  right.  Henry’s  battalion  134  held  about  its  original  position  on  the  flank  ;  Alex¬ 
ander’s  battalion  186  was  next,  in  front  of  the  peach  orchard  H.  Then  came  the  Washington  (New  Orleans) 
artillery  battalion,1,89  under  Major  Eshleman,  and  Dearing’s  battalion  110  on  his  left  5  *  *  *  and,  beyond 

Hearing,  Cabell’s  battalion  141  had  been  arranged,  making  nearly  sixty  guns  for  that  wing,  all  well  advanced  in 
a  sweeping  chase  of  about  a  mile.  *  *  *  To  the  3d  corps  artillery  attention  was  also  given  ;  Major 

Poague’s  battalion  149i 1;>4  had  been  advanced  to  the  line  of  the  right  wing.  *  *  *  The  other  battalions 

of  this  corps1’'-'  IS/,  l«8-r,  159  (a  portion  of  Garnett’s  being  in  reserve  under  Major  Richardson)  held  their  posi¬ 
tion  of  the  day  before,  as  did  those  of  the  2d  corps.161/ 169>  168> 119  *  *  *  At  length,  about  I  o’clock 


a.  Butler’s,  G,  t!d  United  States. 


CONFEDERATE  REPORTS. 


45 


p.  m.,  on  the  concerted  signal,  our  guns  in  position,  nearly  one  hundred  and  fifty,  opened  fire  along  the  entire 
line,  from  right  to  left.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Lieutenant-General  James  Longstreet,  commanding 

ist  Corps,  C.  S.  A. 

*  *  *  The  commanding-general  joined  me,  and  ordered  a  column  of  attack  to  be  formed  of  Pickett’s, 
Heth’s,  and  a  part  of  Pender’s  divisions.  The  assault  to  be  made  directly  at  the  enemy’s  main  position,  the 
Cemetery  Hill,  the  distance  to  be  passed  over  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy’s  batteries,  and  in  plain  view,  seemed 
too  great  to  insure  great  results,  particularly  as  two-thirds  of  the  troops  to  be  engaged  in  the  assault  had  been 
in  a  severe  battle  two  days  previous,  Pickett’s  division  alone  being  fresh. 

Orders  were  given  to  Major-General  Pickett  to  form  his  line  under  the  best  cover  that  he  could  get  from 
the  enemy’s  batteries,  and  that  the  center  of  the  assaulting  column  would  arrive  at  the  salient  of  the  enemy’s 
position,®  General  Pickett’s  line  to  be  the  guide,  and  attack  the  line  of  the  enemy’s  defenses,  and  General 
Pettigrew,  in  command  of  Heth’s  division,  moving  on  the  same  line  as  General  Pickett,  was  to  assault  the 
salient  M  at  the  same  moment.  Pickett’s  division  was  arranged  two  brigades  in  the  front  line,  supported  by 
his  third  brigade,  and  Wilcox’s  brigade  was  ordered  to  move  in  rear  of  his  (Pickett’s)  right  flank,  to  protect 
it  from  any  force  that  the  enemy  might  attempt  to  bring  against  it. 

Heth’s  division,  under  the  command  of  Brigadier-General  Pettigrew,  was  arranged  in  two  lines,  and  these 
supported  by  part  of  Major-General  Pender’s  division,  under  command  of  Major-General  Trimble.  All  of  the 
batteries  of  the  1st  and  3d  corps,  and  some  of  those  of  the  2d,  were  put  in  the  best  position  for  effective  fire 
upon  the  point  of  attack,  and  the  hill  occupied  by  the  enemy’s  left.  *  *  *  The  signal  guns  opened,  and 

all  the  guns  opened  very  handsomely.  *  *  *  The  advance  of  the  infantry  was  made  in  very  fine  style, 

all  the  troops  keeping  their  lines  accurately,  and  taking  the  fire  of  the  batteries  with  great  coolness  and  delib¬ 
eration.  .*  *  *  The  enemy’s  batteries  37-  2G-  43<  87>  110- 121  soon  opened  upon  our  lines  with  canister,  and 

the  left  seemed  to  stagger  under  it,  but  the  advance  was  resumed  with  some  degree  of  steadiness.  Pickett’s 
troops  did  not  appear  to  be  checked  by  the  batteries,  and  only  halted  to  deliver  fire  when  close  under  musket 
range. 

Major-General  Anderson’s  division  135>  137>  145> 148- 151  was  ordered  forward  to  support  and  assist  the  mov¬ 
ing  columns  of  Pettigrew  and  Trimble.  Pickett’s  troops,  after  delivering  their  fire,  advanced  to  the  charge, 
and  entered  the  enemy’s  lines,  capturing  some  of  his  batteries,82  and  gaining  his  works.84  About  the  same 
moment,  the  troops  that  had  before  hesitated  broke  their  ranks,  and  fell  back  in  great  disorder,  many  more 
falling  under  the  enemy’s  fire  in  retiring  than  while  they  were  attacking  ;  this  gave  the  enemy  time  to  throw 
his  entire  force  upon  Pickett,  with  a  strong  prospect  of  being  able  to  break  up  his  lines  or  destroy  him  before 
Anderson’s  division  could  reach  him,  which,  in  its  turn,  would  have  greatly  exposed  Anderson.  He  was 
therefore  ordered  to  halt.  In  a  few  moments  the  enemy,  marching  against  both  flanks,62- ^  98  and  the 
front77-81  of  Pickett’s  division,  overpowered  it  and  drove  it  back,  capturing  about  half  of  those  of  it  who 
were  not  killed  or  wounded.  General  Wright,131  of  Anderson’s  division,  was  ordered,  with  all  of  his  officers, 
to  rally  and  collect  the  scattered  troops  behind  Anderson’s  division,  and  many  of  my  staff  officers  were  sent  to 
assist  in  the  same  service.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Brigadier-General  Davis,  Heth’s  Division. 

*  *  *  The  division  160>  166- 169> 172  moved  off  in  line,  and  passing  the  wooded  crest  of  the  hill, 

descended  to  the  open  fields  that  lay  between  us  and  the  enemy.  Not  a  gun  was  fired  at  us  until  we  reached 
the  strong  post  and  rail  fence,  about  three-quarters  of  a  mile  from  the  enemy’s  position,  when  we  were  met  by  a 
heavy  fire  of  grape,  canister,  and  shell,”"- 122  which  told  sadly  upon  our  ranks.  Under  this  destructive  fire, 
which  commanded  our  front  and  left  with  fatal  effect,  the  troops  displayed  great  coolness,  were  well  in  hand, 
and  moved  steadily  forward,  regularly  closing  uP  the  gaps  made  in  their  ranks.  Our  advance  across  the  field 
was  interrupted  by  other  fences  of  a  similar  character,  in  crossing  which  the  alignment  became  more  or  less 


«  I  have  been  informed  by  Colonel  Harrison,  General  Pickett’s  adjutant  and  inspector-general,  while  visiting 
the  field  with  him  at  Gettysburg,  that  the  “  copse  of  trees  ”  M  on  General  Webb’s  front  was  the  point  on  which  the 
troops  were  directed  to  advance.  These  trees,  being  relieved  in  clear  outline  against  the  sky  when  seen  from  the 
Confederate  lines,  formed  an  unmistakable  landmark. 


46 


GETTYSBURG -  DESCRIPTIVE  KEY. 


deranged.  This  was  in  each  case  promptly  rectified,  and  though  its  ranks  were  growing  thinner  at  every  step, 
this  division  moved  steadily  on  in  line  with  the  troops  on  the  right. 

When  within  musket  range,  we  encountered  a  heavy  fire  of  small-arms,100  from  which  we  suffered 
severely  ;  but  this  did  not  for  a  moment  check  the  advance.  *  *  *  The  whole  division  dashed  up  to 

his  first  line  of  defense,  a  stone  wall,  behind  which  the  opposing  infantry  were  strongly  posted.  Here  we  were 
subjected  to  a  most  galling  fire  of  musketry  "i  101>  102i  102~ai  105,  105-a,  106, 108  an(j  artillery,110  that  so  reduced  our 
already  thinned  ranks  that  any  further  effort  to  carry  the  position  was  hopeless,  and  there  was  nothing  left  but 
to  retire  to  the  position  originally  held,  which  was  done  in  more  or  less  confusion.  *  *  *  The  number 

killed  and  wounded  was  very  great,  and  in  officers  unusually  so,  as  may  be  seen  from  the  fact  that  in  Archer’s 
brigade  but  two  field  officers  escaped,  in  Pettigrew’s  but  one,  and  in  Davis’  all  were  killed  or  wounded.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Colonel  Shepard,  Archer’s  Brigade. 

*  *  *  In  the  engagement  of  the  3d,  Archer’s  brigade  160  was  on  the  right  of  our  division.  As  we 

advanced,  the  right  of  Archer’s  brigade  touched  the  left  of  Pickett’s  division.150  *  *  *  The  enemy 

held  their  fire  until  we  were  in  fine  range,  then  opened  upon  us  a  terrible  and  well-directed  fire.80  Within 
eighty  or  one  hundred  yards  of  his  works84  we  came  to  a  lane  (Emmettsburg  road)  L,  inclosed  in  two  stout 
“post  and  rail  ’’  fences.  This  was  a  very  great  obstruction  to  us,  but  the  men  rushed  on,  as  rapidly  as  they 
could,  and  advanced  directly  upon  the  enemy’s  works,  the  first  line  of  which  was  composed  of  rough  stones.84 
The  enemy  89  abandoned  this;  but  just  in  rear  was  massed  in  heavy  force.83  By  the  time  we  had  reached 
this  work  our  lines,  all  along  as  far  as  I  could  see,  had  become  very  much  weakened.  Indeed  the  line,  both 
to  the  right  and  left,  as  far  as  I  could  observe,  seemed  to  melt  away ,  until  there  was  but  little  of  it  left. 
Every  flag  in  the  brigade,  except  one,  was  captured,  at  or  within  the  works  of  the  enemy.  The  first  Ten¬ 
nessee  had  three  color-bearers  shot  down,  the  last  of  whom  was  at  the  works,  and  the  flag  captured.  The 
13th  Alabama  had  three  in  the  same  way,  the.  last  of  whom  was  shot  down  at  the  works.  The  14th  Ten¬ 
nessee  had  four  shot  down,  the  last  of  whom  was  at  the  enemy’s  works,  and  the  flag  was  only  saved  by  Cap¬ 
tain  Morris  tearing  it  away  from  the  staff,  and  bringing  it  out  beneath  his  coat.  The  5th  Alabama  battalion 
also  lost  their  flag  at  the  enemy’s  works.  There  were  seven  field  officers  that  went  into  the  charge,  only  two 
of  whom  came  out.  *  *  *  The  loss  in  company  officers  was  nearly  in  the  same  proportion.  Our  loss 

in  men  was  also  heavy.  We  went  into  the  fight,  on  the  1st,  with  1,048  men,  677  of  whom  were  killed, 
wounded,  or  captured  during  the  engagement.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Major  Jones,  Pettigrew’s  North  Carolina  Brigade. 

*  *  *  When  about  halfway  across  the  intervening  space,  the  enemy  opened  upon  us  a  most  destruc¬ 
tive  fire  of  grape  and  canister.  When  within  about  250  or  300  yards  of  the  stone  wall  behind  which  the 
enemy  were  posted,  we  were  met  with  a  perfect  hailstorm  of  lead  from  their  small-arms.89!  ">  101>  102i  102-a 
The  brigade  had  dashed  on,  and  many  had  reached  the  wall,84  when  we  received  a  deadly  volley  from  the 
left.105! 100  The  whole  line  on  the  left  had  given  way,  and  we  were  being  rapidly  flanked.02!®1'08  With  our 
thin  ranks,  and  in  such  position,  it  would  have  been  folly  to  stand  against  such  odds,  we,  therefore,  fell  back 
to  our  original  position.  *  *  * 

After  this  day’s  fight  but  one  field  officer  was  left  in  the  brigade.  Regiments  that  went  in  with  colonels 
came  out  commanded  by  lieutenants.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Pender’s  North  Carolina  Division,  by  Assistant- 

Adjutant-General  Engelhard. 

*  *  *  The  command  of  the  division  devolved  upon  General  Lane.  ( General  Pender  was  wonnded 

on  the  2d.  )  The  brigades  of  General  Thomas  and  Colonel  Perrin  were  moved  forward  to  a  road.108  *  *  * 

Supporting  these  two  brigades  with  his  own  (Lane’s),  commanded  by  Colonel  Avery,  and  Scales’  brigade, 
commanded  by  Colonel  Lourance.  *  *  *  During  the  morning  of  the  3d,  General  Lane  received  an 

order  from  General  Hill  to  report  in  person,  with  the  two  brigades  forming  his  second  line,  to  Lieutenant- 
General  Longstreet,  as  a  support  to  General  Pettigrew.  *  *  *  Formed  in  the  rear  of  the  right  of  Heth’s 

division,  commanded  by  General  Pettigrew.  Having  executed  this  order,  General  Lane  was  relieved  of  the  com- 


CONFEDERATE  REPORTS. 


47 


mand  by  Major-General  Trimble  (and  himself  returned  to  the  command  of  his  own  brigade).  *  *  *  Ad¬ 
vanced  in  close  supporting  distance  of  Pettigrew’s  line.  *  *  *  The  division  in  front  gaining  ground  to  the 

right,  uncovered  the  left  of  Lane’s  brigade.167  When  within  a  few  hundred  yards  of  the  enemy’s  works,  the  line 
in  front  being  entirely  gone,  the  division  156> 167  moved  rapidly  up,  connecting  with  the  troops  on  the  right,150' 153 
still  stubbornly  contesting  the  ground  with  the  enemy,  reserving  their  fire  until  within  easy  range,  and  then  open¬ 
ing  with  telling  effect,  driving  the  artillerists  from  their  guns,32  completely  silencing  them,  and  breaking  the  line 
of  infantry  supports  formed  on  the  crest  of  the  hill.  All  the  guns  in  the  immediate  front  of  the  division  were 
silenced,82  and  the  infantry 89  had  fallen  behind  their  second  and  third  lines  of  defense,83  when  the  division, 
advancing  in  an  oblique  direction,  the  right  of  which  had  reached  the  works,84  was  compelled  to  fall  back. 
*  *  *  In  this  attack  Major-General  Trimble  was  severely  wounded.158  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Colonel  Lourance,  commanding  Scales’  North  Carolina 

Brigade.136 

*  *  *  We  advanced  upon  the  enemy’s  line,  which  was  in  full  view,  at  the  distance  of  one  mile. 

All  went  forward  with  a  cool  and  steady  step;  but  ere  we  had  advanced  over  two-thirds  of  the  way  troops  from 
the  front  came  tearing  through  our  ranks,  which  caused  many  of  our  own  men  to  break;  but  with  the  remain¬ 
ing  few  we  went  forward  until  the  right  of  the  brigade  touched  the  enemy’s  line  of  breastworks,84  as  we 
marched  in  rather  an  oblique  line.  Here  many  were  shot  down,  being  exposed  to  a  heavy  fire  of  grape26'59 
and  musketry  62>  63  on  our  right  flank.  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  General  Lane,  commanding  North  Carolina  Brigade.1'" 

*  *  *  We  advanced  to  within  a  few  yards  of  the  stone  wall,  exposed  all  the  while  to  a  heavy  raking 

artillery  fire  on  the  right.1'59  My  left  was  here  very  much  exposed,  and  a  column  of  the  enemy’s  infantry  98 
was  thrown  forward  in  that  direction,  which  enfiladed  my  whole  line.  This  forced  me  to  withdraw.  Our 
great  loss  but  too  sadly  tells  the  gallant  bearing  of  my  command;  six  hundred  and  sixty  (66o)  out  of  an  effec¬ 
tive  total  of  thirteen  hundred  and  fifty-five  (l ,3 5 5).  *  *  * 


Extract  from  General  Wilcox’s  Report,  of  the  Alabama  Brigade. 

*  *  *  The  brigade  was  formed  in  line  parallel  to  the  Emmettsburg  road,  and  about  two  hundred 
yards  from  it,  artillery  139.  140  being  in  front.  *  *  *  Pickett’s  division  now  advanced,  and  other  brigades 
on  my  left.  *  *  *  The  advance  had  not  been  made  more  than  twenty  minutes  before  three  staff  officers, 

in  quick  succession,  one  from  the  major-general  commanding  division,  gave  me  orders  to  advance  to  the  sup¬ 
port  of  Pickett’s  division;  my  brigade,  about  twelve  hundred  in  number,  then  moved  forward.111  *  *  * 


Extract  from  Report  of  Colonel  Lang,  commanding  Perry  s  Florida  Brigade. 

*  *  *  I  received  orders  from  General  Anderson  142  to  connect  my  right  with  General  Wilcox’s1"1 
1  ft,  and  conform  my  movements  during  the  day  to  those  of  his  brigade.  General  Wilcox  began  to  advance, 
and,  in  accordance  with  previous  orders  to  conform  to  his  movements,  I  moved  'forward  also,  under  a  heavy 
fire  from  artillery.26'1. 59  *  *  * 


Note.- Many  other  letters  and  reports  have  been  consulted  in  preparing  the  design  for  the  painting  of  the 
Battle  of  Gettysburg,  from  which  some  additional  and  much  corroborative  material  was  obtained;  but  the  forego¬ 
ing  are  the  most  important  extracts  from  the  records  of  the  bat.le. 


INDEX. 


KEY.  PAGE 

Abbott,  Captain  . 39 

136  Alexander’s  Artillery — Moody’s, Taylor’s,  Rhett’s  Parker’s,  Jordan’s  and  Woolfolk’s  Batteries .  14 

Ames,  Brig.-General  .  10 

Amsberg,  General  .  31 

142  Anderson,  Major-General . 3,  10,  13,  18 

127  Anderson’s  Brig.  (7th,  8th,  9th,  11th,  and  59th  Ga  Reg'ts) .  13 

91  Angle  in  the  Stone  Wall . 

J  Apple  Orchard  .  3,  10,  14 

160  Archer’s  Brigade  (Col.  Frye’s)  (1st,  7th,  14th  Tenu..  13th  Ala.  Reg’ts.  and  5th  Ala.  Battalion) .  14,17 

146  Armistead,  Brig  -General .  . 14,  18,  20,  35,  37 

153  Armistead’s  Brigade  (9th,  14th,  38th,  53d,  and  57th  Va.  Reg’ts) .  14 

ARTILLERY. 

136  Alexander,  Colonel,  Battalion  (Con.) .  14 

26  Ames’  Battery,  G,  1st  N.  Y .  23 

170  Armstrong  Guns  on  Oak  Hill  (Con.) .  16 

113  Arnold’s  Battery,  A.  1st  R.  1 .  23 

Bancroft’s  Battery,  G,  4th  U  S .  16 

16  Barnes’  Battery,  G,  1st  N.  Y.  (5th  Corps)  .  27 

140  Blout’s  Battery  ( Con  ) .  14 

157  Brander’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

149  Brooks’  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

43  Brown’s  Battery  B,  1st  R.  1 .  25 

124  Butler’s  Battery,  G,  2d  U.  S . 24 

144  Cabell’s  Battalion  (Con.) .  16 

94  Calef’s  (Tidball’s)  Battery,  A,  2d  U.  S .  9 

144  Carlton’s  Battery  (Con  ) .  16 

140  Caskie’s  Battery  ..Con.) .  14 

26  Cooper’s  Battery,  B,  1st  Pa .  23 

65  Cowan’s  Battery,  13th  New  York  (Independent) .  24 

165  Cunningham’s  Battery  i  Con.) .  16 

87  Cushing’s  Battery,  A,  4th  U.  S .  21,  23 

Dana’s  Battalion  (Con.) .  16 

26  Daniels’ 9th  Mich,  (horse)  Battery.  See  McGilvery’s  Artillery .  23 

140  Dearing’s  Eattalion  <  Con  ) .  14,  18 

Dilger’s  Battery,  I.  1st  Ohio .  16 

26  Dow’s  Battery.  6th  Maine . . .  23 

F.akin’s  Battery,  H,  1st  U.  S .  16 

Edgell’s  Battery,  1st  N.  H .  16 

44  Elder’s  Battery,  E.  4th  U.  S .  28 

139  Eshleman’s  Battalion  (Con.) .  14 

1  Fitzhugh’s  Battery,  K.  1st  N.  Y .  25 

1  Frazer’s  Battery  (Con.) . .  16 

152  Garnett’s  Battalion  (Con  ) .  16 

34  Gibbs’  Battery,  L,  1st  Ohio .  36 

55  Graham’s  Battery,  K,  1st  U.  S . i _  16 

157  Graham’s  Battery  ( Con.)  .  16 

161  Happ’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

159  Hart’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

26  Hart’s  Battery,  15th  N.  Y.  (Independent)  .  23 

43  Hazard’s  Battery  (see  Brown’s  B,  1st  R.  I  ) .  24 

37  Hazlett’s  (Rittenhouse’s)  Battery,  D,  5th  U.  S .  23 

134  Henry’s  Battalion  (Con  )  .  14 

19-a  Hexamer’s  Battery  (see  Parsons',  A,  1st  N.  J .  25 

Hill’s  Battery,  C,  1st  West  Va .  16 

79  Hunt,  Brig.-General,  Chief  of  Union  Artillery . 5,  16,  17,  23,  31 

Huntington’s  Battery  <Ohio) .  16 

159  Johnson’s  Battery  (Con.)  . 16 

136  Jordan’s  Battery  Con.) .  14 

158-a  Lane’s  Battalion  ( Con.) .  14 

134  Latham’s  Battery  (Con.) .  14 

152  Lewis’  Battery  i  Con.) .  16 

123  McCartney’s  Battery  (Mass.)  .  24 

144  McCarthy’s  Battery  (Con.)  .  16 

157  McGraw’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

26  McGilvery’s  Brigade.  Reserve  Artillery . .  ...  16 

159  McIntosh’s  Battalion  (Con.) . 16 

140  Macon’s  Battery  (Con.) .  14 

144  Manly’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

157  Manye's  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

17  Martin,  Captain,  Chief  5th  Corps  Artillery .  23,  27 

Martin’s  Battery,  C,  Massachusetts .  27 

Martin’s  Battery,  F,  5th  U.  S .  .  .  24 

152  Maurin’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 


INDEX 


49 


139  Miller’s  Battery  Con.)  .  14 

136  Moody’s  Battery  (Con.) . .  14 

139  Norcum’s  Battery  (Con.) . . .  .  14 

122  Osborne,  Major,  Chief  11th  Corps  Artillery . .  16  24 

136  Parker’s  Battery  (Con.) .  ’  14 

19-a  Parson's  (.Hexamer’s)  Battery.  A,  1st  N.  J .  25 

158-a  Patterson’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

157  Pegram’s  Battalion  (Con.) .  16 

26  Phillips'  Battery,  5th  Massachusetts .  23 

149  &  154  Poague’s  Battalion  (Con.) . 16 

134  Reilly’s  Battery  (Con.)  .  14 

136  Rhett’s  Battery  (Con.) .  14 

159  Rice’s  Battery  (Con.) . 16 

139  Richardson’s  Battery .  16 

Rickett’s  Battery,  F  &  G,  1st  Pennsylvania .  11 

37  Rittenhouse’s  (Hazlett’s)  Battery,  D,  5th  U.  S .  23,36 

26  Rock’s  Section  (New  Jersey) .  36 

158  a  Ross’  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

45  Rorty’s  Battery,  B,  1st  N.  Y .  22,  23 

162  Smith’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

26  Sterling’s  Battery,  1st  Connecticut .  23 

140  Stribbling’s  Battery  (Con.) .  14 

Taft's  Battery,  5th  N.  Y, (Independent) .  16 

136  Taylor’s  Battery  (Con.) .  14 

94  Tidball’s  Battery  (Seeley’s),  A,  2d  U.  S . 9 

26  Thomas’  Battery,  C,  4th  U.  S .  23 

26  Thompson’s  Battery,  G  &  F,  Pennsylvania  (Independent)  . 23 

125  Trevor,  Sergeant  (see  Wier’s  Battery),  C,  6th  U.  S .  24 

149  Vozatt’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

157  Ward’s  Battery  ( Con.) . 16 

163  Watson’s  Battery  (Con.) .  16 

107  Wheeler’s  Battery,  13th  N.  Y.  (Independent) . 24 

125  Wier’s  Battery,  C,  5th  U.  S .  24 

Wiedrick’s  Battery,  I,  1st  N.  Y.  .  11 

158-a  Wingfield’s  Battery  (Con.). . .  16 

110  Woodruff’s  Battery,  I,  1st  U.  S .  24 

136  Woolfolk’s  Battery  (Con.) .  14 

157  Zimmerman’s  Battery  (Con.) .  14 


N.  Y.,  99th  Pa  Vols. 


8,  10, 


OFFICERS,  CORPS,  DIVISIONS,  BRIGADES,  REGIMENTS,  ETC. 

167  Avery,  Col.  (Lane’s  Brigade) . 

32  Ayers,  Brig. -General,  2d  Div.,  5th  Corps .  6,  10, 

88  Banes,  Capt.  (General  Webb’s  Staff) . 

31  Barnes,  Brig. -General,  1st  Div.,  5th  Corps . 

38  Barksdale’s  Brig.  (13th,  17th,  18th,  and  21st  Miss.  Reg’ts)  . 

Barlow,  Brig. -General  (wounded),  1st  Div.,  11th  Corps  (see  Ames) . 

Barrows,  Lieut . . . 

33  Bartlett,  Brig. -Gen.,  2d  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  6th  Corps  (5th  Me.,  121st  N.  Y.,  95th  and  96th  Pa.  Vols.) . 

117  Baxter,  Brig. -General,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  1st  Corps (83d,  97th  N.Y.,  88th,  90th  Pa.,  and  12th  Mass. 

Vols.)  . 

Baxter,  Col.  (72d  Pa.  Vols.) . 

Benedict,  Lieut . •  •• 

7  Berdan,  Col.,  2d  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  3d  Corps(3d,  4th  Me.,  20th  Ind.,  86th,  124th 

and  1st  and  2d  U.  S.  Sharpshooters)  . 

128  Benning’s  Brig.  (2d,  15th,  17th,  and  20th  Ga.  Reg’ts) . 

75  Bingham,  Captain  (General  Hancock’s  Staff) . 

3  Birney,  Major-General,  commanding  3d  Corps . 

21  Brewster  !colS,S  2d  Brig.j  2d  Div.,  3dCorps(lst,  2d,  3d,  4th,  5th  Excelsior,  and  120th  N.  Y.  Vols.) . 

172  Brcjckun borough’s  Brigade  (23d,  40th,  47th,  55th  Va.  Reg’ts  and  22d  Battalion)  • 

28  Brooke,  Col.,  4th  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps  (2d  Del  ,  27th  Conn.,  64th  N.  Y.,  53d  and  145th  Pa. 

Vols  . . 

W  Bryan’s  house . 

Bull,  Lieut. -Col. ,  126th  N.  Y.  V ols . .  ■  •  •  •  •  ■  •  •  •  •  •  •  ■  •  •  ■  •  ■  •  '  1  V.VV  V  ' . 

19  Burling,  Col.,  3d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  3d  Corps  (2d  N-H  5th,  6th,  <  th.8th  J '  ’  1 1™  J  , 

32-b  Burbank,  Col.,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  5th  Corps(2d,  7th,  10th,  11th  and  17th  U.  S.  Infantry) 

Buford,  Brig. -General,  1st  Div.  Cavalry . 

Candy’s  Brigade  (1st),  2d  Div.,  12th  Corps . 

23  Caldwell,  Brig. -General,  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps . 

lO-b  Carr,6 Brig  T.'len . ,  1st  Brig.,  2d  Div  ,  3d  Corps  (1st,  lith,  16th  Mass  ,  11th  N.  j.,  12th  N.  H.,  and 

26th  Pa.  Vols.) .  44 

Carroll’s  Brigade . .7.7.7.  .  7,  8,'  9,  10,15,’  16,  24, 

Z  Cemetery  Hill .  7  g) 

Cemetery  Ridge . 

Chamberlain,  General . . . 777 . 

R  Chambersburg  Turnpike  . . . 7  77 . 

Coates,  Capt.,  commanding  1st  Minn.  Vols . 

Colgrove’s  Brigade . . . ~  . . . 

Colville,  Colonel  .  . 

96  Colors,  Army  Headquarters . 

“  4th  Mich.  Vols . 

5  “  2d  Div  .  2d  Corps . .  7. 77  7  7. 77  . 

80  “  Hall’s  Brigade . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 

85  “  Webb’s  Brigade . 777777777.7777 _  5.21,22, 

M  Copse  of  Trees . .  .  . . 8,  9,  10, 

K  Cordora’s  house  . . .  . 8,  10,  11, 

Corps  1st .  . 8,  10,  24,  25, 

“  2d .  . 8,9,11, 

“  3d  .  . 8, 

“  5th . 


,  Vols.). 


8,  10,  21, 


27,  31 
20,  22 
10,  26 
10,  13 
9 
18 
27 

24 

22,  31 
21,  23 

25,  31 

13 
20 

25,  41 
14,  40 

26 

20 

14 

10,  26 

23,  24 

23,  40 

26,  31 
27 

9 

13 
26,  41 
9 

26,  31 

24,  40 
34,  41 
10,  16 

31 

8,9 

39 

13 

25 
20 

19 
25 

20 
20 

37,  39 
14,  17 

25,  41 
41,  42 
25,  42 
10,  42 


5° 


INDEX. 


KEY. 

Corps  6th  . 10,  13, 

“  11th . 11, 

“  12th  . 

“  Lee’s . 

“  Longstreet's . 

“  Hill’s . 9,  13, 

“  Ewell’s . 

112  Coulter,  Col.,  1st  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  1st  Corps  (107th  Pa.,  16th  Me.,  91th  and  101th  N.  Y.,  and  13th  Mass. 

Vols.) . . . . . . . . 

53  Crawford,  Brig.-General,  3d  Div.,  5th  Corps  . 

62  Cross,  Col.  ( killed ,  July  2d),  1st  Brig  ,  1st  Div  ,  2d  Corps  (see  Frazer,  Col.) . 

Culp’s  Hill . 7.  9,  11,  13, 

76  Cushing.  Lieut.,  Battery  A,  1th  U  S  . 21, 

103  “  “  “  “  (Limber) . 21, 

Custer,  Brig  -General,  2d  Brig.,  3d  Div.  Cav . . 

9  Dana,  Col.,  2d  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  1st  Corps  (143d,  119th,  and  150th  Pa.  Vols.) . 

Darrow,  Capt.,  commanding  82d  N.  Y.  Vols . 

32-a  Day,  Col  ,  1st  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  5th  Corps  (3d  4th,  6th,  12th,  and  14th  U.  S.  Infantry) . 

169  Davis’  Brig.  (2d,  11th,  42d  Miss,  and  55th  N.  C.  Reg’ts) . 

71  Devereux,  Col.  (19th  Mass.  Vols  ) . 18,  22,  31, 

E  Devil’s  Den.  ...•••■ . 7 

10  Doubleday,  Major-General,  3d  Div.,  1st  Corps . 9  10,  23, 

Duffee,  Major,  69th  Penn  Vols . 

Early’s  Division . 

Egan,  Lieut..  1st  U.  S.  Artillery  . 

Ellingwood,  Capt.,  commanding  15th  Mass.  Vols . 

L  Emmettsburg  Road .  . 8.  9,  13.  17,  24, 

Engelhard,  Major  (Pender’s  Division)  . 

12  Eustis,  Brig  -Gen.,  2d  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  6th  Corps  (2d  R.  I.,  7th,  10th,  and  3'th  Mass.  Vols  ) . 

Ewell,  Lieut. -General .  .  . . . 

Excelsior  Reg’ts  (see  70th,  71st,  7'.d,  73d,  and  74th  N.  Y.  Vols.) . 

P  Fairfield  Road .  . 

46  Farnsworth,  Brig  -Gen.  (killed).  1st  Brig.,  3d  Div.  Cavalry  (1st  Vt.,  1st  West  Va.,  5th  N.  Y.,  and  18th 

Pa.  Vol.  Cav.) . 

74  Farrell,  Captain,  commanding  Division  Provost  Guard . 

38  Fisher,  Col  ,  3d  Brig  ,  3d  Div  ,  5th  Corps  (5th,  12th  Penn.  Reserves) . 

Fowler.  General . 

22  Frazer,  Col.,  3d  Brig.  (Zook’s)  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps  (52d,  57th,  66th  N.  Y..  and  14llth  Pa.  Vols  ) . 

160  Frye,  Col.  (see  Archer’s  Brigade) . 

150  Garnett’s  Brig.  (8th.  18th,  19th,  28th.  and  56th  Va.  Reg’ts) . 

Gates,  Col.,  20th  New  York  State  Militia . 

36  Garrard,  Col.,  3d  Brig.  (Weed’s),  2d  Div.,  5th  Corps  (91st,  155th  Pa.,  140th,  and  146th  N.  Y. 

Vols.) . 

Gettysburg . 

41  Gibbon,  Brig.-General,  2d  Div..  2d  Corps . 8,  17,  21,  23,  25,  31,  35, 

Graham,  Brig.-General  (wounded  and  prisoner)  . 

Geary’s  Division  (2d),  12th  Corps . 11, 

30  Grant,  Col.,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  6th  Corps  (2d,  3d,  4th,  5th,  and  6th  Vt.  Vols.) . 

Greene’s  Brigade  (3d),  2d  Div.,  12th  Corps . 

Gregg,  Brig  -General,  2d  Div.  Cav . 

77  Hall.  Col..  3d  Brigade,  2d  Corps . 18,  22,  25,  31.  35, 

Hamilton  Lieut  ( Acting  Adj’t,  59th  N.  Y.  Vols.) . 

49  Hancock,  Major-General  ..  . 6,  10,  17,  18  20,  21,  22,  31,  35, 

Harrisburg  Road . . . 

Harrison,  Colonel  (General  Pickett’s  Adj’t-General) . 13, 

8  Harrow,  Brig.-General.  1st  Brig  ,  2d  Div.,  2d  Corps . 17,  21,  22,  23,  25, 

92  Haskell,  Lieut  (Gen.  Gibbons’  Staff) . 

Hayes’  Brigade . 

100  Hays,  Brig  -General,  3d  Div  ,  ?d  Corps . . 17,  21,  23.  24,  31, 

37  Hazlett,  Lieut.,  Battery  D,  6th  U.  S . 

70  Hazard,  Capt.,  Chief  2d  Corps  Artillery . 

Heath,  Col.,  19th  Maine  Vols . 

Herr’s  Tavern . 

Heth’s  Division  . 

Hildebrant,  Major  (39th  N.  Y.  Vols.) . 

Hill,  Lieut. -General . 

Hoke’s  Brigade  . 

Hood’s  Division . 

Hooker,  Lieut . 

119  Howard,  Major-General ,  lltli  Corps  . 9,  20,  24,  31, 

18  Howe,  Brig.-Gen.,  2d  Div.,  6th  Corps . . 

79  Hunt,  Brig  -General,  Chief  of  Artillery . 16,  23,  25 

20  Humphreys.  Major-General,  2d  Div.,  3d  Corps . 8,  10,  26 

.6  Infantry,  3d  Me-,  20th  Ind.,  and  99th  Pa.  Vols .  . ’ 

Intermediate  Ridge  (Sickles’  Ridge) . 8, 

lsometrical  Drawing . 

Jeffers,  Col.,  4th  Mich.  Vols . 

166  Jones,  Major  ( Pettigrew’s  Brigade) . 

Johnson's  Division . 

Kane’s  Brigade  (2d),  2d  Div.,  12th  Corps  . 

20-a_Kelley,  Col.,  2d  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps  (28th  Mass.,  63d,  69th,  88th  N.  Y.,  and  116th  Pa  Vols.) . 

Kemper,  Brig.-General . 

143  Kemper’s  Brig.  (1st,  3d.  7th,  11th  and  24th  Va  Reg’ts) . 

129  Kershaw’s  Brig.  (2d,  3d,  7th,  8th,  and  15th  S  C.  Reg’ts . . 

47  Kilpatrick,  Brig.-General,  3d  Div.  Cavalry . 

167  Lane’s  Brig.  (7th,  18th,  28th  33d,  and  37th  N  C.  Reg’ts) . 

Lang,  Col.  (see  Perry’s  Brigade) .  . 

130  Law’s  Brig.  (4th,  15th,  44th,  47th,  and  48th  Ala.  Reg’ts) . 

Leach,  Capt . 

Lee,  General . 6, 

Leonard,  General . 

B  Little  Round  Top . 7  10, 


24,  42 

24,  41 
11,  13 

9 

10,  13 
14,  25 

9 

24 

26,  31 
10 

20,  41 

23,  24 
22,  23 

28 

25,  31 
39 

27,  42 
14,  31 
35,  36 
,  8,  10 

25,  31 
22 
11 
34 
39 

37,  40 
47 

26,  42 
9,  13 

26 

8,9 

28 

24 
27 
31 
26 

14,  18 
14,  18 
39 

27,  42 
7.  9 

86,  37 

10,  31 

13,  31 
27 

11,  31 

28,  31 
37,  38 

38 
37,  41 

9 

31.  45 
35,  37 

22,  34 
11 

35,  40 
23 

24,  31 

39 
9 

14,  45 

40 
9,  47 

11 

10,  13 
21 

34,  35 
27 
31,  36 
31,  42 

25 
10,  14 

7 

19 

47 

11 

13,  31 

26 

18 

14 

13 

13,  28 

14,  47 
13,  48 

13 
38 
19,  44 
31 

23,  27 


INDEX. 


51 


1-41 

156 

53 


171 


133 

13 

166 

73 

145 

147 

90 


55 

P 

86 

116 

160 

T 

40 

10 

U 


V 

171 

37 

155 

166 


148 

V 

174 

72 

S 

173 


Lock,  Brev.  Brig. -General . 

Lockwood’s  (Independent)  Brigade,  1st  Div.,  12th  Corps . 

Longstreet,  Lieut. -General . 5,  6,  13,  18,  23, 

Lourance.  Col.  (see  Scales’  Brigade) . 

McAllister,  General . 

McCandless,  Col.,  1st  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  5th  Corps  (1st,  2d,  6th,  11th  Pa.  Reserves,  and  1st  Rifles' . 8, 

MacDougall,  Lieut  -Col  ,  111th  N.  Y . 

McDougall’s  Brigade  (Col.)  (1st),  1st  Div.  l.th  Corps....’ . 

McFadden,  Capt  ,  59th  N.  Y.  Vols . 

McGowan’s  (Perrin’s)  Brig.  (1st,  12th.  13th,  14th  S.  C.  Reg’ts  and  Orr’s  Rifles) . 

McKeen.  Col.,  1st  Brig.  (Cross’),  1  st  Div.,  2d  Corps  (5th  N.  H.,  61st  N.  Y.,  81st,  148th  Pa.  Vols  ) . 

McKenzie.  Lieut.  (Gen.  Meade’s  Staff) . 20, 

McLaws,  Major-General . 

Macy,  Lieut  -Colonel,  commanding  20th  Mass.  Vols .  . 

Madill,  Col.,  1st  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  3d  Corps  (57th,  63d,  68th  105th,  and  141st  Pa-  Vols  ) . 

Marshall,  Col.  (see  Pettigrew’s  Brigade) . .v . 

Mallon,  Col.,  42d  N.  Y.  Vols . 

Mahone’s  Brig.  (6th,  12th,  16th,  41st,  and  61st  Va.  Reg'ts) . 

Martin,  Lieut. -Col.,  53d  Va  . 

Meade,  Major-General  (Commander-in-Chief) . 6.  11,  20.  24.  31,  34, 

Meade,  Lieut . 

Meredith,  General . •• . 

Merritt,  Brig. -Gen.  (Reserve  Cavalry  Brigade) . 

Milne,  Lieut .  . 

Millerstown  Road . . . 

Mitchell,  Major  (Gen.  Hancock’s  Staff)  ...  . 6,  18, 

Morgan,  Col  (Chief  of  Gen.  Hancock’s  Staff) . . 

Morris,  Capt.  (Archer’s  Brigade) .  . . 

Mummasburg  Turnpike . 

Nevin,  Col.,  3d  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  6th  Corps  (62d  N.  Y.,  93d,  98th,  102d,  and  139th  Pa.  Vols  ) . 

Newton.  Major-General,  1st  Corps . 17,  18,  23,  25, 

Oak  Ridge  . . . . . 

Oak  Hill . 

O’ Kane,  Col.,  69th  Pa.  Vols . . 

Osborne,  Major . 

Owens,  Capt  ,  commanding  151st  Pa-  Vols . 

Parker.  Capt.  (Gen.  Hancock’s  Staff)  . . 

Peach  Orchard . K 

Pender’s,  Major-General,  Division . 

Pendleton,  Brig -General . 

Pennsylvania  College . 

Perrin,  Col.  (see  McGowan’s  Brigade)  . 

Perry’s  (Col.  Lang’s)  Brig.  (2d,  5th,  and  8th  Florida  Reg’ts) . .  - 

Pettigrew.  Brig -General . ••• . IK 

Pettigrew’s  Brigade  (Marshall)  (11th,  26th,  47th,  and  52d  N.  C.  Reg  ts) . •  ••• 

Pickett,  Major-General . •  •  ■  ■  •  - 

Pickett’s  Division . .  13  16,  21, 

Posey's  Brig  (12th,  16th,  19th,  and  48th  Ga.  Reg’ts,  and  2d  Battalion) . 

Power’s  Hill . .  24 

Prisoners  (Confederate) . ’ 

&  97  Provost  Guard . . . 

Railroad .  . 

Rantseur’s  Brig.  (2d,  4th,  14th,  and  30th  N.  C.  Reg’ts) . . 


27 
11,  13 
31,  45 
14,  47 

31 

10,  26 
23,  40 

13 
38 

14 
26 

34,  35 
10,  13 
22,  38 
31 
14,  18 
18,  35 
13 
20 
37,  38 
20,  34 
31 

28 
43 

8 

20,  34 
24 
46 

8 

10,  27 
31,  41 
7 

8,  14 
22 
16,  24 
40 
22 
10,  14 
14,  46 
16,  44 
7 

14,  46 

13,  47 
18,  45 

14,  18 

21,  45 

22,  23 

13 
20 

34,  41 
24 

8,  16 

14 


REGIMENTS. 


KEY.  REGIMENT. 

130..  4th  Regiment . 

160. .  5th  Battalion . 

ALABAMA  — 

BRIGADE. 

Confederate. 

division. 

CORPS. 

. Hill . 

PAGE 

13 

14 

13 

135..  rtli  Regiment . 

do 

. do . 

13 

tao. .  utn . . 

135..  10th. . 

135..  11th.. 

160. . 13th. . 

135..  14th.. 
130.  15th. . 

130. . 44th. . 

130. . 47th. . 

.  . . 

do 

13 

.  .do . . 

13 

.  .do . 

.  .do .  . 

..do . 

. .  do . 

.  .do . 

. Heth . 

13 

13 

13 

13 

13 

ARKANSAS— Confederate. 

13 

CONNECTICUT. 

. — Union. 

23 

26 

99  ..  14th  Regiment . 

....  4th  Brooke . 

DELAWARE.- 

-Union. 

23 

26 

INDEX 


52 


FLORIDA. — Confederate. 


KEY. 

REGIMENT. 

BRIGADE. 

DIVISION. 

CORPS. 

PAGE 

137  .. 

2d  Regiment . 

...Hill  . 

13 

137  .. 

5th.  . 

•  do . 

13 

137  .. 

8th.. 

•  do . 

13 

GEORGIA. — Confederate. 

151  .. 

2d  Battalion . 

...Hill  . 

16 

128  .. 

2  Regiment . 

13 

151  .. 

3d  . 

.  .do . 

.  .  Hill . 

13 

127  .. 

7th. 

•  do . . . 

13 

127  .. 

8th. 

.  .do . 

13 

127  .. 

9th. 

.  .do . 

13 

131  .. 

10th. 

. .  do . 

13 

127  .. 

11th. 

.  .do . 

13 

168  .. 

14th. 

.  .do . 

...Hill  . 

14 

128  .. 

15th. 

.  .do . 

13 

132  .. 

16th. 

.  •  do . 

13 

128  .. 

17th. 

.  .do . 

13 

132  .. 

18th. 

•  do . 

. Wofford . 

13 

128  . 

20th . 

.  .do . 

13 

151  .. 

22d  . 

.  .do . 

...Hill . 

13 

132  .. 

21th. 

•  do . 

13 

168  . . 

35th 

.  .do . 

. .  .Hill . 

14 

168  .  . 

45th. 

.  .do . 

14 

151  .. 

48th . 

•  .do . 

13 

168  .. 

49th. 

.  .do . 

14 

131  .. 

50th. 

.  .do . 

13 

131  .. 

51st  . 

■  do . 

13 

131  .. 

53d  . 

.  .do . 

. do . 

. do . 

13 

127  .. 

59th . 

.  .do . 

....Hood . 

13 

132  .. 

Cobb 

s  Leeion . 

. Wofford . 

13 

132  .. 

Phillips’  do . 

13 

INDIANA.— 

Union. 

14th  Regiment . 

24 

6  .. 

20th. 

.  .do . 

25 

MAINE.— Union. 

6  . . 

3d  Regiment . 

25 

6  .. 

4th. 

.  .do . 

25 

33  .. 

5th.. 

.  .do . 

27 

15  .  . 

6th . 

.  .do . 

27 

112  .. 

16th.. 

.  .do . 

. 2d  Robinson . 

24 

13  .. 

17th. 

.  .do . 

25 

64  .. 

19th. 

.  .do . 

39 

31  .. 

20  th. 

.  .do . 

26 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

—Union. 

19-b. 

1st  Regiment . 

26 

12  .. 

7th. . 

.  .do . 

26 

31  .. 

9th. 

.  .do . 

26 

12  .. 

10th. 

.  .do . 

. .  .6th  Sedgwick.. . 

26 

19-b. 

11th. 

.  .do . 

26 

117  .. 

12th. 

..do . 

24 

112  .. 

13th. 

..do  . 

24 

61  .. 

15th. 

.  do . 

39 

1 19-b. 

16th. 

.  .do . 

26 

39  .. 

18th. 

.  .do . 

27 

71  .. 

19th . 

.'.do . 

. 3d  Hall . 

.  .  . 

20 

68  .. 

20th. 

.  .do . 

...  26, 

38 

39  .. 

22d  . . 

.  .do . 

27 

26-a . 

28th.. 

.  .do . 

. 2d  Kellv . 

26 

31  .. 

32d  . 

.  .do . 

26 

115  .. 

33d  . 

.  .do . 

24 

12  .. 

37th .  . 

..do . 

.  .  .6th  Sedgwick  . . 

26 

MICHIGAN.— 

Union. 

39  .. 

1st  Regiment . 

. . .  .1st  Barnes . 

27 

13  .. 

3d  .  . 

.do . 

25 

31  .. 

4th . . . 

•  do . 

. .  .5th  Sykes . 

19 

13  .. 

5th... 

.do . 

...  .1st  Ward . 

25 

69  .. 

7th... 

.do . 

. 3d  Hall . 

38 

31  .. 

16th... 

.do . 

26 

MINNESOTA 

— Union. 

72 

1st  Regiment . 

..22,  24, 

39 

74  ) 

MISSISSIPPI. — Confederate. 

169  .. 

2d  Regiment . 

....Heth . 

...Hill . 

14 

169  .. 

11th . 

.  .do . 

14 

148  .. 

12th.. 

.  .do . 

13 

138  .. 

13th.. 

.  .do . 

13 

INDEX 


KEY. 

Regiment. 

148  . 

.  16th  Regiment 

138  . 

.  17th.. 

. .do. . . . 

138  . 

.  18th.. 

. .do. . . . 

148  . 

.  19th.. 

. . do . .  .  . 

138  . 

.  21st. . 

. . do . . . . 

169  . 

.  42d  . . 

.  . do . . . . 

148  . 

.  48th.. 

. .do. . . . 

BRIGADE. 

Posey . 

Barksdale 

.  .  do . 

Posey . 

Barksdale. 

Davis . 

Posey . 


53 

DIVISION. 

CORPS. 

PAGE 

. Hill  _ 

13 

.  ■  Me Laws . 

13 

13 

.  .Anderson . 

. Hill . 

13 

.  .  Me Laws . 

13 

.  .Heth . 

. Hill . 

14 

.  .  Anderson  .... 

13 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE— Union. 

li)  ..  2d  Regiment . 3d  Burling . 2d  Humphreys . 3d  Birney .  2(1 

27  • .  5th.... do . 4th  McKeene . 1st  Caldwell . 2d  Hancock .  26 

19-b.  Pith. ..do . 1st  Carr . 2d  Humphreys . 3d  Birney .  26 


NEW  YORK. — Union. 


5th  Cavalry . Farnsworth . 

10th ...  do . 2d  Smyth . 

57  ..  20th  N.  Y.  S.  M . 1st  Rowley . 

106  ..  39th  Regiment . 3d  Sherrill . 

13  ..  40th... do . 3d  De  Trobriand 

73  ..  42d . do . 3d  Hall . 

31  ..  44th...  do . 3d  Rice . 

22  ..  52d . do . 3d  Frazer . 

22  . .  57th ...  .do . do . 

27  ..  59th.  .  .  .do . 3d  Hall . 

27  ..  Gist....  do . 4th  McKeene. . . 

40  .  .  62d  .  .  .  .do . 3d  Nevins . 

26-a.  63d . do . 2d  Kelley . 

28  ..  64th.... do . 4th  Brooke . 

14  ..  65th  ... do . 1st  Shaler . 

22  ..  66th  ... do . 3d  Frazer . 

14  ..  67th.... do . 1st  Shaler . 

26-a-  69th. .  .  .do . 2d  Kelley . 

21  . .  70th.  .  .  .do  1st  Excelsior . 2d  Brewster 

21  ..  71st.... do  2d . do . do . 

21  ..  72d . do  3d . do . do . 

21  . .  73d  ...  .do  4th.  ..  .do . do . 

21  ..  74th.  .  .  .do  5th.  .  .  .do . do . 

66  ..  82d  ....do . 1st  Harrow . 

117  ..  8?d  ....do . 2d  Baxter . 

7  ..  86th.  ..do . 2d  Berdan . 

26-a.  8stli....do . 2d  Kelley . 

112  ..  94th.... do . . 1st  Coulter . 

117  .  .  97th.  .  .  do . 2d  Baxter . 

112  .  .104th. ..  .do . 1st  Coulter . 

108  . .  I0ath - do . 2d  Smyth . 

105-a. 111th.  . .  .do . 3d  Sherrill . 

21  . .  120th.  .  .  do . 2d  Brewster 

33  ..121st  ...do . 2d  Bartlett . 

14  .  .  122d.  ...do . 1st  Shaler  . 

7  ..124th _ do . 2d  Berdan . 

102-a.  125th - do . 3d  Sherrill . 

105  .  .126th  . ..  do . do . 

115  .  .136th - do . 2d  Smith . 

36  .  .140th - do . 3d  Garrard . 

36  .  .140th - do . do . 


Kilpatrick . 

■  3d  Hays . 

3d  Doubleday. . . . 

•  3d  Hays . 

1st  Ward . 

2d  Gibbon . 

1st  Barnes . 

1st  Caldwell . 

. do . 

•  2d  Gibbon . 

1st  Caldwell . 

3d  Wheaton . 

1st  Caldwell . 

. do . 

3d  Wheaton . 

•  1st  Caldwell . 

,3d  Wheaton . 

.1st  Caldwell . 

,2d  Humphreys. . . 

. do . 

. do . 

. do, . 

. do . 

,2d  Gibbon . 

2d  Robinson . 

,1st  Ward . 

1st  Caldwell . 

.  2d  Robinson . 

. do . 

. do . 

.2d  Hays . 

. do . 

■  2d  Humphreys  .  ■ 

.3d  Wheaton . 

. do . 

•  1st  Ward . 

,3d  Hays . 

. .  .do . 

.2d  Steinwehr 

.2d  Ayres . 

.  ...  do . 


■  Pleasanton  . . . 

■  2d  Hancock . . 

.  1st  Newton.  . 

•  2d  Hancock .  . 
.3d  Birney. 

■  2d  Hancock .  . 

•  5th  Sykes. . . . 

■  2d  Hancock.  . 

. do . 

. do . 

. do . 

•  6th  Sedgwick. 

•  2d  Hancock .  . 

. do . . 

.Pth  Sedgwick. 

•  2d  Hancock .  . 
.Cth  Sedgwick. 

•  2d  Hancock. . 
,3d  Birney. . . . 

. do . 

. do . 

. do . 

. do . 

■  2d  Hancock. . 

. do . 

■3d  Birney. . . . 
.2d  Hancock .  . 

.  1st  Newton  ■  . 

. do . 

. do  . 

■  2d  Hancock.  . 

. do . 

.3d  Birney. . .  . 

•  6th  Sedgwick 

. do . 

•  3d  Birney. . . . 

.2d  Hancock  -  . 
. do . 

■  11th  Howard 
.5th  Sykes.  . . . 

. .  .do . 


28 

23 

22 

23 

25 
20 

26 
26 
26 

22,  38 
26 
27 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
39 

24 

25 

26 
24 
24 

24 
23 
23 
26 
27 
26 

25 
23 

23 

24 
27 
27 


24  . 
24  . 
24  . 
19  . 
19  . 
19  . 
19  . 
196  . 
102  . 
24  . 


1st  Regiment 
2d  . . . .do. . . . 
3d  . . . .do. . . . 
5th. . . .do. . . • 
Pth. .  .  do. .  . . 
7th. . . .do. . . . 
8th ...  do ... • 
11th.... do.... 

12th ....  do - 

15th. • •  do. . . . 


NEW  JERSEY.— Union. 


,1st  Torbert 

. do  .... 

. do . 

3d  Burling 

....  do . 

.  .  .  .do . 

... .do 
1st  Garr. . .  . 
2d  Smyth. . 

1  st  Torbert . 


.  1  st  Wright  ...  • 

. .  .  .do . 

.  .  do . 

.  2d  Humphreys 

. do . 

. do . 

. do . 

. do . 

,3d  Hays . 

1  st  W right 


6th  Sedgwick 

... .do . 

. do . 

.3d  Birney . 

.  .do . 

.  .do . 

.  .do.  .  . 

.  .do . 

.2d  Hancock  . 
t  th  Sedgwick 


26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
26 
23,  40 
26 


173  . 

.  2d 

Regiment 

173  . 

.  4th 

. . . .do. . . . 

167  . 

.  7th 

. . . .do. . . . 

166  . 

.  11th 

.  . . .do. . . . 

156  . 

.  13th 

....do.... 

173  . 

.  14th 

. . . .do. . . . 

156  . 

.  16th 

167  . 

.  18th 

. . . .do - 

156  . 

.  22d  . 

...  do . 

167  ..  23d - do. 

166  . .  2Cth . . .  do 

173  ..  30th - do 

197  ..  33d - do 

156  ..  34th  ...do 

167  ..  37th - do 

156  ..  38th.... do 

166  ..  47th - do 

166  ..  52d - 'do 


NORTH  CAROLINA.— Confederate. 


.  Ramseur . 

d'» 

. Lane . 

.  Pettigrew . 

.  Scales . 

Ramseur . 

. Hill.. 

. Hill  .  . 

Lane . 

Scales . 

Lane . 

.  Pettigrew . 

Ramseur . 

Lane . 

. Heth . 

Scales . 

Pettigrew . 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

II 

14 

14 

II 

14 

14 


54 


INDEX 


OHIO. — Union. 


\HY. 

REGIMENT. 

BRIGADE. 

DIVISION. 

CORPS. 

PAGE 

46  . 

1st  Cavalry . 

. . .  Pleasanton . 

28 

4th  Regiment . 

. 1st  Carroll . 

24 

98  . 

8th. 

.  .do . 

. do . 

24 

L15  . 

55th 

.  .do . 

24 

L15  . 

73d. 

.  .do . 

. do . 

24 

PENNSYLVANIA 

. — Union. 

55  . 

6th  Cavalry . 

. .  .?d  Kilpatrick . . . . 

28 

46  . 

18th 

.  .  do . 

28 

14  . 

23d 

.  .  .do . 

. . .  3d  Wheaton . 

26 

19-b 

26 

15  . 

49th 

.  .  .do . 

.  .  .1st  Wright . 

27 

28  . 

53d. 

.  .  .do . 

. .  .2d  Hancock . 

26 

13  . 

57th 

. .  .do . 

.  .  .  1st  Ward . 

26 

31  . 

62d. 

.  .  .5th  Sykes . 

26 

13  . 

63d 

.  •  do . 

.  .  1st  Ward . 

26 

13  . 

68  th 

.  . .do . 

. do . 

. do . 

26 

78  . 

69th 

. . .do . 

. 2d  Webb . 

. .  .2d  Gibbon . 

.  .  .2d  Hancock . 

37 

89  . 

71st. 

...  do . 

. do . 

37 

83  . 

72d. 

37 

27  . 

81st. 

...  do . 

. .  .1st  Caldwell . 

. do . 

27 

14  . 

82d. 

.  ■  .6th  Sedgwick . 

26 

31  . 

83d. 

.  .  -5th  Sykes . 

26 

117  . 

88th 

. . .do . 

. .  .2d  Robinson . 

.  .  .1st  Newton . 

24 

L17  . 

90th 

. . .do . 

. do . 

24 

36  . 

91st. 

...  do . 

. . .  2d  Ayres . 

27 

40  . 

93d 

.  . .do . 

.  •  .6th  Sedgwick . 

27 

33  . 

95th 

. . .do  . 

. do . 

27 

33  . 

96th 

. . .do . 

. do . 

27 

40  . 

98th 

. . .do . 

. 'do . 

. do . 

27 

7  . 

99th 

.  .  do . 

.  .1st  Ward . 

.  .  .3d  Birney . 

25 

40  . 

102d. 

. .  .6th  Sedgwick . 

27 

13  . 

105th 

.  .  .do . 

1  st  W ard . 

25 

106th 

.  .  do . 

. , . 2d  Webb . 

.  .  .2d  Gibbon . 

. .  .2d  Hancock . 

20 

L12  . 

107  th 

.  .  .do . 

...1st  Newton . 

24 

13  . 

110th 

.  .  .do . 

1st  Ward . 

.  .  .3d  Birney . 

25 

19  . 

115th 

.  .  -do . 

. .  .2d  Humphreys.  . . 

. do . 

26 

20-a. 

116th. 

.  .  .do . 

.  .  .2d  Hancock . 

26 

39  . 

118th 

.  .  .do . 

1st  Barnes  . 

26 

15  . 

119th 

.  .  .do . 

.  .  -6th  Sedgwick . 

27 

11  . 

121st. 

.  .  .do . 

1st  Newton . 

25 

40  . 

139th 

.  .  .do . 

.  .  .6th  Sedgwick . 

27 

22  . 

140th 

.  .  .do . 

.  .  1st  Caldwell .... 

.  .  .2d  Hancock . 

26 

13  . 

141st 

. .  .do . 

■  1st  Ward . 

25 

11  . 

142d  . 

.  .  .do . 

.  .  .3d  Donbleday  . . . 

.  .  .  1st  Newton . 

25 

9  . 

143d 

.  .  .do . 

. do . 

25 

28  .. 

145th 

.  . .do . 

.  .  1st  Caldwell . 

.  .  2d  Hancock . 

26 

27  . 

148th 

.  . .do . 

. do . 

26 

9  . 

149th 

.  . .do . 

.  .  .3d  Doubleday  . . 

...  1st  Newton . 

25 

9  . 

150th 

.  .  .do . 

. do . 

25 

54  .. 

151st 

.  .  .do . 

.  .  .2d  Gibbon . 

.  .  .2d  Hancock . 

25 

36  . 

155th 

.  . .do . 

. .  .2d  Ayres . 

27 

PENNSYLVANIA  RESERVES. 

53  . 

1st  Regiment . 

.  .  .5th  Sykes . 

26 

53  . 

2d  . 

.  .  .do . 

26 

38  . 

5th 

. . .do . 

. 3d  Fisher . 

27 

53  . 

6  th 

.  .  .do . 

. do . 

26 

38  . 

9th 

...  do . 

27 

38  . 

10  th 

. . .do . 

. do . 

27 

58  . 

11th 

. . .do . 

. do . 

26 

38  . 

12th 

.  .  do . 

. do . 

27 

51  . 

1st  Rifles . 

. do . 

26 

REGUL4RS. — 

Union. 

55  . 

1st 

Cavalry . 

. Merritt . 

. .  .3d  Kilpatrick.  . . . 

. .  Pleasanton . 

28 

55  . 

2d 

.  . .do . 

28 

55  . 

5  th 

.  .  .do . 

28 

32-b 

2d 

Regiment . 

.  .  .2d  Ayres . 

•  27 

32-a. 

3d  . 

.  . .do . 

. do  . 

27 

32-a 

4th 

.  . .do . 

. do  . 

27 

32-a. 

6th 

.  .  .do . 

27 

32-b 

7  th 

...do . 

. do . 

27 

32-b 

10th 

.  •  -do . 

27 

32-b 

11th 

.  .  do . 

. do . 

27 

32-a. 

12  th 

.  .  do . 

27 

32-a. 

14th. 

...  do . 

27 

32-b 

17th 

. . .do . 

-  k 

. do . 

27 

RHODE  ISLAND.— Union. 

12  . 

2d  Regiment . 

. .  .6th  Sedgwick . 

26 

SOUTH  CAROLINA.- 

•Confederate. 

L71  . 

1st  Regiment . 

■  .  .Pender . 

. .  .Hill . 

14 

129  . 

2d.  . 

•  do . 

13 

INDEX. 


55 


KEY. 

REGIMENT. 

BRIGADE. 

DIVISION. 

CORPS. 

PAGE 

129  . 
129  . 

.  3d  Regiment . 

.  7th..  .do . 

13 

13 

129  . 

.  8th. 

.  .do . 

13 

171  . 

•  12th. 

.  .do . 

. Hill . 

14 

171  . 

.13th. 

.  .do . 

. do . 

14 

171  . 

•14th. 

.  .do . 

14 

129  . 

■  15th.. 

•  do . 

. Longstreet . 

13 

171  . 

•  Orr’s 

Rifles . 

. Pender . 

. Hill . 

14 

TENNESSEE. — Confederate. 


160  . 

.  1st  Regiment . 

. Heth . 

. Hill . 

.  14 

160  . 

.  7th.  .  .  .do . 

. do . 

.  14 

160  . 

.14th  .  .  do . 

. do . 

.  14 

TEXAS. — Confederate. 


126  . 

.  1st  Regiment . 

Hood . 

. . .  Longstreet . 

13 

126  . 

.  4th. . 

.  do . 

.  .do . 

. do . 

13 

126  . 

,51st. . 

.  .do . 

.do . 

. do . 

13 

VERMONT.— Union. 

46  . 

.  1st  Cavalry  . 

•  3d  Kilpatrick  . . . 

. . .Pleasanton . 

28 

30  . 

.  2d 

Regiment . 

•  2d  Howe . 

27 

30  . 

.  3d. 

•  .  .  .do . 

. do . 

. do . 

27 

30  . 

4th 

. .  .  .do . 

. do . 

. do . 

. do . 

27 

30  . 

.  5  th. 

. .  do . 

27 

30  . 

.  6th . 

.  . .do . 

. do . 

27 

.  12th. 

.  .  .do . 

3d  Doubleday  .  . . 

.  .  .1st  Newton . 

23 

62  . 

.  13th 

. .  .do . 

. do . 

22,  23 

50  . 

.  14th. 

.  .  .do . 

... .do . 

18 

.  15th . 

.  .  .do . 

23 

63  . 

.  16th. 

. .  ...do . 

22 

VIRGINIA. — Confederate. 

141  . 

.  1st 

Regiment . 

.  Pickett . 

14,  39 

143  . 

.  3d  . 

.  .  .do . 

. do . 

14 

145  . 

.  6th 

.  .  .  .do . 

. Mahone . 

Anderson . 

....Hill . 

13 

143  . 

.  7  th. 

.  .  do . 

Pickett . 

. . .  Longstreet . 

14,  39 

153  . 

.  9th 

.  . . .do . 

. .  .do . 

14 

14!  . 

.  11th 

.  . . .do . 

. .  .do . . 

. do . 

14 

145  . 

.  12th 

.  ...  do . 

Anderson . 

....Hill  . 

13 

153  . 

..  14th 

.  .  . .do . 

.  Pickett . 

. . . .  Longstreet . 

14 

145  . 

..  16th 

.  .  .  .do . 

■  Anderson . 

....Hill  . 

13 

172  . 

. .  22d 

Battalion . 

Heth . 

14 

143  . 

. .  24th  Regiment . 

. Kemper . 

Pickett . 

14 

153  . 

..  38th 

.  . .  Armistead . 

14 

172  . 

. .  40th 

.  . . .do . 

.  Heth . 

....Hill  . 

14 

145 

. .  41st 

.  .  .  .do . . 

Anderson . 

13 

172 

..  47th 

.  .  .  do . 

14 

153 

. .  63d 

. ...  do . 

.  Pickett . 

14 

172  . 

. .  55 th 

. . . .do . 

.  Heth . 

.  .  .  .Hill . 

14 

153  , 

. .  5  th 

. .  .  do . 

.  Pickett . 

14 

145  , 

..  Gist 

. . .  .do . 

•  Anderson . 

....Hill  . 

13 

WEST  VIRGINIA.- 

-Union. 

46 

1st  Cavalry . 

.3d  Kilpatrick . . . 

28 

. .  7th  Regiment . 

.3d  Hays . 

23 

WISCONSIN. 

15 

. .  5th  Regiment . 

.1st  Wright . 

27 

O  Reynolds,  Major-General,  1st  Corps  ( killed ,  July  1st)  . .... . . . ... . •  •  •  •  ■  •  ■  •  •  •  •  • •  •  •  •  •  •  •  •  ■ •  ■  ■  ■  •  •  •  ■  •  •  •  •  •  •  8’  9> 

31  Rice.  Col  3d  Brig.  (Vincent’s),  1st  Div.,  5th  Corps  (15th  Mich..  41th  N.  \  83d  Pa  ,  20th  Me.  Vols  ). . 

26  Robertson’s  Brig.  (1st,  4th,  and  51st  Texas,  and  3d  Ark.  Reg’ts) . 

114  Robinson,  Brig  -General,  2d  Div  ,  1st  Corps . . 

Rodes’  (  Major-General)  Division . j 

U  Row  ley  /  B  rig  -Genl  ,  1st  Brig  ,  3d  Div.,  1  st  Corps  (121st,  142d,  151st  Pa.  Vols.,  and  20th  N.  \  .  S.  M.)..  22, 

Ruger’s  ( Brig. -General)  Division,  1st  Div.,  12th  Corps...  •  •  •  '  j  V." '.  V  V>  ‘ '  U‘ ,'  ‘  V .  ’ 

15  Russell,  Brig. -Gen.,  3d  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  t  th  Corps(5th  Wis.,  6th  Me.,  4Jth  and  llJth  Pa.  Vols.) . 

Saville,  Capt.(Col.  Smyth’s  Staff) . . . 

93  Sawyer,  Col.,  8th  Ohio  Vols . ■  . ;  A  ' C  ' .  ’ 

156  Scales’  Brigade (Lourance)(  13th,  16th,  22d,  34th,  and  3sth  N.  C.  ^e§tS}n’n_ . 

Schimmelohennig,  Brig.-General,  2d  Div.,  and  2d  Bng.,  2d  Div., 11th  Corps . 

Schudy,  Lieut. -Colonel,  69th  Pa.  Vols.  . .  q 

120-a  Schurz,  Brig.-General,  ?d  Div  ,  11th  Corps .  97’ 

29  Sedgwick,  Major-General,  6th  Corps . 

Seeley,  Capt.,  111th  N.  Y.  Vols . •. . 

Selfridge,  General .  7  g 

Q  Seminary  Theological) . .  g  13 

Seminary  Ridge . ■•••••••••" ;  *  . 

'll  Shaler^Brig'-Geif.^^lst^Bri^Ild  I3iv.^^h^Co^s^65th','67th,  122d  N."  Y.,  2  Landed  Pa!  Vois.j*. !  '•  '■  '•  •  •  ■  13, 

160  Shepard,  Colonel,  of  Archer’s  Brigade . 


23 

26 

13 
41 

14 
27 
25 

13 
27 

23 

24 

14 
9 

22 

24 

41 

40 

31 

,9 

14 

13 

31 

46 


56 


INDEX. 


key.  page 

109  Sherrill,  Col.,  3d  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  2d  Corps .  23 

Sickles’  Ridge .  8 

Sickles,  Major-General . 8,  10,  31 

Slocum,  Major-General . 11,  20,  31 

115  Smith,  Col.,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  11th  Corps  (55th,  73d  Ohio,  136th  N.  Y.  and  33d  Mass.  Vols  ) .  24 

Smith,  Col.,  71st  Pa.  Vols .  37,  38 

104  Smyth,  Col.,  2d  Brig.,  3d  Div.,  2d  Corps .  23 

South  Mountain .  8 

51  Stannard,  Brig.-General,  3d  Brig  ,3d  Div.,  1st  Corps .  17,  21,  23,  31,  35 

Steel,  Lieut  -Col.,  7th  Mich.  Vols .  22 

120  Steinwehr,  Brig.-General,  2d  Div.,  11th  Corps .  9,  24 

Stone,  General .  31 

84  Stone  Wall .  17,  20 

31  Sweitzer,  Col.,  2d  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  5th  Corps  (4th  Mich.,  62d  Pa.,  9th  and  32d  Mass.  Vols  ) .  10,  26 

29  Sykes,  Major-General,  5th  Corps .  27,  31 

A  &  Y  Taneytown  Road .  27 

168  Thomas’  Brig.  (14th,  35th,  45th,  and 49th  Ga.  Reg’ts) .  14 

Thomas,  Lieut. -Col.,  59th  N.  Y.  Vols . . .  38 

39  Tilton,  Col.,  1st  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  5th  Corps(lst  Mich.,  118th  Pa.  Vols.) .  27 

121  Tompkins,  Col.,  Chief  6th  Corps  Artillery .  24 

X  Town  of  Gettysburg . .  9,  29 

24  Torbert,  Brig.-Gen.,  1st  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  6th  Corps  (1st,  2d,  3d,  and  15th  N.  J.  Vols.) .  26,  27 

125  Trevor,  Sergeant,  5th  U.  S .  24 

158  Trimble,  Major-General .  14 

13  De  Trobriand,  Col  ,  3d  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  3d  Corps  (3d,  5th  Mich.,  17th  Me.,  40th  N.  Y.,  and  110th  Pa. 

Vols.) .  25,  31 

Upton,  Col.  (see  Bartlett’s  Brigade) .  27 

Vincent,  Brig.-General,  3d  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  5th  Corps .  7,  10 

C  Vincent’s  Spur  .  7,  10 

Wadsworth,  Brig.-General,  1st  Div.,  1st  Corps .  25 

Walker,  Mr .  19,  31 

4  Ward,  Brig.-General,  1st  Div.,  3d  Corps .  25,  31 

Warren,  Brig.-General  (Chief  Engineer  Army  Potomac)  .  31 

81  Webb,  Brig.-General,  2d  Brig.,  2d  Div.,  2d  Corps  . 17,  20,  21,  22,  25,  28,  31,  37,  38 

Weed,  Brig.-General  . 7,  10,  27 

B  Weed’s  Hill  . .' .  7 

Wessels,  Captain .  21 

35  Wheaton,  Brig.-General,  3d  Div.,  6th  Corps  .  27 

G  Wheat  Field  . , .  7,8,10 

135  Wilcox’s  Brig.  (8th,  9th,  10th,  11th,  and  14th  Ala.  Reg’ts)  . 10,  13,  18,  31 

48-a  Willard,  Col.  {killed,  July  2d),  3d  Brig  ,  3d  Div.,  2d  Corps  .  10,  23 

Williams,  Brig.-General,  commanding  12th  Corps .  11,  31 

Wister,  General .  31 

132  Wofford’s  Brig.  (16th,  18th,  and24th  Ga.  Reg'ts,  Cobb’s  and  Phillips’  Legions)  .  13 

25  Wright,  Brig.-General,  1st  Div.,  6th  Corps .  26,  27 

151  Wright’s  Brigade .  10,13 

York  Road  . ’. .  9 

58  Zook,  Brig.-General  ( killed  July  2),  3  Brig.,  1st  Div.,  2d  Corps .  10 


A  GALLANT  CHARGE  AT  GETTYSBURG. 


BOMBARDMENT  OF  FORT  SUMTER,  S.  C.,  APRIL 


FIRST  BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN,  VA.,  JULY 


MERRIMAC  AND  MONITOR,  MARCH 


GENERAL  GRANT’S 


CHARGE 


AT  SHILOH. 


BATTLE  O F  WILLIAMSBURG,  VA.,  MAY  6,  I  862. 


BATTLE  OF  FAIR  OAKS,  VA.,  MAY  3  I,  I  862. 


BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  MOUNTAIN,  VA.,  JULY  9,  I  862. 


BATTLE  OF  CHANCELLORSVILLE,  VA. 


SIEGE  OF  VICKSBURG,  MISS. 


ON  FREDERICKSBURG,  VA.,  DECEMBER  13,  I  862 


BATTLE  OF  MURFREESBOROUGH,  TENN.  CAPTURE  OF  A  CONFEDERATE  FLAG,  JANUARY  I,  I  863 


BATTLE  OF  CHICKAMAUGA,  GA.,  SEPTEMBER  I  9,  20,  1 863 


< 


BATTLE  OF  LOOKOUT  MOUNTAIN,  TENN.,  NOVEMBER  23-25,  I  863. 


CAPTURE  OF  PETERSBURG,  VA.,  JULY,  I  864. 


sheridan’s  charge  at  winchester,  va.,  September  19,  1864 


sheridan’s  ride. 


ALLATOONA  PASS 


BATTLE  OF  KENESAW  MOUNTAIN. 


CAPTURE  OF  FORT  FISHER 


SENT  AT  OUR  EXPENSE,  ON  APPROVAL 


ClK  Reu)  Statesman  Edition 
Works  of  Clxodore  Roosevelt 


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In  H  targe  fiandsome  Oclauo  Volumes.  Illustrated 


VVTE  offer  to  take  the  expense  and  risk  of  sending  our  readers 
this  imposing  row  of  volumes  (weighing  something  tike  20 
pounds)  because  we  believe  American  citizens,  whatever  their 
political  faith,  will  this  year  welcome  an  altogether  exceptional 
opportunity  to  obtain  Theodore  Roosevelt’s  works. 


Ox  Distinctive  Features  of  this  Edition 

THE  STATESMAN  EDITION  contains  not  only  “  The  "Winning  of  the  West  ” 
volumes,  the  ranch  stories,  hunting  stories,  and  “History  of  the  War  of  1812,” 
but  “  The  Rough  Riders  ”  (an  appendix  contains  Theodore  Roosevelt’s  military  record) 
and  “  The  Strenuous  Life  ”  as  well  ;  over  and  above  these  well-known  writings  of  the 
President,  an  all-important  addition  is  two  volumes  containing  the  President's  entire 
speeches,  addresses,  and  public  messages,  edited  by  Dr.  Albert  Shaw,  who  also  con¬ 
tributes  an  introduction.  This  is  the  authorized  edition  of  the  President’s  public  utter¬ 
ances,  and  it  is  scarcely  necessary  to  point  out  the  interest  and  value  this  part  of  the 
Statesman’s  Edition  will  have  for  American  citizens  in  1904. 

tlx  Price  flnotlxr  Distinctive  Feature 

Not  the  least  distinctive  feature  of  this  project  is  the  price  at  which  the  books  are 
sold.  The  fourteen  large  octavo  illustrated  volumes,  handsomely  bound  in  red  cloth, 
would  usually  be  sold  by  subscription  for  from  $2  to  $3  each.  For  the  short  period 
covered  by  this  offer  we  make  the  price  of  $11  cash  (less  than  80  cents  a  volume, 
delivered),  or  $1  a  month  for  12  months. 

Not  only  is  this  edition  of  Roosevelt’s  works,  therefore,  the  most  timely  and  dis¬ 
tinctive  set  of  books  offered  to  subscribers  this  year,  it  is  also  the  cheapest. 


you  must  Act  Promptlp 


The  great  cooperative  plan  that  made  this  edition  of  Roosevelt  possible  and  made 
the  low  price  possible  allows  the  Statesman  Edition  to  be  sold  only  for  a  short  period. 

At  the  end  of  that  time  the  plates  must,  by  contract,  be  destroyed, 

and  the  Statesman  Edition  cannot  be 

had  at  any  price.  So  if  yon  wish  to  place 
this  handsome  set  on  your  shelves,  and  make 
the  most  brilliant  book  investment  offered  this 
year,  you  must  do  it  now. 


send  no  itcoikp 


Copyright,  1903,  Rockwood,  New  York. 


We  are  anxious  to  send  you  the  Statesman 
Edition,  express  paid  by  us,  with  the  under¬ 
standing  that  we  will  pay  return  charges  if  you 
do  not  want  it  after  keeping  the  books  five  days  ; 
we  are  anxious  to  do  this,  because  we  have  found 
discerning  people  do  want  to  keep  it.  In  the 
past  five  years  we  have  distributed  millions  of 
volumes  of  subscription  books  on  the  approval 
plan,  and  no  work  has  ever  before  been  retained, 
approved .  so  invariably  as  this  magnificent  set  of 
Roosevelt’s  works.  People  see  at  a  glance  the 
bargain  they  are  getting. 


tlx  “  Statesman  edition  ”  Contains 


CIVICS— 2  Volumes 

American  Ideals:  True  Americanism  —  The 
Manly  Virtues  and  Practical  Politics— The  College 
Graduate  and  Public  Life— Phases  of  State  Legisla¬ 
tion — Machine  Politics  in  New  York  City— Six  Years 
of  Civil  Service  Reform— The  Monroe  Doctrine — The 
Law  of  Civilization  and  Decay. 


ADVENTURE— 1  Volume 
The  Rough  Riders:  Raising  the  Regiment— 
To  Cuba— General  Young’s  Fight  at  Las  Guasimas- 
The  Cavalry  at  Santiago— In  the  Trenches— The  Re¬ 
turn  Home— The  “Round  Robin”  Letter— Muster- 
out  Roll. 

HISTORY— 6  Volumes 


The  Strenuous  Life:  Expansion  and  Peace- 
Latitude  and  Longitude  Among  Reformers  —  Civil 
Helpfulness— The  Eighth  and  Ninth  Commandments 
in  Politics  —  Promise  and  Performance  —  National 
Duties— The  Labor  Question— Christian  Citizenship 
—The  Strenuous  Life— Character  and  Success— The 
American  Boy. 

HUNTING-3  Volumes 

Hunting  the  Grizzly:  The  Bison  or  American 
Buffalo— The  Black  Bear— Old  Ephraim,  the  Grizzly 
Bear— The  Cougar— A  Peccary  Hunt  on  the  Nueces- 
Hunting  with  Hounds — Wolves  and  Wolf-hounds 
In  Cowboy  Land. 

Hunting  Trips  of  a  Ranchman:  Ranching 
in  the  Bad  Lands-  Water-fowl— The  Grouse  of  the 
Northern  Cattle  Plains — The  Deer  of  the  River  Bot- 
toms-The  Blaektail  Deer— A  Trip  After  Mountain 
Sheep — The  Lordly  Buffalo. 

The  Wilderness  Hunter:  The  American 
Wilderness — The  Whitetail  Deer  ;  and  the  Blaektail 
of  the  Columbia — Among  the  High  Hills;  the  Big¬ 
horn  or  Mountain  Sheep  —  Mountain  Game ;  the 
White  Goat— The  Wapiti  or  Roundhorned  Elk— I  he 
Moose  ;  The  Beast  of  the  Woodland-hunting  Lover. 

,  '  of  the  Statesman  Edition 

ONLY  FILL  OUT  THIS  FORM  AND  MAIL  11  of  it00Sevelt's  Works  on 

All  you  have  to  do  is  to  fill  out  this  form  and  mail  it  to  the  address  below.  f^oav^fl^OO  ^a  ^ 'month "for 

The  books  will  be  sent  at  once,  all  charges  paid.  If  you  want  them.fi  a  month  1  pay  *UJU  a  mom  101 

pays  for  them.  If  you  do  not  want  them ,  send  them  back  at  our  expense. 


The  Winning  of  the  West  is  a  graphic  repre¬ 
sentation  of  the  gradual  advance,  step  by  step,  year 
by  year,  of  the  sturdy  frontiersmen  from  the  original 
thirteen  States  across  the  Alleghanies  into  the  val¬ 
leys  of  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  Rivers,  and  in  the 
region  of  the  Great  Lakes.  It  is  history,  authorita¬ 
tively  related  and  interestingly  told. 

The  Naval  War  of  1812  is  a  formal  statement 
of  those  interesting  facts  which  gave  to  our  country 
indisputable  prestige  on  the  sea.  In  two  volumes  the 
thrilling  victories  by  our  men-of-war  are  vividly 
pictured  and  narrated  with  buoyancy. 

SPEECHES  AND  MESSAGES— 2  Volumes. 

Presidential  Addresses  and  State  Papers: 

In  two  volumes,  edited  with  an  introduction  by 
Albert  Shaw.  Include  speeches  and  addresses 
of  President  Roosevelt  made  on  various  im 
portant  occasions,  and,  in  addition,  the  mes¬ 
sages  of  the  President  to  the  first  and 
second  sessions  of  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress  and  to  the  first  and  second 
sessions  of  the  Fifty-eighth  Con¬ 
gress,  with  other  State  papers 

of  extraordinary  interest  to  k  13  Astor  Place,  New  York 
American  citizens  in  1904.  Please  send  me  a  set 


The 

Review  of 
Reviews  Co. 


Gin  Reoiew  of  Rooieios  Co. 

13  ASTOR  PLACE,  NEW  YORE 


Rear  Admiral  Belknap:  “The  picture  is  spirited  and  correct.’’ 

Rear  Admiral  Philip:  “It  depicts  vividly  and  with  historical  accuracy  the  Naval  Battle 
of  Santiago.” 

George  Edward  Graham  (War  Correspondent  for  the  Associated  Tress) :  “I  witnessed 
this  battle  from  the  Flagship  Brooklyn,  by  the  side  of  Commodore  Schley,  and  I  can  testify 
to  the  splendid  accuracy  of  your  picture.  The  positions  of  the  ships  both  in  relation  to  the 
shoreline  and  the  Spanish  vessels  are  perfect.” 


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OPINIONS  OF  DISTINGUISHED  MEN. 


I  have  carefully  examined  and  studied  Mr.  Walker’s  painting  of  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg; 
and,  as  far  as  my  recollection  serves  me,  the  work  is  wonderfully  accurate  in  the  delineation  of 
the  landscape  and  position  of  troops.  As  commanding  general  it  was  not  in  my  power  to  have 
a  knowledge  of  the  details  here  represented;  but  from  the  confidence  I  have  in  the  fidelity  of 
research  and  devotion  to  the  truth  of  history  possessed  by  Colonel  Bachelder,  from  whom  Mr. 
Walker  has  derived  his  data,  I  am  satisfied  the  painting  is  as  accurate  in  its  details,  as  I  know  it 
to  be  in  its  general  features.  George  G.  Meade, 

Major-Gen.  com' g  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

My  command  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  on  the  3d  of  July  (left-center)  occupies  the  greater 
portion  of  the  front  of  this  painting.  Immediately  preceding  the  time  represented,  I  rode  along 
my  entire  line;  this  picture  not  only  correctly  represents  the  positions  of  the  troops,  but  indi¬ 
cates  their  relative  movements  with  a  precision  which  must  always  make  it  invaluable  as  an  his¬ 
torical  representation  of  that  scene. 

From  Major-Gen.  Hancock ,  commanding  left-center. 

This  picture  of  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg  is  a  remarkably  fair  and  complete  representation  of 
that  eventful  scene.  James  Longstreet, 

Lieut.-Gen.  com'g  First  Corps  C.  S.  A. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  cannonade  which  preceded  the  scene  here  represented,  I  was  on  Little 
Round  Top.  I  immediately  rode  along  the  entire  line  to  Cemetery  Hill,  observing  the  enemy’s 
batteries,  and  directing  the  fire  and  movements  of  our  own.  At  Colonel  Bachelder’s  request  I 
have  since  twice  visited  Gettysburg  with  him,  and  pointed  out  their  positions.  I  have  also  in 
company  with  other  officers  several  times  visited  Mr.  Walker’s  studio,  and  verified  the  correct¬ 
ness  of  their  location  in  the  picture.  To  the  best  of  my  belief,  they  are  properly  represented. 

Henry  J.  Hunt, 

Major-Gen.  com’g  Artillery  of  the  Army  of  the  Poto?nac. 

This  painting  is  one  of  the  most  faithful  and  conscientious  representations  of  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg  that  can  be  produced,  and  if  any  person  desires  to  witness  an  American  battle,  he  can 
sit  down  and  imagine  himself  in  the  midst  of  this  scene.  Alex.  S.  Webb, 

Brev.  Major-Gen.  U.  S.  A. 

This  painting  of  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg  is,  I  think,  the  best  painting  of  a  battle  extant, 
for  it  conveys  to  one  what  actually  takes  place  on  the  whole  line  of  battle.  The  engraving  faith¬ 
fully  reproduces  the  painting. 

From  Major-Gen.  Humphreys ,  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Armies  of  the  United  States. 

As  chief  engineer  of  the  army  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  my  duties  called  me  to  most  parts 
of  the  field;  and  I  have  s'nce  carefully  examined  its  topography.  I  witnessed  this  scene  from 
Little  Round  Top.  The  picture  is  true  to  the  landscape,  and  vividly  restores  the  action  of  the 
battle.  G.  K.  Warren, 

Brev.  Major-Gen.  U.  S.  A. 

Being  an  eyewitness  of  the  battle,  and  familiar  with  the  ground,  I  do  not  hesitate  to  pro¬ 
nounce  it  a  correct  representative  battle  picture.  The  landscape  is  faithfully  delineated,  and 
takes  in  the  full  scope  of  country,  representing  twenty-five  square  miles  of  territory. 

From  fudge  Wills ,  a  citizen  of  Gettysburg. 

The  undersigned  have  had  the  opportunity  of  viewing  the  historical  painting  of  the  Battle  of 
Gettysburg,  and  we  do  most  heartily  commend  the  painting  as  a  work  of  high  art,  and  true  to 
history,  and  the  description  of  the  battle,  in  connection  with  the  painting,  as  being  so  vivid  and 
clear  as  to  give  to  all  a  truthful  impression  of  the  scene  which  never  can  be  forgotten.  Even 
young  children  can  understand  it,  and  would  receive  from  a  single  exhibition  a  better  knowledge 
of  the  battle  than  could  be  acquired  from  years  of  study.  Old  and  young  should  improve  the 
opportunity  to  get  a  clear  understanding  of  one  of  the  most  important  events  in  the  history  of 
the  nation. 


John  W.  Stewart,  Gov.  of  Vermont. 


J.  S.  Morrill,  U.  S.  Senator. 


[ Boston  Journal .] 

Better  than  volumes  of  description  is  this  historic  picture  to  give  one  a  clear,  comprehensive 
and  truthful  conception  of  the  contest  which  will  ever  be  reckoned  as  the  turning  point  in  the 
history  of  the  American  Republic. 

[Boston  Post.] 

The  artist  made  his  studies  for  the  picture  upon  the  field  of  Gettysburg,  spending  weeks 
there,  and  has  reproduced  the  scenery,  in  its  detail  and  spirit,  to  perfection.  And  thus  he  has 
succeeded  in  making  a  harmonious  and  wonderfully  comprehensive  picture.  No  feature  of  the 
scene,  no  corps  or  individual,  is  brought  into  undue  prominence;  but  the  whole  glowing,  rushing 
torrent  of  fierce  action  passes  before  our  eyes  as  if  reproduced  in  fact.  It  is  one  of  the  most  in¬ 
tensely  vivid  scenes  that  has  ever  been  put  on  canvas. 

[. Boston  Daily  Traveler .] 

Walker’s  wonderful  painting  of  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg  proves  the  most  popular  art  exhi¬ 
bition  which  we  have  had  in  Boston.  When  first  opened  to  the  public,  those  unfamiliar  with  the 
paraphernalia  and  detail  of  war  gazed  with  uncertain  awe  upon  the  confused  masses  of  men  and 
horses  hurrying  hither  and  thither,  borne  along  upon  the  whirlwind  of  excitement.  Here  are 
long  lines  of  infantry,  or  dense  columns  closed  en  masse,  apparently  indifferent  to  the  scene. 
Here  batteries  go  rushing  to  the  front,  while  others  have  “  limbered  to  the  rear.”  Bursting  shells 
fill  the  air  ;  and  you  almost  hear  the  roar  of  artillery,  and  the  rattle  of  musketry,  as  you  watch 
the  curling  clouds  of  dust  and  smoke,  which,  drifted  by  the  southwest  wind,  float  away  in  the 
distance.  This  is  an  American  battle , fought  by  American  soldiers.  It  was  a  bold  leap  from  the 
conventional  school  of  art,  when  Colonel  Bachelder,  overlooking  the  mere  episode  of  a  battle 
which  has  usually  constituted  battle-scenes,  boldly  grasped  the  whole  field,  and  through  six  and 
a  HALF  years  of  toil  and  hardship  unraveled  its  intricate  details,  superintending  the  arrange, 
ment  of  every  regiment  and  battery  in  its  appropriate  place  upon  the  canvas.  And  it  is  equally 
fortunate  for  the  history  of  American  warfare  that  a  man  possessing  the  ability  to  execute  was 
found  in  the  person  of  Mr.  Walker,  who  would  willingly  and  conscientiously  use  the  material, 
thus  rescued  from  oblivion,  and  weave  it  into  a  symmetrical  whole,  devoting  three  and  a  half 
years  of  his  life  to  this  magnificent  work.  Critics  hesitated  to  criticise  this  new  departure;  but 
the  soldiers  have  answered  the  question,  and  the  public  have  accepted  their  verdict.  Day  after 
day  they  visit  this  fascinating  painting,  always  discovering  something  new  to  admire.  The  writer 
yesterday  met  at  the  gallery  an  officer  of  the  Fifth  Maine  Battery,  who  said  it  was  his  thirty- 
second  visit,  and  yet  each  successive  examination  revealed  new  beauties  in  the  painting. 

[Herald.] 

As  a  work  of  art  it  stands  in  the  front  rank  of  great  battle  pieces.  The  striking  features  of 
the  picture  are  its  truthfulness  to  nature,  and  conscientious  execution.  The  wonder  is,  how  upon 
a  canvas  twenty  feet  long  and  seven  and  a  half  high,  covering  one  hundred  and  fifty  square  feet, 
the  artist  has  managed  to  crowd  three  hundred  and  nine  regiments  and  seventy-eight  batteries, 
and  that  too  with  such  rare  clearness  and  exactness. 

[. Philadelphia  Press.] 

The  artist  has  given  a  living  picture  of  the  repulse  of  Longstreet’s  grand  charge.  Its 
naturalness  is  one  of  its  greatest  merits.  The  spectator  can  hardly  realize  that  he  is  looking  upon 
a  mere  picture,  but  finds  himself  involuntarily  listening  to  hear  the  roar  of  the  guns  and  the 
groans  of  the  wounded. 

[  Washington  Sunday  Chronicle .] 

We  might  fill  columns  with  expressions  of  admiration  for  this  great  production  of  study  and 
genius,  but  have  only  space  to  say  that  among  America’s  most  wonderful  works  is  the  splendid 
picture  of  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg. 

As  a  work  of  art  the  picture  is  a  masterpiece,  and  at  once  delights  the  beholder.  The  action 
of  the  horses  is  splendid,  no  one  could  have  painted  such  horses  who  had  not  seen  them  in 
battle.  All  the  details  of  the  picture  are  perfectly  brought  out.  Lovers  of  art  can  spend  an 
hour  very  pleasantly  and  profitably  in  examining  this  painting,  and  no  one  will  legret  having 
done  so. 


♦ 


ADDRESS  AT  GETTYSBURG. 

FOURSCORE  and  seven  years  ago  our  fathers  brought  forth  upon 
this  continent  a  new  nation,  conceived  in  liberty  and  dedicated  to 
the  proposition  that  all  men  are  created  equal. 

Now  we  are  engaged  in  a  great  civil  war,  testing  whether  that  na¬ 
tion,  or  any  nation  so  conceived  and  so  dedicated,  can  long  endure. 

We  are  met  on  a  great  battlefield  of  that  war.  We  have  come  to 
dedicate  a  portion  of  that  field  as  a  final  resting  place  for  those  who 
here  gave  their  lives  that  that  nation  might  live.  It  is  altogether  fitting 
and  proper  that  we  should  do  this.  But  in  a  larger  sense  we  cannot 
dedicate,  we  cannot  consecrate,  we  cannot  hallow  this  ground. 

The  brave  men,  living  and  dead,  who  struggled  here,  have  conse¬ 
crated  it  far  above  our  power  to  add  or  detract.  The  world  will  little 
note  nor  long  remember  what  we  say  here,  but  it  can  never  forget 
what  they  did  here.  It  is  for  us,  the  living,  rather,  to  be  dedicated  here 
to  the  unfinished  work  which  they  who  fought  here  have  thus  far  so 
nobly  advanced.  It  is  rather  for  us  to  be  here  dedicated  to  the  great 
task  remaining  before  us;  that  from  these  honored  dead  we  take  in¬ 
creased  devotion  to  that  cause  for  which  they  gave  the  last  full  meas¬ 
ure  of  devotion;  that  we  here  highly  resolve  that  these  dead  shall  not 
have  died  in  vain  ;  that  this  nation,  under  God,  shall  have  a  new  birth 
of  freedom;  and  that  government  of  the  people,  by  the  people,  and  for 
the  people,  shall  not  perish  from  the  earth. 


